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Full-Text Articles in Education
How Peer Group Membership Influences Adolescent Alcohol Use, Jane A. Reimer
How Peer Group Membership Influences Adolescent Alcohol Use, Jane A. Reimer
Graduate Research Papers
As we near the close of the decade of the eighties and review gains and losses in the "war against drugs," several startling facts still loom as powerful reminders of the continuing problem our society has with drug use. Since 1 1960, all age groups in our society have experienced declining death rates with the exception of one group, the 15 to 24 year olds, whose overall death rate has increased (Ried, Martinson, & Weaver, 1987). A significant cause cited for this reverse trend among 15 to 24 year olds is the great number of alcohol related deaths due to …
Familial Perspectives With Regard To Chemical Dependency, Samantha Jo Pieters
Familial Perspectives With Regard To Chemical Dependency, Samantha Jo Pieters
Graduate Research Papers
Recent literature supports the belief that alcoholism has adverse effects on family systems. It is the intention of this paper to illustrate what role alcohol plays in family systems, and how family members react to this disease. This review of literature has a second purpose which is to discuss how family therapists propose to treat chemical dependency.
Anger In Children, Judith L. Phillips
Anger In Children, Judith L. Phillips
Graduate Research Papers
In working with a variety of children, in blended families, with relationship problems, with grief issues, from dysfunctional families, and others, this writer recognized that many of these children were angry or were dealing with anger in some way. Omizo, Hershberger and Omizo (1988) confirm this awareness when they stated: "Children are seldom provided with a means of coping with angry feelings" (p. 241).
The Importance Of School Climate To An Administrator, Steven Dwight Schulz
The Importance Of School Climate To An Administrator, Steven Dwight Schulz
Graduate Research Papers
Researchers throughout the country have been writing about school climate quite frequently over the past ten years. A great emphasis has been placed on the importance of school climate for making schools effective. Gottfredson and Hol llfield, (1988) believe school climate, like the climate of any other organization, determines whether the school can achieve excellence or will flounder ineffectively. A school with high levels of disorder, low morale, and poor cooperation between teachers and administrators cannot be a good place to learn or teach. And such a school is bound to have a poor public image.
Multiple Roles In Women's Career Decisions, Marilyn J. Purlee Smith
Multiple Roles In Women's Career Decisions, Marilyn J. Purlee Smith
Graduate Research Papers
From the fairly rigid sex roles of the 1950s, women now face changing, varied and often contradictory role expectations (Evans, 1985). Not only is the mix of family and work roles greater than in the past, but tasks once considered exclusively men's are now open to women; therefore, women have more options than men. The problem is not whether women are to combine marriage and motherhood with work or career, but how they are to do so (Chickering, 1981).
Issues In The Education Of Four-Year-Olds, Allyn R. Stocks
Issues In The Education Of Four-Year-Olds, Allyn R. Stocks
Graduate Research Papers
In an attempt to examine the recent movement toward enrolling four-year-old children in academic programs, the need arises to consider the research base for early intervention. There have also been significant social, economic, and political forces that have guided this movement.
Anorexia Nervosa And Bulimia At The Secondary School Level, Blair T. Thielen
Anorexia Nervosa And Bulimia At The Secondary School Level, Blair T. Thielen
Graduate Research Papers
The eating disorders of anorexia nervosa and bulimia have not been just recently documented; in fact, anorexia nervosa has been recognized in medical literature for centuries, as references were made by Morton (1694), Gull (1874) and Laseque (1873), and bulimia has been recognized 1 by that term for the last few decades (Peters, Butterfield, Swassing, & McKay, 1984). It has been in recent years, however, that these eating disorders have received considerable attention in literature and research. Partially responsible for this relatively new-found prominence is the large number of young adolescents who are involved.
Counseling Battered Women, Dorothy A. Turner
Counseling Battered Women, Dorothy A. Turner
Graduate Research Papers
Violence against women by men is not a new problem. Certain cultures have encouraged it; others have regulated it. English common law, after which American laws are patterned, gave husbands the right to chastise their wives. The ''rule of thumb" referred to the right of a husband to beat his wife with a stick "no thicker than his thumb" (Martin, 1983, p.46). Most states adopted this policy, acknowledging wife beating as acceptable, up to a point. This attitude was best summed up by an old North Carolina court ruling that stated, "unless some permanent injury be inflicted or there be …
The Learning Disabled Student In Postsecondary Institutions: An Overview, Gail Ellen West
The Learning Disabled Student In Postsecondary Institutions: An Overview, Gail Ellen West
Graduate Research Papers
Historically, the focus on the learning disabled has been at the elementary and, more recently, the secondary school level. However, since the influx of so many students into postsecondary institutions, the emphasis is changing. Vogel (1982) stated that the number of programs for the learning disabled in higher education has grown significantly during the '80s as a response to concerns from learning disabled students, their parents, and professionals, and from the passage of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. However, the number of postsecondary schools offering adequate educational and support programs to learning disabled students is still small.
Victim Or Villain? The Mother In The Incestuous Family, Jenean C. Wolterman
Victim Or Villain? The Mother In The Incestuous Family, Jenean C. Wolterman
Graduate Research Papers
"To call incest an epidemic is to understate the case" (Crewdson, p.83). The National Center for Child Abuse and Neglect estimates that 100,000 or more children are victims of incest each year. Other estimates run as high as 360,000 children per year (Ledray, 1984). Susan Forward (1978) believes that 30% of the general population, 10-20 million female Americans, are incest victims. Seventy-five to eighty-five percent of these victims were involved in father-daughter incest. Other authorities guess that 7.4-40% of all families with daughters are involved in incest (Forward, 1978). As shocking as these statistics sound, it is estimated that 50-90% …
Children Of Alcoholics: Intervention Strategies For The School Counselor, Lois Stuedmann Youngblut
Children Of Alcoholics: Intervention Strategies For The School Counselor, Lois Stuedmann Youngblut
Graduate Research Papers
An estimated 15 million children are being raised in alcoholic homes in the United States today (Black, 1981). "Parental alcoholism is a form of psychological maltreatment of children" (Tharinger & Koranek, 1988, p. 166). Black (1981) stated that the words which describe living in an alcoholic family are inconsistency and unpredictability. The rules in alcoholic families are described as "inhuman, rigid, and designed to keep the system closed" (Wegscheider, 1981, p. 81). The family rules are Don't Talk, Don't Trust, and Don't Feel (Black, 1981).
Professional Training Of Library Media Personnel And The Effect On Students' Library/Research Skills, Roger A. Hop
Professional Training Of Library Media Personnel And The Effect On Students' Library/Research Skills, Roger A. Hop
Graduate Research Papers
We are in the midst of an era in which school systems are, out of necessity, being guided by constricting principles based on tightened budgets and increased demands for accountability. Federal and state funding of education have decreased during the last decade, general inflation and salaries have continued to rise from year to year, and the public's demands for more efficient and effective use of funds have grown louder. As a result, school programs have been evolving through an era of ever increasing critical evaluation; school boards and administrators have been searching for additional means to reduce expenses in ways …
The Role Of Communication In The Organizational Change Process, Marilyn R. Hibbs
The Role Of Communication In The Organizational Change Process, Marilyn R. Hibbs
Graduate Research Papers
There is a common saying that change is one of the most certain things in life. While the saying may seem trite, it is even more applicable today than ever before. Alvin Toffler, in his book The Third Wave (1980), examines the factor of change in today's world, and points out the implications of the Information Age: The world that is fast emerging from the clash of new values and technologies, new geopolitical relationships, new life-styles and modes of communication, demands wholly new ideas and analogies, classifications and concepts. We cannot cram the embryonic world of tomorrow into yesterday's conventional …
An Analysis Of Computational Errors In The Use Of The Division Algorithm In The Fourth Grade, Teri Sue Rokusek
An Analysis Of Computational Errors In The Use Of The Division Algorithm In The Fourth Grade, Teri Sue Rokusek
Graduate Research Papers
Division i s considered by many teachers to be one of the most difficult skills in an elementary school mathematics curriculum (Holland, 1942). This study explored the first step of diagnostic teaching in division; identifying errors made by students. The study was specifically tailored to fourth grade students and their use of the division algorithm on the set of whole numbers. Research has shown that in the case of systematic errors, the child will continue to use the algorithm incorrectly if not corrected (Cox , 1974). Grossnickle (1936) concluded "Almost 60% of the total number of errors which will impede …
Acceleration As A Qualitatively Differentiated Educational Program For The Highly Gifted Learner: Its Positive And Negative Effects, Jann Weitzel
Graduate Research Papers
The provision of special educational opportunities for the most gifted members of our society is not a new idea. As early as the Fourth Century, B.C., Plato remarked in his Republic that society's task was "to compel the best natures" to provide education in order to ensure the survival of Greek democracy. The common good would best be served, he felt, by providing educational advantages for the most distinguished learners in order for them to eventually assume leadership positions. Such a desire for the optimum development of gifted potential has been an underlying reason for the return of the pendulum …
The Negative Effects Of Labeling On Intellectually Identified Gifted Children And Suggested Strategies For Alleviation, Paula A. Swalla
The Negative Effects Of Labeling On Intellectually Identified Gifted Children And Suggested Strategies For Alleviation, Paula A. Swalla
Graduate Research Papers
Concern over special education labels has existed for more than twenty years. Labeling has been found to have both positive and negative effects on those labeled as gifted. This paper reviews the research on the negative effects of labeling a child gifted and suggested strategies to alleviate these negative effects. Research indicates that the label gifted has more positive than negative effects on the majority of children labeled; however, the research also identifies a number of adverse consequences which merit consideration and possible alleviation.
Fostering Children's Comprehension Abilities Through Story Retelling, Beverly Graves
Fostering Children's Comprehension Abilities Through Story Retelling, Beverly Graves
Graduate Research Papers
Children's involvement in whole units of language can facilitate opportunities to create meaning and to interact with others, therefore strengthening thinking and language abilities (Goodman, 1986). Parents and teachers can become facilitators of whole language by offering children many opportunities to hear stories. Trelease (1982) describes how children who hear many stories develop a strong motivation for reading, learn that reading can be enjoyable, and discover that reading and writing are "sense-making" experiences instead of activities dealing with language fragments as offered in many workbook pages and worksheets.
Culture And Communication In China, Wu Rui
Culture And Communication In China, Wu Rui
Graduate Research Papers
For half a century, a major change in China has been communication, the fundamental social process by which information is shared, sentiments are expressed, and human relations are maintained. Communication is not treated merely as a stimulus or as a change agent, that brings about effects in terms of specific individual response. Rather, communication is conceptualized as the basic social process, encompassing an intricate entirety of verbal or nonverbal stimulus and response, the patterns of which change dynamically and concomitantly with changes in the social structure.
Home Schooling: Why Some Parents Of Gifted Children Are Choosing It As An Alternative To The Public School, Patricia C. Seamans
Home Schooling: Why Some Parents Of Gifted Children Are Choosing It As An Alternative To The Public School, Patricia C. Seamans
Graduate Research Papers
Home schooling and special programs for gifted children emerged as separate issues in the late 1970s and 1980s. Naisbitt (1982) identifies home schooling as one of the examples of the megatrend away from institutional help and toward self help ln the 80s. A sign of educators' interest in the topic is noted by the fact that 85% of the research done concerning the success of home schooling has been done in the 1980s. Meanwhile, by their own choice or by state mandate, many public schools have implemented programs to serve the gifted in their district. Ignorance of the facts about …
The Use Of Video Technology In Health Care, Shari L. Scoggin
The Use Of Video Technology In Health Care, Shari L. Scoggin
Graduate Research Papers
In 1947, at Johns Hopkins Medical School, the first recorded use of television in medical education took place. Five surgical procedures were viewed via television by those physicians and health professionals attending a meeting of the local medical and surgical associations. Seven hundred fifty participants watched a fuzzy black-and-white picture and heard the surgeon explain his technique as he worked. (Van Son, 1982, p. v)
Children Of Divorce: Educational Interventions, Carolyn L. H. Stephenson
Children Of Divorce: Educational Interventions, Carolyn L. H. Stephenson
Graduate Research Papers
The purpose of this study is to 1) identify developmental responses to divorce, 2) identify the changes in life style and family functioning caused by divorce, and 3) identify how educators can effectively intervene when appropriate. This paper relates the developmental responses of children to divorce from preschool age through adolescence as reviewed in the longintudinal studies of Judith Wallerstein and colleagues, and other studies and articles. The review of literature, as it relates divorce to the effect on children's academic progress, highlights the lack of studies with this focus and the need for further research in the area.
Extending The Literature Base Of A Social Studies Unit Through Folk Literature, Jerry Heck
Extending The Literature Base Of A Social Studies Unit Through Folk Literature, Jerry Heck
Graduate Research Papers
For thousands of years humans have tried to explain themselves and their world. What made lightning flash? Where did the wind come from? Who made the first humans? Why are people different? Today there are conclusions from scientific studies to answer these questions. In earlier times, people lacked the research tools to study their world, so they created stories to pursue meaning. These stories were told and retold taking their form from the common human need to explain their existence. As a result, a body of oral literature, known as folk literature, evolved.
Peer Editing In Upper Elementary Classrooms, Janice Kittelson
Peer Editing In Upper Elementary Classrooms, Janice Kittelson
Graduate Research Papers
The purpose of this study was to determine teachers' perceptions of peer editing in upper elementary classrooms. Semi-structured interviews were the central focus of this study. Six teachers participated in the study. Two taught fourth grade, two taught fifth grade, and two taught sixth grade. Each teacher was interviewed twice. In the first round of interviews, open-ended questions were asked of the teachers. In the second round of interviews, teachers were asked to elaborate or clarify selected responses to initial questions and were asked to comment on the preliminary findings from the first round of interviews. This study produced seven …
Toward A Whole Language Approach In A Middle School Classroom, Shirley A. Kirby
Toward A Whole Language Approach In A Middle School Classroom, Shirley A. Kirby
Graduate Research Papers
"I like reading. I just don't like reading class." How many middle school reading teachers have heard these thoughts expressed by students? If teachers become less enthusiastic each year as they plod through the basal, page by page, skill sheet by skill sheet, is it any wonder that students have trouble generating an interest in reading? Many students have a misconception of reading; they perceive reading as the basal text and the workbook that accompanies it. They have not discovered that reading is the process of constructing meaning from the printed page in order to gain knowledge and enjoyment.
Reading Aloud At Home: Supporting Chapter I Students' Reading Development, Joann Kruckenberg
Reading Aloud At Home: Supporting Chapter I Students' Reading Development, Joann Kruckenberg
Graduate Research Papers
The present condition of aliteracy in our country is a disturbing phenomenon. (The aliterate is defined as a person who can, but does not, read.) Functioning as a literate allows a person to enlarge and enrich one's experiences, to play productive roles in society, and to have contact with other minds in distant places and times (Heath, 1980).
Professional Status Of Talented And Gifted Education Teachers/Coordinators In The State Of Iowa, 1988-89, Janice Elaine Blockhus
Professional Status Of Talented And Gifted Education Teachers/Coordinators In The State Of Iowa, 1988-89, Janice Elaine Blockhus
Graduate Research Papers
Since 1983, when The National Commission on Excellence in Education (1984) presented its report, A Nation at Risk, educators in the United States have been involved in widespread reform to improve American public education. By 1987 the Commission reported that at least 40 states had increased the number of academic courses required for a high school diploma, 32 states had changed curriculum standards, and 23 states had taken steps to increase the time that students spend in learning. Mitchell (1986) reported a 350% increase in state funding of programs for gifted students since 1977, and Cross (1987) stated that 50 …
From Creation To Production Of A Printed Piece, Tuan A. Dao
From Creation To Production Of A Printed Piece, Tuan A. Dao
Graduate Research Papers
If you are not a graphic designer, you probably do not realize what goes into the creation of the pages of the magazine you are reading. From complex jobs, such as putting together a magazine, to simple layouts, like a one page newsletter, there are several stages through which a project will pass as it moves from the designer's idea to the printed piece in graphic production. A knowledge of type styles, effective arrangement of illustration and text matter, drafting techniques, and today's new technology equipment is essential to managing the production of printed materials. This investigation is confined to …
Aids And Dementia, Mari Lagerstrom
Aids And Dementia, Mari Lagerstrom
Graduate Research Papers
The origin of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is unknown. AIDS was first recognized in the United States in 1981. Since 1981, AIDS has spread rapidly throughout the country. Initially, cases of AIDS were confined to New York, San Francisco and Los Angeles (Harris County Medical Society, 1987). AIDS is a disease caused by a virus that destroys an individual's defenses against infections (United States Department of Education, 1987). It is essentially a disease of the immune system (Check, 1988). The AIDS virus, known as Human Immunodeficiency Virus, or HIV can so weaken an individual's immune system that he or …
Extending The Literature Base Of A Basal Reader Program, Nancy M. Johnson
Extending The Literature Base Of A Basal Reader Program, Nancy M. Johnson
Graduate Research Papers
By expanding the literature base of basal reader programs through support from the different genres, teachers can meet the personal-social needs of their students and can attain the instructional goals of fostering literacy, developing positive reading attitudes, and encouraging life-long reading interests (Huck et al., 1987).
The Relationship Between Juvenile Delinquents' Behaviors And Irrational Beliefs, Jimmy Susan Binns Ramsey
The Relationship Between Juvenile Delinquents' Behaviors And Irrational Beliefs, Jimmy Susan Binns Ramsey
Graduate Research Papers
The use of adolescent aggression has been documented as being increasingly problematic (Faretra, 1981; Marohn, 1982; Short & Simeonsson, 1986). Violence in the schools has increased at a rate of sixty per cent in a five year period from 1971 to 1975 (Short & Simeonsson, 1986). A relationship has been found to exist between juvenile delinquents' use of aggressive behaviors and their use of irrational beliefs and emotional reasoning (Bandura, 1977; Ellis, 1977a, 1983; Burns, 1981). Irrational beliefs are idealized concepts or beliefs to which the user subscribes, and are based on the individual's emotional state rather than on factual …