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Full-Text Articles in Education

The Lack Of And Discouragement Of Certified And Intended Music Educators Due To The State Of Louisiana Teacher Certification Requirements, Kendall James Damond May 2024

The Lack Of And Discouragement Of Certified And Intended Music Educators Due To The State Of Louisiana Teacher Certification Requirements, Kendall James Damond

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Current trends in today’s secondary education level lean towards a shortage of certified teachers and educators in all subject areas. As public and private school administrations devise new incentives and plan to recruit individuals to the field of education, preservice educator requirements and university curriculum demands continue to discourage and prevent aspiring educators from not only becoming fully certified but also continuing the journey of the teacher preparation and certification process. This qualitative research study will focus on Louisiana’s music teacher certification preparation practices within its universities and the effects of failure to successfully pass the Praxis II: Music Content …


A Qualitative Descriptive Study Of Enrollment And Retention Trends In Mid-Sized Pennsylvania Rural Band Programs, Adam Brian Nobile May 2024

A Qualitative Descriptive Study Of Enrollment And Retention Trends In Mid-Sized Pennsylvania Rural Band Programs, Adam Brian Nobile

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Despite many differences across Pennsylvania's rural school districts, band programs face similar recruitment, retention, and matriculation challenges. Rural school districts in Pennsylvania account for 235 of the 499 school districts in Pennsylvania while educating less than 20 percent of the student population in the state. In addition, rural districts often lack the community infrastructure many urban and suburban school districts possess, creating a unique set of circumstances affecting all aspects of programming, including band programs. While rural communities continue to experience a decline in enrollment, many have had, or currently have, successful band programs while overcoming many obstacles that affect …


The Perceptions Of Principals, English Language Arts Teachers, And Librarians Regarding The Role Of School Librarians In Their Schools Being Identified As National Blue Ribbon Award Winning Exemplary Achievement Gap-Closing Schools: A Qualitative Case Study, Beth Mcguire May 2024

The Perceptions Of Principals, English Language Arts Teachers, And Librarians Regarding The Role Of School Librarians In Their Schools Being Identified As National Blue Ribbon Award Winning Exemplary Achievement Gap-Closing Schools: A Qualitative Case Study, Beth Mcguire

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this case study was to discover the perceptions of the role and programs in school libraries that support academic achievement in the school community for educational professionals at National Blue Ribbon Schools in the United States. Perceptions regarding the role of school librarianship surrounding academic achievement were explored from four National Blue Ribbon Schools locations during 2022 and 2023 in kindergarten through Grade 12. The theory guiding this study was Bandura’s self-efficacy theory. The central research question was: How did educational professional self-efficacy influence the implementation of school library programs during the attainment of the National Blue …


Change For The Better? An Examination Of How Technology-Based Instruction During Covid-19 Changed Teaching Methods In Band, An'cheyl Davis May 2024

Change For The Better? An Examination Of How Technology-Based Instruction During Covid-19 Changed Teaching Methods In Band, An'cheyl Davis

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Despite having access to such technologies, most music educators were not using online worksheets, playing exercises, or video questionnaires during daily instruction prior to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. For example, in the band world, the only daily use of technology may have been the metronome, as most band directors focus on playing exercises and literature during class. Band classes are “hands-on” and performance-based. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, band directors had to transition from traditional teaching to teaching band online quickly. To combat the rapid spread of the coronavirus, schools in all fifty states and all U.S. …


Middle School Administrator And Instrumental Music Teacher Perceptions Of The Danielson Framework For Teaching Observation Tool, Kimberly Hunt Hirschmann May 2024

Middle School Administrator And Instrumental Music Teacher Perceptions Of The Danielson Framework For Teaching Observation Tool, Kimberly Hunt Hirschmann

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Despite continuous efforts to develop teacher observation and evaluation frameworks, one-size-fits-all evaluation tools may not be adequate for an instrumental music classroom. Since implementing the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) in 2015, teacher evaluation has shifted from a high-stakes accountability model to models focused on feedback and professional growth. One popular model is the Danielson Framework for Teaching (FFT), which is utilized across all disciplines, including music. The current study proposes to fill a gap in the literature regarding the utility of the FFT to contribute to teachers' professional growth. This transcendental phenomenological study examines the perceptions of middle school …


Multiple Perspectives Examining How A High School Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps (Jrotc) Program Affects Student Development: A Case Study, Kurt Duane Barry May 2024

Multiple Perspectives Examining How A High School Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps (Jrotc) Program Affects Student Development: A Case Study, Kurt Duane Barry

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this case study was to examine how a high school’s Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps (JROTC) program affects student development of their personal responsibility and a sense of accomplishment by fusing the perspectives of the school administrators, JROTC instructors, and school guidance counselors for a more holistic view. The theories guiding this study are Abraham Maslow’s theory of motivation and Albert Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy, which relate to secondary student development for cadets in the JROTC program. The central research question focused on the benefits of a school’s JROTC program to the cadets enrolled. The research setting …


Inclusive Classroom Setting For High School Students With Emotional Behavior Disorders: A Phenomenological Study Of Educators' Experiences, Marvin Marshall May 2024

Inclusive Classroom Setting For High School Students With Emotional Behavior Disorders: A Phenomenological Study Of Educators' Experiences, Marvin Marshall

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological study was to understand the experiences of public high school teachers educating students with emotional behavior disorders (EBDs) in the inclusive classroom setting in the Major County School District. The theory guiding this study was Ryan and Deci’s self-determination theory (SDT). SDT was applied to this study to understand the autonomy, competence, and relatedness experiences of teachers. Hermeneutics, meaning interpretive or explanatory, was the application of phenomenological design that was used for this study. This approach focused on the commonality of lived experiences that lay beneath surface awareness which is an interpretive process …


A Phenomenological Study Of The Lived Experiences Of Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities And Their Participation In Postsecondary Job Training Programs: A Qualitative Study, Jami Vickers Granberry May 2024

A Phenomenological Study Of The Lived Experiences Of Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities And Their Participation In Postsecondary Job Training Programs: A Qualitative Study, Jami Vickers Granberry

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to describe the lived experiences of individuals with intellectual disabilities in an inclusive postsecondary education program. The theories that guided this study are Oliver’s theory on the social model of disability and Vygotsky’s theory of social constructivism. This study used a transcendental research design and employed the use of purposeful sampling to select participants who have all experienced the same phenomenon. There were 10 participants who have all had the same experience of attending an inclusive postsecondary education program. The setting took place at P.C.C. in the C.A. program. The central research …


The Essence Of Christian Paideia For Career Classical Christian Educators: A Hermeneutic Phenomenology, Binnie J. King May 2024

The Essence Of Christian Paideia For Career Classical Christian Educators: A Hermeneutic Phenomenology, Binnie J. King

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenology was to discover the essence of Christian paideia for career classical Christian educators who make daily curricular decisions at a classical Christian online academy that serves a 2nd-12th grade international student body. A qualitative research design was used to gather data on the experiences of classical Christian educational practitioners when making curricular decisions. The theory that guided this study was Mezirow’s transformational learning theory (TLT), as all manner of teaching and learning attempts transformation to a higher ideal. A hermeneutic phenomenology was employed through the interpretive framework of critical realism to discover the essence …


Representation Matters: The Importance Of Black, Indigenous, And People Of Color (Bipoc) Students Identifying With Academic Advisors, Temeshia N. Lemons May 2024

Representation Matters: The Importance Of Black, Indigenous, And People Of Color (Bipoc) Students Identifying With Academic Advisors, Temeshia N. Lemons

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenological study was to describe the underdeveloped identifiable relationships with assigned academic advisors for students who identify as Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) at a public higher education institution. The theory guiding this study was the relational cultural theory (RCT), as it assisted with understanding the importance of BIPOC students developing identifiable relationships with assigned academic advisors. This study's central research question asked, "What are the experiences of BIPOC students building positive relationships with assigned academic advisors?" A qualitative research design was chosen for this study to explore further the experiences shared among …


Recommendations For Solving The Problem Of Low Teacher Retention For Houston Independent School District In Houston, Texas, Jordyn L. Jarrett May 2024

Recommendations For Solving The Problem Of Low Teacher Retention For Houston Independent School District In Houston, Texas, Jordyn L. Jarrett

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this study was to provide recommendations to solve the problem of low teacher retention for the Houston Independent School District (HISD) in Houston, Texas. The problem was that 25% of teachers resigned from HISD (Carpenter, 2019). This makes the teacher retention rate for HISD the lowest among Houston-area school districts at only 75%. The rationale for the research was by improving the teacher retention rate, the area teacher shortage will decrease. Additionally, students in the district will be provided with qualified teachers and equitable learning opportunities. This may improve student achievement on state mandated testing. Furthermore, maintaining …


A Basis For Removal Or Retention Of Black Folk Songs In Music Education According To Black Americans In The Music Community, Ashley Yarbrough May 2024

A Basis For Removal Or Retention Of Black Folk Songs In Music Education According To Black Americans In The Music Community, Ashley Yarbrough

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Despite the contribution of a large body of musical literature by Black Americans from the late nineteenth century forward, few musical contributions of Black American slaves have been properly attributed from the centuries prior, and many were credited to White Americans. In recent years, cultural sensitivities and misinterpretations toward the early music of Black Americans have created a movement to remove many of these songs from circulation and in particular, music education repertoire. In this study, the folk music created by Black Americans from the seventeenth through the nineteenth century was explored in order to determine the motivational factors according …


A Multi-Site Case Study Examing How Iep Teams Determine The Least Restrictive Placement For Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder At The Elementary School Level, Jennifer J. Hull May 2024

A Multi-Site Case Study Examing How Iep Teams Determine The Least Restrictive Placement For Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder At The Elementary School Level, Jennifer J. Hull

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this qualitative, descriptive, multi-site case study was to determine the criteria individualized education program (IEP) teams used to find the least restrictive environment (LRE) placement for a student with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at the elementary school level. The theoretical framework of this study was Maslow’s theory of human motivation, which described a hierarchy that should be in place for students to be ready to learn. Knowles’s adult learning theory also guided this study as it described how the adults’ experience shaped their decision-making. I collected data through direct observations, interviews, and focus groups. Utilizing a purposeful …


Challenges To Musical And Organizational Growth In Small Rural Community High School Instrumental Music Programs In Georgia, William Kenneth Garrett May 2024

Challenges To Musical And Organizational Growth In Small Rural Community High School Instrumental Music Programs In Georgia, William Kenneth Garrett

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Rural school instrumental programs are commonly categorized as small and struggling. Teaching in these programs is often considered a stepping-stone for music educators. Despite common challenges such as limited or less educated staff, underdeveloped musicians, and a lack of resources, some rural programs have found inventive solutions to combat the obstacles of rural schools and grow successful band programs. There is a need to address the obstacles of being a high school band director whose program is growing or needs to improve regarding student participation and musicianship in this setting. This qualitative research study seeks to uncover similar challenges current …


A Phenomenological Study Of The Self-Efficacy Of Elementary Reading Specialists To Address The Mental Health Needs Of Students, Virginia Mckinney Shank May 2024

A Phenomenological Study Of The Self-Efficacy Of Elementary Reading Specialists To Address The Mental Health Needs Of Students, Virginia Mckinney Shank

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to explore the self-efficacy and lived experiences of reading specialists who teach struggling readers with mental health needs. The construct of self-efficacy and Bandura’s social cognitive theory provided the theoretical framework for the central research question and three sub-questions: (a) What are literacy specialists' lived experiences and self-efficacy in instructing elementary students with mental health needs? (b) What instructional experiences and strategies do literacy specialists describe as contributing to low feelings of self-efficacy for helping struggling readers with mental health needs? (c) What instructional experiences and strategies do literacy specialists describe as …


Addressing The Effects Of Special Education Staff Burnout In Behavioral Placement Schools: A Case Study, Katherine Taylor May 2024

Addressing The Effects Of Special Education Staff Burnout In Behavioral Placement Schools: A Case Study, Katherine Taylor

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this single instrumental case study was to understand the decreased self-efficacy that leads to burnout for special education staff in a Transitional Unit school in the suburbs of the Rust Belt. The theory guiding this study was Albert Bandura’s self-efficacy theory as it relates to the relationship between special education staff in behavioral placement schools and burnout experienced throughout their tenure due to work demands and interactions from professional and personal relationships. The single instrumental case study was chosen to analyze the lives of staff members at Ohio Vale School and their experiences with burnout. The central …


The Impact Of Guided Doodle Note-Taking On Reading Comprehension: A Quasi-Experimental Study, Kayla L. Dewald May 2024

The Impact Of Guided Doodle Note-Taking On Reading Comprehension: A Quasi-Experimental Study, Kayla L. Dewald

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this quasi-experimental nonequivalent control-group study is to determine the impact of guided doodle note-taking strategies on middle school students’ reading comprehension. The importance of this study is the impact the data makes on the best practices of teacher instruction. The sample size is 101 students set in a city district in the Southeast United States. The students vary in socioeconomic levels, with many of them falling below the poverty line and representing a wide variety of ethnicities and races. Data was collected using pre- and post-test practices. The instrument utilized was the Reading Comprehension Scale. Data were …


Experiences Of Teachers Who Have Taught Physical Education Remotely: A Qualitative Study, Danielle Causer Brabston May 2024

Experiences Of Teachers Who Have Taught Physical Education Remotely: A Qualitative Study, Danielle Causer Brabston

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to understand and describe the essence of the experiences of teachers who have taught physical education remotely. The problem is physical education is a core curriculum subject that is designed for in-person instruction and is not easily adaptable to an online setting. The central research question that this study sought to address was what are the experiences of K-12 physical education teachers who taught P.E. remotely? The theory guiding of this study is Dabrowski’s theory of positive disintegration as it details how people can adapt and adjust in response to stressful situations …


Teachers’ Lived Experiences Nurturing The Development Of Self-Regulated Learning To Address Academic Outcomes For High School Students With Low Reading Achievement: A Phenomenological Study, Kimberly Mazie Wilson May 2024

Teachers’ Lived Experiences Nurturing The Development Of Self-Regulated Learning To Address Academic Outcomes For High School Students With Low Reading Achievement: A Phenomenological Study, Kimberly Mazie Wilson

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to examine teachers’ lived experiences nurturing the development of self-regulated learning to address academic outcomes for high school students with low reading achievement. The two conceptual frameworks that guided this study were Zimmerman’s self-regulated learning, derived from Bandura’s social cognitive theory, and Duke and Cartwright’s active view of reading. These frameworks both provided contributing factors of self-regulatory skills for improved learning and reading outcomes. The research method used for this study was qualitative, and the design was transcendental phenomenology. Using the qualitative method gave a voice to the participants’ lived experiences. It …


Perspectives Of High School Orchestra Teachers In Urban And Suburban Settings In Using Social-Emotional Learning Techniques, Dale A. Kokot May 2024

Perspectives Of High School Orchestra Teachers In Urban And Suburban Settings In Using Social-Emotional Learning Techniques, Dale A. Kokot

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

A need exists for more literature concerning high school orchestras in an urban setting versus a suburban neighborhood and the different styles of social-emotional learning strategies implemented in each. Universities and other professional development specialists now teach teachers social-emotional learning procedures and processes. However, these specialists often must provide orchestra directors with more specific skills. There also should be more differentiated instruction for high school orchestras in an urban setting versus what school corporations require of teachers in a suburban-specific area. Teachers must identify the demographics of where and to whom they teach and tailor lesson plans and social-emotional techniques …


Empowerment And Advocacy Culture Within Higher Education For Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: A Qualitative Case Study, Rachel R. Kovach May 2024

Empowerment And Advocacy Culture Within Higher Education For Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: A Qualitative Case Study, Rachel R. Kovach

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this case study was to understand the impact that advocacy and empowerment practices have on the intellectual disabilities community in academic and social constructs for students within community colleges and disability programs on the West Coast of California. The theories that served as the foundation of this study are intergroup contact theory and empowerment theory. Intergroup contact theory assures that the acceptance of societal norms and expectations must be agreed upon and embraced by all within a subpopulation for cultures to adapt and advance. Empowerment theory states that a fundamental goal during moments of progress and struggle …


A Phenomenological Study Of Psychological Experience In The Mental Health Crisis Of Korean American Christian Older Adolescents, Munmi Son May 2024

A Phenomenological Study Of Psychological Experience In The Mental Health Crisis Of Korean American Christian Older Adolescents, Munmi Son

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this phenomenological study is to understand the experience of psychological distress witnessed in the mental health crisis of Korean American Christian adolescents. Korean adolescents are at increased risk of attempting suicide. Therefore, it is important to understand the phenomenon and psychological experience of mental health problems among Korean Christian adolescents. This study explores Korean-American cultural characteristics and the psychology of access to mental health services by these adolescents with mental health concerns. The design of this study is an interpretative qualitative study and includes open semi-structured interviews and observations for data collection. This study identifies the distinctiveness …


Virtual Coaching, Self-Directed Learning, And The Implementation Of Evidence-Based Practices: A Single Qualitative Case Study, Elisabeth Myers May 2024

Virtual Coaching, Self-Directed Learning, And The Implementation Of Evidence-Based Practices: A Single Qualitative Case Study, Elisabeth Myers

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this single instrumental case study was to understand how a virtual coaching program provides opportunities for self-directed learning during the implementation of evidence-based practices for adults at Navigator Coaching. The theory guiding this study was Deci and Ryan’s self-determination theory as conceptualizations of self-directed learning described in the literature mirror descriptions of self-determination. The central research question was: How does a virtual coaching program provide opportunities for self-directed learning during the implementation of evidence-based practices? As a single instrumental case, the setting for this study was one virtual life-coaching program in North America. The sample of participants …


A Phenomenological Study Exploring Secondary School Counselors’ Perceptions Of Implementing Social And Emotional Learning (Sel) Within Their School Setting, Rhonda Lindsey May 2024

A Phenomenological Study Exploring Secondary School Counselors’ Perceptions Of Implementing Social And Emotional Learning (Sel) Within Their School Setting, Rhonda Lindsey

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Social and emotional learning (SEL) has become a standard practice in public education due to the many social and mental health challenges faced by young people. Teachers have been directed to incorporate SEL lessons daily, which sometimes can be a challenge to facilitate when having to teach core instruction. However, secondary school counselors are trained to facilitate SEL as part of their comprehensive school counseling programs and the American School Counseling Association (ASCA) national model. Unfortunately, they experience challenges with facilitation. The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological qualitative study was to analyze the lived experiences of secondary school counselors’ implementation …


K-12 Teachers’ Experience With Professional Development On Implementing Intervention For Cognitive Reading Disorders And Dyslexia: A Qualitative Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study, Rosemary Balestieri May 2024

K-12 Teachers’ Experience With Professional Development On Implementing Intervention For Cognitive Reading Disorders And Dyslexia: A Qualitative Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study, Rosemary Balestieri

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this phenomenological study is to understand the experiences of the 10 K-12 teacher participants who may implement instruction and interventions for students who struggle with cognitive reading disorders and dyslexia. Instruction for intervention of cognitive reading disorders at the K-12 education level was generally defined as the multisensory approach more commonly found in schools. Instructional methods of 10 teachers at the K-12 education level for cognitive reading disorders was explored by implementing the central research question (CRQ), “What are the experiences of K-12 teachers who receive professional development to provide cognitive reading instruction with interventions specific to …


The Experience Of University Academics With Emergency Remote Teaching During The Covid-19 Pandemic Of 2020: A Phenomenological Study, Judith M. Peterson May 2024

The Experience Of University Academics With Emergency Remote Teaching During The Covid-19 Pandemic Of 2020: A Phenomenological Study, Judith M. Peterson

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to explore the experiences of academics at the university level with emergency remote teaching during the 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic. The theory guiding this study was Milheim, K. L. (2012) application of Maslow, A. H. (1943) hierarchy of needs. The central research question was: How did academics at the university level experience transitioning their course and teaching online during emergency remote teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020-2021? Eleven lecture academics were selected from six universities from the University of Wisconsin System who transitioned their residence courses to online during the pandemic. I …


Special Education Teacher Perspective On Implementation Of Assistive Technology Among Students With High-Incidence Disabilities, Olga Volkov May 2024

Special Education Teacher Perspective On Implementation Of Assistive Technology Among Students With High-Incidence Disabilities, Olga Volkov

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenological study was to describe the experiences of implementing assistive technology with students who have high-incidence disabilities for special education teachers at a large school district. The theory guiding this study was Bandura’s self-efficacy theory. Self-efficacy is one’s belief in one’s capabilities to organize a course of action to achieve a desired outcome. Self-efficacy determines how individuals think, behave, and self-motivate. Previous studies that investigated technology utilization in schools found that teachers’ self-efficacy is one of the key factors in determining and predicting technology integration. The study employed hermeneutic phenomenology as its research methodology. A …


A Phenomenological Study On The Experiences Of English As A Second Language Adjuncts, Dawn Annette Bell May 2024

A Phenomenological Study On The Experiences Of English As A Second Language Adjuncts, Dawn Annette Bell

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenological study was to describe the experiences of adjunct English as a second language (ESL) teachers in a collegiate setting in the Southwestern United States. The central research question was: What are the experiences of adjunct ESL instructors in higher education settings? The sub-questions explored the adjuncts’ experiences with students, colleagues, and the institution. Purposeful criterion sampling was used to secure 14 participants. The setting was a community college in the Southwestern United States. The theory guiding this study was the social exchange theory (SET) since the study described teacher experiences related to students, colleagues, …


Predictive Correlation Between Leader Self-Efficacy, Emotional Intelligence, Years Of Experience, And Transformational Leadership Of Physician Assistant Program Directors, Violet A. Kulo May 2024

Predictive Correlation Between Leader Self-Efficacy, Emotional Intelligence, Years Of Experience, And Transformational Leadership Of Physician Assistant Program Directors, Violet A. Kulo

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this quantitative, predictive correlational study was to investigate the relationship between leader self-efficacy, emotional intelligence, years of experience, and transformational leadership practices of physician assistant (PA) program directors. This study is important in providing a greater understanding of the internal determinants and factors that influence the program directors’ beliefs in their success and effectiveness as leaders. Participants for this study included a sample of 86 PA program directors across the United States. Data were collected using the Leader Efficacy Questionnaire, Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, Leadership Practices Inventory, and a demographic questionnaire administered via a survey. …


University Student Success In Graduation: A Hermeneutic Phenomenology Of The “Aha” Moment, When A College Graduate Realized They Could Finish Their Degree, Justin M. Shannon May 2024

University Student Success In Graduation: A Hermeneutic Phenomenology Of The “Aha” Moment, When A College Graduate Realized They Could Finish Their Degree, Justin M. Shannon

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to discover the college graduate experience of a junior officer who decided to finish their bachelor’s degree despite any temptation to drop out of school; participants were selected from a midwestern military installation. The guiding theory of this study was Duckworth’s grit theory; the study related to her theory by examining participants’ passion and perseverance and their relation to the motivation in the context of choice to finish the goal of graduating from college and commissioning as an officer in the U.S. Army. This qualitative design used a hermeneutic phenomenological approach; data collection …