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UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

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Full-Text Articles in Education

Combining Positive Behavioral Intervention And Supports With Cultural Responsiveness: A Framework To Reduce Teachers’ Cultural Bias And Decrease Discipline Disproportionality Among Black Elementary Males, Jaymes Aimetti Aug 2022

Combining Positive Behavioral Intervention And Supports With Cultural Responsiveness: A Framework To Reduce Teachers’ Cultural Bias And Decrease Discipline Disproportionality Among Black Elementary Males, Jaymes Aimetti

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Throughout the United States and the world, public schools are becoming more culturally diverse. Therefore, teachers and school administrators need to build the foundation to clearly understand students and their families. In this study, three questions will be explored (1) How does professional development in cultural responsiveness affect teachers’ viewpoints in how they work with their Black elementary male students based on the CISA survey? (2) How are the number of Black elementary male students’ discipline incidents from the beginning of a school year changed after teachers receive culturally responsive professional development? (3) What will the CISA survey reveal on …


The Effects Of Coaching Provided Via Video-Conferencing To Caregivers Of Children With Asd, Kendra L. Antill Aug 2022

The Effects Of Coaching Provided Via Video-Conferencing To Caregivers Of Children With Asd, Kendra L. Antill

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The ability to communicate effectively to others is a pivotal skill necessary to get one’s needs and wants met; however, children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have significant delays in communication skills. Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices provide an alternative means for children with complex communication needs to express their needs and wants. Communication interventions involving AAC have been largely conducted in school and clinical settings, despite young children spending a significant amount of their time at home and in the community. Family involvement plays a critical role in improved outcomes for young children with disabilities. Recent shifts …


Pre-Service Teacher Perceptions Of Persistently Challenging Behaviors, Swpbis, Cico And Student-Teacher Relationships, Elizabeth Lynn Messina Aug 2022

Pre-Service Teacher Perceptions Of Persistently Challenging Behaviors, Swpbis, Cico And Student-Teacher Relationships, Elizabeth Lynn Messina

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Teacher perceptions of behaviors have a large impact on the quality of student-teacher relationships. Such relationships trickle down and affect academic and social-emotional-behavioral performance. With the wide prevalence of School-Wide Positive Behavioral and Intervention Support (SWPBIS), questions about why there is not a greater efficacy in improving relationships and related outcomes are being raised. While it is widely documented that teachers often have negative perceptions of children with Persistent Challenging Behaviors (PCBs), the origins of such perceptions are unknown. Additionally, the use of SWPBIS is also widely used (Sugai et al., 2008); however, knowledge of SWPBIS in such sufficiency as …


Student Choice During Silent Solitude: An Examination Of Reading Motivation In An Urban Elementary School, Elizabeth A. White Aug 2022

Student Choice During Silent Solitude: An Examination Of Reading Motivation In An Urban Elementary School, Elizabeth A. White

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

This study was designed to examine differences in students’ reading motivation based on the frequencies with which they choose to read over other options. A modified version of the Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ; Wigfield & Guthrie, 1997), using four of the eleven categories it was designed to assess including Challenge, Self- Efficacy, Reading Importance and Reading Curiosity. The students were also observed inside the classroom by their teaching staff and their choices were recorded on a Behavioral Analysis Checklist during a structured silent break in their day. The students also indicated whether they felt more confident in reading activities …


An Educational Intervention In The Emergency Department For Adults Experiencing Vaso-Occlusive Crisis, Chericka S. Reese-Martin May 2022

An Educational Intervention In The Emergency Department For Adults Experiencing Vaso-Occlusive Crisis, Chericka S. Reese-Martin

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Background: Sickle cell anemia, often referred to as sickle cell disease (SCD), is an inherited blood disorder that affects millions of people globally and affects more than 100,000 Americans, mostly of African or Hispanic descent. The SCD arises from a genetic defect that alters the structure of hemoglobin. The modified hemoglobin causes red blood cells (RBCs) to become stiff, sticky, and sickle shaped. These deformed RBCs block blood flow, cause severe pain, organ and joint damage and strokes. The sickled cells do not deliver oxygen to organs and tissues as healthy cells do, causing slow, inevitable damage over decades and …


An Integrative Variable And Person-Centered Approach To Representing Teachers' Self-Efficacy: A Cross-Cultural Perspective, Ana Paula Santos Loures Elias May 2022

An Integrative Variable And Person-Centered Approach To Representing Teachers' Self-Efficacy: A Cross-Cultural Perspective, Ana Paula Santos Loures Elias

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

There has been substantial scholarly attention given to teachers’ functioning over the past two decades. Much of this attention has been precipitated by accounts of increasing teacher burnout and attrition from the profession. Central to this scholarly focus has been the construct of teacher self-efficacy, which has been shown to be a predictor of important teacher outcomes. However, there remain several unresolved issues in the teacher self-efficacy literature that limit the utility of the construct for understanding teachers’ effective functioning. First, there is little clarity about the dimensional structure of teachers’ self-efficacy data. Second, little empirical work has been conducted …


Development Of Online Modules To Introduce Prospective Students To The Profession Of Occupational Therapy, Hosia Towery May 2022

Development Of Online Modules To Introduce Prospective Students To The Profession Of Occupational Therapy, Hosia Towery

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Prospective students interested in Occupational Therapy academic programs are subject to the admission criteria of each educational institution, including experiential learning, clinical observation hours, volunteer experiences, or similar prerequisites. There are no standardized criteria established for these prerequisite requirements b the accreditation agency, as it is within the scope of Higher Education. There is no accountability at the regional or local level to ensure educational opportunities for prospective students interested in higher education, creating a gap as highlighted in the recent global pandemic, where student access to education was further challenged. Students are reliant on a variable set of requirements …


Diurnal Regulation Of Exercise-Induced Myocardial Signaling And Transcription, Charli Aguilar May 2022

Diurnal Regulation Of Exercise-Induced Myocardial Signaling And Transcription, Charli Aguilar

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Introduction: Exercise is well known for its many benefits on the body and most notably the heart. Recent emphasis, and significant resources, have been dedicated to elucidating the molecular mechanisms through which exercise exerts its pluripotent beneficial effects on health and the prevention of disease. A continuous evolution in this field has sought to modulate and optimize exercise in various ways to maximize the benefits. In recent years, a growing appreciation for the impact of circadian rhythms has gained traction and their influence on many essential biological functions have been integrated into exercise physiology (i.e. - chrono-exercise), as well as …


Developing Vocal Agility Of Light Lyric Coloratura Soprano Voices Through The Neglected Repertoire Of French Opéra Comique, Valentine Baron May 2022

Developing Vocal Agility Of Light Lyric Coloratura Soprano Voices Through The Neglected Repertoire Of French Opéra Comique, Valentine Baron

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

This document explores light lyric coloratura soprano roles in the French opéra comique genre through an analysis of seven arias and their impact on the development of vocal agility. The opéra comique genre was popular at the beginning of the eighteenth century, but declined to disappear from the stage at the end of the nineteenth century. Despite the opéra comique’s influence on many other vocal genres, the genre is today neglected. Opportunities for singers to improve and practice challenging coloratura in this repertoire are limited. The two most famous arias from the genre which are the Doll Aria and Juliette’s …


Classroom Management Practices Appropriate To Children Of Military Families: A Case Study, Felicia Bucher May 2022

Classroom Management Practices Appropriate To Children Of Military Families: A Case Study, Felicia Bucher

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The purpose of this sociocultural study was to analyze the lived experiences of exemplary teachers who teach on a military base school. By teaching a lesser-known diverse group of students who are children of military families, the teachers in this study shared the sociocultural perspective of Vygotsky’s perezhivanie of the adjustment to how they approach classroom management and facilitate student learning despite the differences in teaching children of military families. The dissertation employed qualitative methodology using in-depth interviews with six teacher participants and a triangulation interview with the school principal. The findings are discussed in relation to classroom management strategies …


Exploring Teachers’ Beliefs And Practices On Mathematical Discourse For Diverse Students In Inclusive Classrooms, Gloria A. Carcoba Falomir May 2022

Exploring Teachers’ Beliefs And Practices On Mathematical Discourse For Diverse Students In Inclusive Classrooms, Gloria A. Carcoba Falomir

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The recent implementation of rigorous standards in mathematics education has required shifts in classroom practices. Standards-based instruction places large emphasis on students’ conceptual understanding, requiring them to demonstrate high cognitive levels of mastery of the content through communication of their mathematical reasoning. Teachers and students’ mathematical discursive practices in the classroom can lead to meaningful discussions that integrate students’ explanation, justification, and arguments of ideas or claims and understanding of the content. Research on teachers’ discursive practices has shown that (a) teacher talk tends to dominate classroom instruction and (b) classroom discourse lacks frequent opportunities for teacher-student and peer interactions. …


Improving Nurse Leaders’ Knowledge And Confidence In Transformational Leadership Skills In The Online Environment, Tanya Haight May 2022

Improving Nurse Leaders’ Knowledge And Confidence In Transformational Leadership Skills In The Online Environment, Tanya Haight

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Leadership is critical to the success of most organizations, and the achievement of an organization's goals is largely dependent on the leaders' ability to engage, motivate, and influence their teams—often referred to as Transformational Leadership. This is especially true for healthcare organizations wherein the morbidity and mortality of patients may be affected by the quality of leadership. At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, in-person meetings transitioned to the online format without nurse leaders' formal training. Leaders cited this lack of orientation as impeding their ability to sustain an online-virtual transformational leadership presence with their teams. They reported varying degrees …


The Effects Of Executive Function Between Anxiety And Math Achievement In Adolescents, Mckenzie Hall May 2022

The Effects Of Executive Function Between Anxiety And Math Achievement In Adolescents, Mckenzie Hall

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Anxiety in Children can develop into pervasive disorders in adulthood if not treated. Research shows dysfunctional Executive Function (EF) and anxiety are both shown to have a negative impact on math achievement in children and adolescents (Trezise & Reeve, 2018; Kalaycioglu, 2015; Owens, Stevenson, Hadwin & Norgate, 2012). Chung, Weyandt, and Swentosky (2014) found biological and neuropsychological support for EF as a unitary and multifaceted processor for regulating our emotional states as well as our daily procedures. Anderson’s (2002) model of Executive Control System (ECS) allows the factors of EF to be examined using a developmental approach towards EF processes. …


Impact Of Mentoring On Epistemic Cognition Of Higher Education Administrators: A Modified Explanatory Mixed Methods Study, Robert Levrant May 2022

Impact Of Mentoring On Epistemic Cognition Of Higher Education Administrators: A Modified Explanatory Mixed Methods Study, Robert Levrant

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

In today’s complex workplace, organizations have implemented mentoring programs to serve the needs of employees by providing career development and personal support. Mentoring relationships provide a variety of vocational, psychosocial and role modeling functions to protégés. Previous educational psychology research has examined the role of mentoring as it relates to self-regulation, self-efficacy, career promotions, motivation and other constructs. Epistemic cognition relates to the understanding of the nature of knowledge and knowing. Epistemic cognition relates to the development, in which one’s understanding of knowledge evolves from a belief that knowledge is finite, must be passed down by expert authorities toward an …


Is Dietary Teaching Via Telehealth Effective In Lowering Hgba1c In Adult Patients With Prediabetes Or Type 2 Diabetes?, Mia Mccallum-Crawford May 2022

Is Dietary Teaching Via Telehealth Effective In Lowering Hgba1c In Adult Patients With Prediabetes Or Type 2 Diabetes?, Mia Mccallum-Crawford

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two common conditions diagnosed in the primary care setting. Both conditions benefit from a healthy lifestyle, managing blood sugar levels, and getting diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES). Within the past two decades, the healthcare community in the US has witnessed a substantial rise in diabetes among adults. Overall, the self-management of diabetes continues to worsen nationally. The purpose of this project is to improve patients’ self-management of both Prediabetes and T2DM through nutrition and show how nutritional counseling via telehealth provided by a nurse practitioner can improve HgbA1C values over 3 …


Improving Self-Efficacy And Knowledge While Reducing Anxiety In High-Risk Breast Cancer Patients Through Standardized Education, Shelley Miles May 2022

Improving Self-Efficacy And Knowledge While Reducing Anxiety In High-Risk Breast Cancer Patients Through Standardized Education, Shelley Miles

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Breast cancer is the leading cause of death of women in the United States. Patients at high risk for developing cancer are more easily identified in today’s world. Early identification might be due to strong family history or genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 or BRCA2. Screening and risk reduction guidelines have been developed over recent years for these patients. Adherence to these guidelines continues to be a problem. The factors stemming from this problem include lack of knowledge about being high-risk, understanding the guidelines, and anxiety and depression about the perceived risk of developing breast cancer. These factors can cause …


Examining The Attitudes Of Preservice Teachers Toward English Learners, Annie Chou May 2022

Examining The Attitudes Of Preservice Teachers Toward English Learners, Annie Chou

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The rapid growth of the K-12 English Learner (EL) student population in the United States raises concerns related to their learning and growth in schools. Teachers are central figures in their students’ achievement. The influence of teachers’ attitudes on student learning and development validates the need to examine these in research studies. What influences teachers’ attitudes is an important part of understanding teachers’ attitudes towards their EL students. Certain individual characteristics including teachers’ training, may be associated with their positive attitudes. Studies have shown that effective teacher preparation programs can change preservice teacher attitudes in general and specifically towards their …


A Parent-Mediated Intervention To Teach A Generalized Repertoire Of Auditory Tacts To A Child With Autism, Hazim Aal Ismail May 2022

A Parent-Mediated Intervention To Teach A Generalized Repertoire Of Auditory Tacts To A Child With Autism, Hazim Aal Ismail

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Tact is the most important verbal operant (Skinner, 1957) due to the uniqueness of stimulus control and its role in facilitating acquisition of another verbal (e.g., mands, intraverbals) and nonverbal (i.e., listener) operants (Sundberg, 2015). Teaching tacts to children with ASD and the research on this area, however, are largely focused on visual stimuli. Teaching tacts of auditory stimuli to children with ASD is important as they constantly experience various auditory stimuli (e.g., vehicles, pets, machines, music) in the natural environment. Adding auditory and other nonvisual tacts to tact repertoire increases its effectiveness (Sundberg & Partington, 1998). Furthermore, teaching auditory …


Measuring Social Studies Teacher Self-Efficacy: Development Of A Valid, Reliable, And Fair Social Studies Self-Efficacy Scale, Leona Calkins May 2022

Measuring Social Studies Teacher Self-Efficacy: Development Of A Valid, Reliable, And Fair Social Studies Self-Efficacy Scale, Leona Calkins

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Social studies education provides unique opportunities for students to learn about the democratic process and, more importantly, how to engage in civic life to become active citizens. It is through meaningful social studies education that students are deliberately helped to understand the world, and are provided space to discuss, deliberate, and inquire about problems in the world, both past and present, and then learn how they can work to solve these problems (NCSS, 2013a; Parker, 2008). Considering the role of social studies education in helping develop active citizens, there has been a call for social studies teachers to provide instruction …


The Experiences Of Pell Grant Students Who Lose Aid: A Mixed Methods Study, Jaime Carbajal, Jr. May 2022

The Experiences Of Pell Grant Students Who Lose Aid: A Mixed Methods Study, Jaime Carbajal, Jr.

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Understanding the link between financial aid and college attainment is particularly important for the Federal Pell Grant program, the nation’s largest financial aid program. Many studies have shown that the Pell Grant program increases retention, persistence, and graduation rates for undergraduate students (Castleman & Long, 2016; Evans & Nguyen, 2019). Nonetheless, 80% of Pell recipients do not go on to complete a college degree within four years (Goldrick-Rab et al., 2016). One possible reason for this outcome is the way the Pell Grant program is constructed and implemented. While the Pell grant starts out as a need-based aid, it becomes …


A Multiple Case Study: Exploration Of The Writing Instruction Practices Of Veteran High School English Teachers, Victoria Lindemann May 2022

A Multiple Case Study: Exploration Of The Writing Instruction Practices Of Veteran High School English Teachers, Victoria Lindemann

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The gift of literacy can be the greatest equalizer in a society or used as a weapon to marginalize. As writing instructors, it should be our job to help our students find their voice – to give voice to the voiceless (Friere, 1970). More research must uncover the influences beyond the classroom and how those influences inform veteran teachers’ decisions about their writing practices and instructional designs, specifically on how teachers engage students in writing. It is the writing of our thoughts and ideas that shares a piece of ourselves with the world around us.This study explored how experienced English …


“Failure Is Not An Option”: Sub-Saharan African International Graduate Students’ Experiences In U.S. Higher Education Institutions, Alfred Acquah May 2022

“Failure Is Not An Option”: Sub-Saharan African International Graduate Students’ Experiences In U.S. Higher Education Institutions, Alfred Acquah

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The rapid growth of international students, particularly from Sub-Saharan Africa, in U.S. higher education institutions calls for more critical research to understand their nuanced experiences in these institutions. So often, international students are homogenized and put under one umbrella, which shadows their unique experiences, especially those from developing countries and regions like Sub-Saharan Africa. Moreover, the paucity of literature on these students makes it even harder to hear their voices. Therefore, there is the need to disaggregate international students to become aware of some of their subtle challenges. This study aims to explore the experiences and community cultural wealth (CCW) …


Teaching Beliefs And Teaching Practices: A Sequential Mixed Methods Study Of Post-Secondary Mathematics Faculty, Katlyn K. Cox May 2022

Teaching Beliefs And Teaching Practices: A Sequential Mixed Methods Study Of Post-Secondary Mathematics Faculty, Katlyn K. Cox

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

This mixed methods study explored the relationship between collegiate math instructors’ reported teaching practices, teaching beliefs, and actual teaching practices. Instructors reported their own teaching practices by survey. Qualitative participants were purposively sampled from the quantitative survey results. These qualitative participants presented their teaching beliefs through an initial interview. Afterward, actual teaching practices were confirmed through classroom observations. Lastly, instructors completed reflective interviews to address findings in the previously collected data.Through the survey instrument, this study established common teaching practices of collegiate math instructors. The study identified that on average the post-secondary math instructors in this sample employed between 26 …


Revisiting The Smartphone And Learning Inventory (Sali): Perspectives Of Preservice Teachers, Bridget K. Daleiden May 2022

Revisiting The Smartphone And Learning Inventory (Sali): Perspectives Of Preservice Teachers, Bridget K. Daleiden

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The implications of the presence and usage of smartphone technology in learning contexts are not fully understood. Self-regulated learning (SRL) theory offers a theoretical framework in which smartphone use can be explored. Researchers have recently developed a measure of smartphone use while studying, the Smartphone and Learning Inventory (SALI) (Hartley et al., 2020b). The present study is an exploratory qualitative analysis designed to compare open-ended responses to the 3-factor structure of the SALI. A thematic analysis of open-ended responses from a sample of preservice teachers was conducted. The purpose of the current research is to explore themes that may represent …


Cost Of Attendance And Competitive Balance In The Ncaa Division I Football Bowl Subdivision, Michelle Calica Coyner May 2022

Cost Of Attendance And Competitive Balance In The Ncaa Division I Football Bowl Subdivision, Michelle Calica Coyner

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) justifies its power and regulatory structure as necessary to promote competitive balance. Despite this, there is limited research on the efficacy of NCAA policies that were implemented with the intention of supporting more parity in Division I conferences. This study examined whether the 2015 cost of attendance (COA) policy was associated with competitive balance in various groups within the Division I Football Bowl Subdivision. Through the lenses of the Matthew Effect and policy design theory, this study aimed to understand how NCAA policies may hurt or help inequality in college sport. Although not all …


Student-Athletes’ Career Adaptability, Academic Motivation And Athletic Motivation, Alexandria N. Petrolia May 2022

Student-Athletes’ Career Adaptability, Academic Motivation And Athletic Motivation, Alexandria N. Petrolia

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Many Division I student-athletes find the transition of graduating college, leaving the athletic arena, and entering the workforce to be extremely challenging to navigate. Due to the high demands of being an elite athlete and the prospect of continuing to compete professionally after graduation, an overwhelming majority of student-athletes expend little to no effort in exploring potential careers and are unlikely to take advantage of the opportunities available to them prior to graduation. This study aimed to examine the relationship between athletic career motivation, athletic motivation, and academic motivation to the skills necessary to navigate work responsibilities in career adaptability. …


The Unexpected President: An Instrumental Case Study On Women University Presidents, Jessica Soria May 2022

The Unexpected President: An Instrumental Case Study On Women University Presidents, Jessica Soria

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

This research study sought to examine the experiences of women university presidents. Despite the universal call for the diversification of higher education leadership, women are significantly underrepresented in the seat of the university presidency as higher rank university leadership positions are overwhelmingly occupied by white males. By interviewing women university presidents from diverse backgrounds and from different institutions, this instrumental case study examined their unique experiences. This study utilized two critical theoretical concepts to guide the study: intersectionality and gendered organizations theory.


An Empirical Investigation Into The Impact Of Automated Grading, Alex James St. Aubin May 2022

An Empirical Investigation Into The Impact Of Automated Grading, Alex James St. Aubin

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Context: Computer Science enrollment has seen increases in recent years. At the University of Nevada, Las Vegas we have seen an average year to year growth rate of 17.33% in the spring and 13.71% in the fall over the past 10 years in our entry level programming course. These enrollment increases have led to considerable additional costs for grading course material.Objective: The goal of this study is to determine the impact of automatic grading systems on students. If automatic grading is at least as effective as manual grading in practice, it may reduce cost under the context of at least …


The Role Of Peer Relationships In Developing, Promoting, And Maintaining Teachers’ Social And Emotional Competence In The Charter School Setting, Ted Jason Weisman May 2022

The Role Of Peer Relationships In Developing, Promoting, And Maintaining Teachers’ Social And Emotional Competence In The Charter School Setting, Ted Jason Weisman

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Social and Emotional Competence (SEC) is comprised of five main components: self awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship skills, and responsible decision-making. Within the context of K-12 education, SEC is typically explored through the lens of student achievement or student progress. This area of research is noteworthy as teachers aretrained in SEL to assist and support students, not themselves or one another (Wiglesworth et al., 2016). Although teachers may receive training on SEC, the teachers rarely are the focus of that training (Aldrup et al., 2021). One area of particular interest is the setting of charter schools and how they address …


Math Identity Experience Of College Students In Developmental Courses: The Effects Of Chronological Multicultural Mathematics, Jonah Shulman May 2022

Math Identity Experience Of College Students In Developmental Courses: The Effects Of Chronological Multicultural Mathematics, Jonah Shulman

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The present grant funded study by the Office of Research and Sponsored Projects investigated the effects of a chronological multicultural mathematics (CMM) framework on math identity and math achievement of student participants enrolled in two virtual post-secondary developmental math courses (N=9). The students were selected due to an inability to pass previous developmental courses or the placement exam to earn entrance into credit bearing math courses. An exploratory mixed methods case study utilized interviews, reflections, surveys, classwork, and grades to arrive at conclusions. Student participants were exposed to supplemental additions to the curriculum that provided elements of past (founders and …