Education Commons^™

Practice Nurses And Sexual Health Care: Enhancing Team Care Within General Practice, Penny Abbott, Ann Dadich, Hassan Hosseinzadeh, Melissa Kang, Wendy Hu, Chris Bourne, Carolyn Murray, Jenny Reath

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Collaboration between general practitioners (GPs) and practice nurses (PNs) can enhance health care delivery. However, despite evidenced shortfalls in general practice-based sexual health care, the PN role in sexual health appears underdeveloped. Evaluation of New South Wales Sexually Transmissible Infections Programs Unit GP Project provided an opportunity to canvass views of GPs and PNs regarding PNs and sexual health care. Methods: A purposively sampled group of 10 PNs and nine GPs were interviewed. Interviews were transcribed and analysed thematically. Results: The extent and nature of PN-GP teamwork in sexual health care was variable, influenced largely by GP recognition and …

Practice Nurses And Sexual Health Care - Enhancing Team Care Within General Practice, Penny Abbott, Ann Dadich, Hassan Hosseinzadeh, Melissa Kang, Wendy Hu, Chris Bourne, Carolyn Murray, Jenny Reath

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Aims & rationale/Objectives Despite a high prevalence of sexually transmissible infections (STIs) and evidenced shortfalls in Australian general practice STI screening, practice nurse (PN) roles in sexual healthcare appear underdeveloped. The evaluation of the NSW STI Programs Unit (STIPU) GP Project provided opportunity to canvass the views of general practitioners (GPs) and PNs regarding PN roles in sexual healthcare. Methods As part of a broader evaluation of resources developed through the STIPU GP project, survey respondents were invited to participate in interviews exploring their views on how to support and increase the delivery of sexual health care in general practice. …

Diagnosis Of Copd In The Face Of Multimorbidity, Patients' Perspectives, Sameera Ansari, Hassan Hosseinzadeh, Sarah Dennis, Nicholas Arnold Zwar

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the 18th Congress of the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology, 11-14 November 2013, Yokohama, Japan.

Towards Generic Online Multicriteria Decision Support In Patient-Centred Health Care, Jack Dowie, Mette Kjer Kaltoft, Glenn P. Salkeld, Michelle Cunich

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective To introduce a new online generic decision support system based on multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA), implemented in practical and user-friendly software (Annalisa). Background All parties in health care lack a simple and generic way to picture and process the decisions to be made in pursuit of improved decision making and more informed choice within an overall philosophy of person- and patient-centred care. Methods The MCDA-based system generates patient-specific clinical guidance in the form of an opinion as to the merits of the alternative options in a decision, which are all scored and ranked. The scores for each option combine, …

Recent Advances In Early Memory Development: Research On Typical And Atypical Children, Mikael Heimann, Jane S. Herbert, Tomas Tjus, Jerker Rönnberg

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In order to learn about memory development one must start from the beginning. An infant goes through remarkable changes during the first years of life; they begin to crawl, talk, and actively engage with the world around them. Much too often in the history of psychology, the abilities present during the first years of life have been neglected, overlooked, or not given much weight in theory building. For example, because adults fail to recall events from the first years of their life, assumptions were made about the nature and form of memory during early development (for review,see Hayne & Jack, …

Infant Interest In Their Mother's Face Is Associated With Maternal Psychological Health, Rebecca Jones, Pauline Slade, Olivier Pascalis, Jane S. Herbert

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Early experience can alter infants' interest in faces in their environment. This study investigated the relationship between maternal psychological health, mother-infant bonding, and infant face interest in a community sample. A visual habituation paradigm was used to independently assess 3.5-month old infants' attention to a photograph of their mother's face and a stranger's face. In this sample of 54 healthy mother-infant pairs, 57% of mothers (N=31) reported symptoms of at least one of stress response to trauma, anxiety, or depression. Interest in the mother-face, but not stranger-face, was positively associated with the mother's psychological health. In regression analyses, anxiety and …

Enhancing Citizen Engagement In Cancer Screening Through Deliberative Democracy, Lucie Rychetnik, Stacy Carter, Julia Abelson, Hazel Thornton, Alexandra Barratt, Vikki A. Entwistle, Geraldine Mackenzie, Glenn P. Salkeld, Paul Glasziou

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Cancer screening is widely practiced and participation is promoted by various social, technical, and commercial drivers, but there are growing concerns about the emerging harms, risks, and costs of cancer screening. Deliberative democracy methods engage citizens in dialogue on substantial and complex problems: especially when evidence and values are important and people need time to understand and consider the relevant issues. Information derived from such deliberations can provide important guidance to cancer screening policies: citizens' values are made explicit, revealing what really matters to people and why. Policy makers can see what informed, rather than uninformed, citizens would decide on …

Estimates And Determinants Of Economic Impacts From Influenza-Like Illnesses Caused By Respiratory Viruses In Australian Children Attending Childcare: A Cohort Study, Jiehui Yin, Glenn P. Salkeld, Stephen Lambert, Alexa Dierig, Leon Heron, Julie Leask, Maria Yui, Robert Booy

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background

Influenza and other respiratory infections cause excess winter morbidity in children. This study assessed the economic impact of influenza-like illness (ILI) on families with children attending childcare using a societal perspective.

Methods

We conducted a prospective cohort study in 90 childcare centres and one general practitioner clinics in Sydney, Australia, during 2010. Healthy children aged ≥6 months to <3 years were enrolled. Economic impacts of ILI (temperature ≥37·8°C or parental report of fever, plus ≥1 respiratory symptoms) were collected at 2 and 4 weeks after ILI onset by telephone interview. Parent-collected respiratory specimens were tested for respiratory viruses using real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Costs associated with healthcare visits, medication usage, carer time lost (work or recreation) and home care and/or additional childcare were collected. Influenza-like illness costs were described and further analysed using a Tobit model. Zero-inflated Poisson regression was employed to compare the numbers of healthcare visits for each ILI.

Results

Of 381 children enrolled and analysed, 105 developed 124 ILIs. Specimens were available for 117 ILIs: five were positive by RT-PCR for A(H1N1)pdm09, 39 for adenovirus, 39 for rhinovirus, 15 for a coronavirus and 27 for a polyomavirus. The mean …

Forensic Mental Health In Australia: Charting The Gaps, Natalia K. Hanley, Stuart Ross

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Process of national mental health reform fails to take adequate account of forensic mental health services - factors hampering national consistency in forensic mental health - need for national leadership - human rights implications.

A New Beginning: Resolving Conflict Peacefully - Pilot Program Evaluation, Natalia K. Hanley, Tallace Bissett

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This report details key research literature about the interactions between young people from new and emerging migrant and refugee communities and Victoria police. It also presents evaluation findings from the pilot conflict resolution training program - A new beginning: resolving conflict peacefully.

Factors Underlying Cognitive Giftedness: Mental Versus Perceptual Attention, Steven J. Howard, Janice Johnson, Juan Pascual-Leone

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Children identified as cognitively gifted, in comparison with age-matched mainstream samples, are advantaged in numerous areas, including mathematics, speed and efficiency in cognitive processing, and resistance to interfering stimuli. Although working memory (WM) has been implicated as a factor mediating these advantages, evidence suggests that gifted children may not be advantaged in all aspects of WM function. We hypothesized that this difference is related to the contrast between mental (related to prefrontal dopamine circuits) and perceptual attention (likely related to prefrontal acetylcholine circuits). Specifically, it was expected that cognitively gifted children would excel in WM tasks taxing mental but not …

A Descriptive Examination Of The Types Of Relationships Formed Between Children With Developmental Disability And Their Closest Peers In Inclusive School Settings, Amanda A. Webster, Mark Carter

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background One of the most commonly cited rationales for inclusive education is to enable the development of quality relationships with typically developing peers. Relatively few researchers have examined the features of the range of relationships that children with developmental disability form in inclusive school settings. Method Interviews were conducted with 25 children with developmental disability, aged 5 and 12 years, their 3 closest peers, and parents and teachers to examine 6 types of relationships. Results Behaviours associated with general friendship and acquaintance were the most commonly reported. Few dyads reported high rates of behaviour associated with special treatment, helping, ignoring, …

Mutual Liking, Enjoyment And Shared Interactions In The Closest Relationships Between Children With Developmental Disabilities And Peers In Inclusive School Settings, Amanda A. Webster, Mark Carter

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Typically analysis of the characteristics of friendships is made on the basis of nomination of a friend or best friend, with the assumption that this nomination reflects actual friendship. While it is possible that this assumption may be valid in typically developing children, this may not be the case for relationships for students with developmental disabilities. The relationships of 16 students with developmental disabilities in grades 1 through 6 and their three closest peers were examined to determine if dyads engaged in behaviors associated with defining components of friendship (i.e. shared interaction, mutual enjoyment, mutual liking) from literature on typically …

The Struggle Over Geography: Prospects For Advancing Public Pedagogy, Noel Castree

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This commentary is sympathetic to Murphy's (2013) call for more 'grand regional narrative' in a public key. However, by failing to recognise the root causes of, and prevailing obstacles to, change, his call risks being purely declarative. I argue that only a few, typically established, geographers will be willing and able to occupy the ideational territory currently populated by the likes of Robert Kaplan. Even so, a few is better than none, and I also argue that teaching offers a more feasible, if indirect, arena in which public thinking about world geography can be shaped in ways consistent with Murphy's …

The Cool, Creative Mapping Lounge, Christopher R. Gibson, Christopher R. Brennan-Horley

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This case study outlines a methodology that combines vox pop style interviews, hand-drawn maps and specialised computer mapping techniques to produce a threedimensional representation of a city's cultural vitality - as judged by its residents. In 2009, CAMRA researchers conducted a 'mapping lounge' at Wollongong's largest annual festival, gathering stories and maps that identified over 2300 cool and creative places, spread across the city. The data revealed the localised nature of 'creativity', and the value of small-scale, decentralised cultural infrastructure.

Pimp My Ride: Mapping Vernacular Creativity In An Industrial City, Andrew T. Warren

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This case study reveals how a researcher mapped a creative industry sector - custom car designing in Wollongong - and made it 'visible'. It outlines a process of responsive engagement with youth that revealed a skilled and economic scene that challenges standard conceptions of artistic expression. 'Cruising' with youth and plotting their sites of activity using Google Maps identified an extensive, largely overlooked market and encouraged a renewed discussion about what constituted the city's creative strengths and assets.

'Super-Rich' Irish Property Developers And The Celtic Tiger Economy, Laurence Murphy, Pauline M. Mcguirk

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The story of the rise and fall of the Celtic Tiger property developers offers insights into the role of the super-rich in material and symbolic place-making. Irish developers were not only involved in the physical construction of place(s); they were very public actors in the construction of discourses of Ireland as a place of opportunity, entrepreneurialism and success. In contrast to the relative anonymity of high-rolling financial traders, property developers were celebrated media stars. Indeed, as the property boom gathered pace, stories of past property successes arguably became an essential prerequisite for mobilizing new rounds of property investment. Developers with …

Governing Carbon In The Australian City: Local Government Responses, Robyn Dowling, Pauline M. Mcguirk, Harriet Bulkeley

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Mitigating and adapting to future changes in climate in the context of urban growth has focused the attention of Australian governments, planners, business and community interests alike. In this landscape we see a proliferation of frameworks and initiative s for governing carbon, from Australian state and local governments as well as a wide array of other actors including the private and not-for-profit sectors. Currently no clear picture of their architecture or workings exists. In this paper we use urban local governments - a central actor in these frameworks - as an entry point. Drawing on recent research aimed to document …

Developing Aspiration, Pathways And Access, Sarah Elizabeth O'Shea, Paul A. Chandler

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Keynote presentation made at The 5th Social Inclusion in Higher Education Conference, 2-3 December 2013, Sydney, Australia

Youth Gangs In A Remote Indigenous Community: Importance Of Cultural Authority And Family Support, Teresa Cunningham, Bill Ivory, Richard D. Chenhall, Rachel M. Mcmahon, Kate Senior

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The Indigenous community of Wadeye in the Northern Territory, Australia has been described as a community 'under siege from continual gang violence' (Rioting flares again at Wadeye. The Australian 7 August; Gang violence plagues Wadeye. ABC News 1 December; Wadeye worst in 50 years. NT News 2 November). The gangs appear to have emerged in the early 1980s and are generally defined through youth aligning themselves along cultural, clan and family affiliations into groups with contemporary Americanised gang characteristics, symbolic links with heavy metal music and clearly defined turf boundaries. Although they do engage in some relatively minor drug (predominately …

What Evidence Exists For Initiatives To Reduce Risk And Incidence Of Sexual Violence In Armed Conflict And Other Humanitarian Crises? A Systematic Review, Jo Spangaro, Chinelo Adogu, Geetha Ranmuthugala, Gawaine Powell, Léa Steinacker, Anthony Zwi

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Sexual violence is highly prevalent in armed conflict and other humanitarian crises and attracting increasing policy and practice attention. This systematic review aimed to canvas the extent and impact of initiatives to reduce incidence, risk and harm from sexual violence in conflict, post-conflict and other humanitarian crises, in low and middle income countries. Twenty three bibliographic databases and 26 websites were searched, covering publications from 1990 to September 2011 using database-specific keywords for sexual violence and conflict or humanitarian crisis. The 40 included studies reported on seven strategy types: i) survivor care; ii) livelihood initiatives; iii) community mobilisation; iv) personnel …

Examining Three Planning Pathways In The Mediation Of Resident Opposition To Compact City, Joe Hurley, Nicole T. Cook, Elizabeth Taylor

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Compact city policy is central to current metropolitan strategic planning, yet higher density housing in existing urban areas has been subject to significant resident opposition. This has put new focus on the extent and nature of resident influence over planning processes. There are a variety of policy positions in relation to resident input in planning processes within and across jurisdictions in Australia and overseas. However, there is limited research exploring the effectiveness of these different planning approaches in terms of housing supply or participatory planning outcomes. Drawing on data collected in Melbourne, this paper synthesises the results of a research …

Key Issues Effecting Field Researcher Safety: A Reflexive Commentary, Michael Roguski, Juan M. Tauri

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This article raises concerns about the, arguably, obscure position the issue of field researcher safety holds in our training curricula, supervision processes and across our research communities. A variety of discursive tensions are discussed as preventing a full realisation of researcher safety as a significant issue for social research practitioners. These tensions include the impact of privileging violence over the wide range of risks inherent in researching the social context, the ideological construction of the intrepid researcher as someone who bravely enters the field, often without an understanding of the environment or cognisant of potential risks; thus relying on a …

Treated Differently? Evidence Of Racism And Discrimination From A Local Perspective, Patricia Kennedy

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

One of the key findings of this study is that as many as 80% of those who experienced racism or discrimination do not report it. The report shows that racism and discrimination are happening in Limerick but victims and witnesses are reluctant to turn to the authorities for assistance. While this particular study documents local manifestations of racism and discrimination, the issues are of global, national and regional significance.

Patterns Of Food Safety Knowledge Among Australians: A Latent Class Approach, Anthony Worsley, Wei Wang, Stephanie Byrne, Heather Yeatman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This study aimed to examine food safety knowledge and its associations among Australians. An Internet-based nationwide survey of 2,022 consumers was conducted in 2011. Quota sampling was used to ensure that the age, gender, educational background, and state of residence of the respondents were representative of the Australian population. A list of 10 food safety knowledge items was administered along with questions about the respondents' food attitudes, demographics, school education, and diet practices. Overall, the results showed that safety knowledge was relatively poor. Latent class analysis identified two groups of respondents with different levels of food safety knowledge. Poor knowledge …

Using Hpv Vaccination For Promotion Of An Adolescent Package Of Care: Opportunity And Perspectives, Catherine L. Mac Phail, Emilie Venables, Helen Rees, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Adolescents are a difficult population to access for preventive health care, particularly in less resourced countries. Evidence from developed countries indicates that the HPV vaccine schedule may be a useful platform from which to deliver other adolescent health care services. We conducted a qualitative cross sectional study to assess the potential for using the HPV vaccine in the South African public health care system as an opportunity for integrated health care services for adolescents. Methods: Parents, young adolescents, community members and key informants participated in interviews and focus group discussions about feasibility and acceptability, particularly the use of the …

Acceptability And Feasibility Of Cash Transfers For Hiv Prevention Among Adolescent South African Women, Catherine L. Mac Phail, Michelle Adato, Kathleen Kahn, Amanda Selin, Rhian Twine, Samson Khoza, Molly Rosenberg, Nadia Nguyen, Elizabeth Becker, Audrey Pettifor

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Women are at increased risk of HIV infection in much of sub-Saharan Africa. Longitudinal and cross-sectional studies have found an association between school attendance and reduced HIV risk. We report feasibility and acceptability results from a pilot of a cash transfer intervention conditional on school attendance paid to young women and their families in rural Mpumalanga, South Africa for the prevention of HIV infection. Twenty-nine young women were randomised to intervention or control and a cash payment based on school attendance made over a 2-month period. Quantitative (survey) and qualitative (focus group and interview) data collection was undertaken with young …

Conceptualizing Community Mobilization For Hiv Prevention: Implications For Hiv Prevention Programming In The African Context, Sheri Lippman, Suzanne Maman, Catherine L. Mac Phail, Rhian Twine, Dean Peacock, Kathleen Kahn, Audrey Pettifor

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Introduction: Community mobilizing strategies are essential to health promotion and uptake of HIV prevention. However, there has been little conceptual work conducted to establish the core components of community mobilization, which are needed to guide HIV prevention programming and evaluation. Objectives: We aimed to identify the key domains of community mobilization (CM) essential to change health outcomes or behaviors, and to determine whether these hypothesized CM domains were relevant to a rural South African setting.Method:We studied social movements and community capacity, empowerment and development literatures, assessing common elements needed to operationalize HIV programs at a community level. After synthesizing these …

How Much Demand For New Hiv Prevention Technologies Can We Really Expect? Results From A Discrete Choice Experiment In South Africa, Fern Terris-Prestholt, Kara Hanson, Catherine L. Mac Phail, Peter Vickerman, Helen Rees, Charlotte Watts

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: For the first time in the history of HIV, new bio-medical interventions have been shown to be effective in preventing HIV transmission. For these new HIV prevention technologies (NPTs) to have an impact on the epidemic, they must be widely used. This study uses a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to: understand the relative strength of women's preferences for product characteristics, understand the implications for substitution away from male condoms, and inform realistic modelling of their potential impact and cost-effectiveness. Methods: A DCE was conducted among 1017 women in urban South Africa. Women were presented with choices between potential women's …

Mapping Face Recognition Information Use Across Cultures, Sebastien R. Miellet, Luca Vizioli, Lingnan He, Xinyue Zhou, Roberto Caldara

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Face recognition is not rooted in a universal eye movement information-gathering strategy. Western observers favor a local facial feature sampling strategy, whereas Eastern observers prefer sampling face information from a global, central fixation strategy.Yet, the precise qualitative (the diagnostic) and quantitative (the amount) information underlying these cultural perceptual biases in face recognition remains undetermined.To this end, we monitored the eye movements of Western and Eastern observers during a face recognition task, with a novel gaze-contingent technique: the Expanding Spotlight.