Education Commons^™

Increasing Student Engagement Through Opportunities To Respond, Todd Whitney, Justin T. Cooper, Amy S. Lingo

Kentucky Teacher Education Journal: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Kentucky Council for Exceptional Children

The evidence for providing sufficient opportunities for students to respond (OTR) has been established in terms of increasing student engagement while decreasing disruptive behavior. Although proven to be effective, teachers are demonstrating low rates of OTR across all grade levels and instructional content areas. Given the potential benefits of increasing OTR, it is critical that teachers find ways to increase the provision of OTR during instruction. This article will discuss the research behind providing sufficient OTR, examine the rate of OTR teachers are providing in schools in relation to optimal rates suggested by research, and provide strategies for increasing OTR …

Turning Teachers Into Action Researchers In Their Classrooms, Dusty Columbia Embury, Laura S. Clarke

Kentucky Teacher Education Journal: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Kentucky Council for Exceptional Children

Action research is often called the teacher’s research and often feels like a common sense approach to solving problems, but not all pre-service teachers begin careers knowing how to use this methodology to improve their own practice. This article offers a rationale for teaching pre-service teachers the skills and action research methodology as a tool for professional improvement based on the experiences of the authors engaging in a reflective process for teaching. While not generalizable, it is hoped that lessons learned may be applied by other faculty in teacher education programs.

The Board Certified Behavior Analyst (Bcba) Credential: What Is It, How To Get It, Steven A. Crites Dr.

Kentucky Teacher Education Journal: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Kentucky Council for Exceptional Children

Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is a research-based and effective procedure used to change the behavior of individuals, groups, and organizations. While some may think of ABA to decrease maladaptive behavior, it can also be used to improve adaptive behavior, academic, social, and employment skills. There is a growing need for experts in behavior analysis to provide services in early intervention programs, schools, day treatment centers, institutions and in the work place. A board certified behavior analyst (BCBA) is credentialed to provide these behavior analytic services. This paper will provide a brief overview of applied behavior analysis, define the BCBA credential, …

Preparing Teachers With Core Content Expertise To Support Students With Moderate To Severe Disabilities, Robert C. Pennington Phd, Ginevra Courtade, Best Newberry Gurney

Kentucky Teacher Education Journal: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Kentucky Council for Exceptional Children

In this paper, the authors describe a teacher preparation program in the area of moderate to severe disabilities with an emphasis in academic instruction. They present a rationale for their increased focus on academics, a description of the program’s design, and several challenges associated with its implementation. Further, they offer several considerations for iterative improvement of the program.

Crisis Leadership During The Great Recession Of 2008, Steven M. Walker, Matthew P. Earnhardt, Jason M. Newcomer, James W. Marion, Jr., Jon C. Tomlinson

International Journal of Leadership and Change

Understanding leadership characteristics, frameworks, components, and contexts that are beneficial to the guidance of organizational policy is useful for understanding the way in which leaders should act during a crisis. Recessions are common throughout economies; yet, many see recessions as crises. Due to the chaotic nature of economic recessions, leaders must work in conditions of uncertainty, complexity, and volatility. Therefore, using a qualitative phenomenological approach, an examination was conducted on leaders’ lived experiences of the Great Recession of 2008 to further understand the concept of crisis leadership. A discussion is included on the way in which leaders internalize and analyze …

Language Diversity And Leadership Effectiveness, Deborah Oliverio-Olivieri

International Journal of Leadership and Change

This article addresses whether language diversity is relevant in leadership effectiveness. The research employed mixed methodology in a two-phase study examining language diversity and leadership effectiveness in the U.S. labor market using the language-as-resource (LAR) conceptual framework (Ruiz, 1984). The first phase analyzed 2010 General Social Survey data using proxy variables describing the relationship between languages other than English (LOTE) and occupational achievement. The second phase explored the role of LOTE in the leadership function with a focus group discussion. Insight about language diversity and leadership effectiveness was captured, with five themes emerging from the focus group discussion. This research …

Higher Education In Israel: An Overview, Ami Rokach

International Journal of Leadership and Change

The Global Village is changing and, with it, the higher education landscape. In the present article, the changes that have happened globally are reviewed, and particularly in Israel. In general, due to privatization and global competition, higher education is becoming more accessible; thus, there is a concern that quantity may come at the price of quality education. The article ends with an attempt to foresee what lies ahead for higher education in Israel.

A Framework For Conceptualizing Models Of Mentoring In Educational Settings, Andrew West

International Journal of Leadership and Change

Although general conceptions regarding the nature of mentoring tend to coalesce around the idea that mentoring involves a more experienced and more knowledgeable individual providing some form of support to a novice, great variance exists in the way in which these goals are realized in mentoring programs. In order to bring greater clarity to various perspectives on mentoring, a framework of mentoring models was developed based on a review of the literature. The framework allows users to position models in one of four zones corresponding to the program’s views of teaching and learning and the number of aspects of teaching …

Shared Leadership: A Unique But Beneficial Arrangement Within A University Department, W. Pitt Derryberry, Steven R. Wininger

International Journal of Leadership and Change

Universities often lose some of their best teachers and researchers to transitions to administration. Conversely, the ability of universities to persuade some faculty to assume administrative duties is undermined due to faculty members’ reluctance to give up teaching or research. In this article, two faculty members who currently serve as co-department heads discuss (a) their motivation for pursuing such an arrangement, (b) the way in which their duties are divided and shared, (c) challenges in pursuing the co-head arrangement, (d) challenges in implementing the co-head arrangement, (e) their perceptions of the success of the arrangement, and (f) significant considerations for …

Two Models Of Health Sciences Center Leadership During Turbulent Times, Howard F. Stein, Seth Allcorn

International Journal of Leadership and Change

Leadership and change in health sciences centers are explored through contrasting two models of leadership: commonly practiced leadership and what has been referred to as “good enough leadership” (GEL). Several common cases or scenarios are presented through the lens of each model, with the conclusion that good enough leadership is more functional, creative, and healing than more widespread conventional models.

To Our Readers From The Editors, Joseph Cangemi, Tony Norman

International Journal of Leadership and Change

To Our Readers From the Editors

Creating Order Out Of The Chaos Of Differentiated Lesson Planning For The Novice Teacher Candidate, J. Dusteen Knotts Ph.D.

Kentucky Teacher Education Journal: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Kentucky Council for Exceptional Children

Current classroom settings are more diverse than ever before. Preservice teacher candidates must learn the principles of differentiation and how to apply them to lesson preparation. Lesson planning is multi-faceted and this paper offers an integral tool to promote differentiated lesson planning to the novice teacher. These principles are presented in a concise, foundational chart aligning the components with Blooms Cognitive Taxonomy, classroom activities, assessment, scoring guides, and student grouping. Understanding of these aligned concepts sets the foundation to facilitate differentiated lesson planning.

Examining The Influence Of Self-Determination Theory Components With Students Of Varying Cognitive Abilities, Antonia Szymanski

Kentucky Teacher Education Journal: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Kentucky Council for Exceptional Children

This study sought to explore difference in the influences of components of Self-Determination Theory between students of average and high academic ability. Differences were examined using correlational comparisons, t-tests, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). As expected, students with high academic ability reported high perceptions of competence. Although other mean differences were not significant, relationships between the variables showed interesting results. Significant correlational differences were found between the relationships of Perceived Competence and Teacher Control, Intrinsic Motivation, and Boredom. Teacher Control also had significantly different relationships with students’ engagement between the two groups. The study adds to the understanding of Self-Determination …

Student Teachers’ Experiences With A Preparation-To-Practice Gap In Reading Instruction: A Preliminary Exploration And Implications For Teacher Preparation Faculty, Brooke Blanks

Kentucky Teacher Education Journal: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Kentucky Council for Exceptional Children

Abstract

Teacher educators and practitioners can agree that there are differences between knowing something in theory and knowing how to do something in a real classroom. This qualitative inquiry is anchored in evidence-based reading instruction as described by the National Reading Panel (2000) which emphasizes systematic, explicit instructional and teaching enhancements to support diverse students’ learning in multi-tier general educational classrooms. Specifically, this study investigated how student teachers applied their knowledge of research based reading methods in general education classrooms during their capstone field experience at the end of their undergraduate program, hereafter called student teaching.

Demonstration: Development Of A Minimum Set Of Parish Nurse Educational Outcomes And Behavioral Objectives, Deborah Ziebarth

International Journal of Faith Community Nursing

A Wisconsin parish nurse educator asked the question, “...who has the authority to say what is parish nursing in the state of Wisconsin and what are the key elements of a parish nurse training curriculum?” This work represents a six year effort to answer that question. This project answers the question by examining the essential core elements of parish nursing (now referred to as faith community nursing) training curriculums taught in the state of Wisconsin. Ultimately the project provided a minimum set of standardized education outcomes and behavioral objectives for training courses throughout the state. The work began with a …

Peer Leadership On The College Campus -- Competencies And Skills For Success, John P. Baker

International Journal of Leadership and Change

Significant challenges exist when leading others without legitimate or formal authority, as different and limited leadership skills and competencies may be required, especially when leading peers. This article analyzes the leader competencies and skills needed for college/university-level effective peer leadership. A review of related research identified four competencies cited frequently as important to lead peers successfully: (a) communication, (b) support, (c) mental/hard work ethic, and (d) reflection/feedback. Also, an analysis of a Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) leadership assessment database generally supported the findings from previous research, while providing additional insights impacting the above named peer leadership. The lack of …

Educational Leaders' And Teachers' Opinions About Changes In The Turkish Education System: A Qualitative Case Study, Mustafa Samancioglu, Murat Baglibel, Fatih Bozbayindir, Mahmut Kalman

International Journal of Leadership and Change

This qualitative case study discusses the opinions of teachers and principals (educational leaders) working at primary schools regarding recent changes implemented in the Turkish education system. “E-okul,” the “FATIH project,” and “MEBBIS,” which are technology-focused changes; and “girls’ education,” “the unfragmented 8-year compulsory education,” “children’s school participation,” and “promotion of literacy” and “students’ clothing” are changes that broaden the boundaries of the teaching and learning processes and are viewed as successful. However, “the new elective courses,” a component of the 12-year compulsory education reform, were perceived as a failed change. The most striking finding of the study indicated no agreement …

Leading And Managing The 21st Century Research University: Creating, Implementing, And Sustaining Strategic Change, Paul W. Ferguson, Gene E. Hall, Julie D. Hopwood

International Journal of Leadership and Change

Universities are competing in an environment in which only the most adaptable to sustainable change will prosper. In order to evolve in this challenging time, universities must embrace strategies for transformational change. This paper reviews two case studies that illustrate the universal applicability of theories of Change Science for achieving sustainable change in stressful times of prosperity and austerity. Understanding the phases of the Change Process that include Creating Vision, Implementing Vision, and Sustaining Vision can promote sustainable change directly related to the culture and mission of the institution.

Innovating In Higher Education -- Challenges And Responses Within A Conservative Context, John Whikehart, Robert F. Arnove

International Journal of Leadership and Change

This article presents a case study of a community college – Ivy Tech-Bloomington (IN) – to illustrate challenges faced by postsecondary institutions around the world. Ivy Tech-Bloomington has faced reduced state funding and increased pressure to emphasize the instrumental value of education – namely, “workforce development” – with constructive responses that diverge in many ways from dominant trends in higher education. Inspired by a vision of serving the common good, of helping those students most likely to fail, and valuing the role of the arts and humanities, the leadership of Ivy Tech-Bloomington has accomplished many of its goals in an …

Using Rhetoric To Manage Campus Crisis: An Historical Study Of College Presidents' Speeches, 1960-1964, Eddie R. Cole

International Journal of Leadership and Change

Student protests and other forms of campus conflict are prominent in higher education; however, little is known about the manner in which college presidents have historically responded to these protests and conflicts. Focused on North Carolina in the 1960s, a decade notable for student protests on college campuses, this article identifies three approaches used by college presidents in their public speeches to manage campus conflict. This research examines the speeches of college presidents in North Carolina, where the first mass protests of the decade occurred during the student movement for civil rights starting in 1960 until 1964 when the Civil …

Leadership Challenges For The University Of The 21st Century, James R. Ramsey, Madison Wesley

International Journal of Leadership and Change

Though its goal to provide quality, affordable education has not changed, the “University of the 21^st Century” has entered a period of transition. With the pressure to uphold its standards while maintaining cultural relevancy, the academy finds itself in the midst of a challenging time made even more difficult by its precarious financial situation. However, education in leadership must recognize that this transitional period is also one of opportunity. The University of Louisville has developed a strategy for addressing modern that endeavors to benefit students and educators alike as it unites them.

Faith Community Nurse Education: A Conceptual Model, Cristy Marie Daffron

International Journal of Faith Community Nursing

As a specialty practice, faith community nursing embodies knowledge that is unique to the practice and requires both generic and specialty training. Scarce research has been conducted on the effectiveness of basic faith community nurse curricula. As the landscape of education continues to be refined in the faith community nurse specialty practice, coupled with limited available research for the evaluation of effectiveness, a conceptual model for faith community nurse education is needed. Faith Community Nurse Education Conceptual Model incorporates both internal and external factors that impact the environment in which education occurs and acknowledges God as the author and finisher …

Personal Reflections On Leadership For Change: An Invited Article, Gary A. Ransdell

International Journal of Leadership and Change

Leadership is both an art and a science. It requires one to understand what leadership actually entails before thoughtfully applying the principles that ensure effective positive leadership and creating the conditions that must exist for effective leadership to occur and to be sustained. The leadership dynamics described in Leadership for Change are shaped by a 40‑year career in higher education — the last 16 of which have been spent as President of Western Kentucky University.

Gender And Leadership: Reflections Of Women In Higher Education Administration, Dana Dunn, Jeanne M. Gerlach, Adrienne E. Hyle

International Journal of Leadership and Change

Scholarly work on leadership, both inside and outside the academy, has been male-centric, in that it most often has been conducted by men and focused on male leaders. As a result, male behaviors and characteristics in leadership roles have been the standard against which women leaders are assessed. Reflection research is employed in this article to examine the leadership experiences of three women higher education administrators in order to provide insight into women’s behaviors as academic leaders. The insights gained will help us understand how women navigate the male-centric realm of higher education administration, and can provide guidance for women …

Challenging The Spectacle: A Case Study On Education Policy Advocacy, Gerardo M. Gonzalez, Charles L. Carney

International Journal of Leadership and Change

Much of the current education reform movement is centered on promoting policies aimed directly at improving teacher performance and, in turn, student learning. However, much of the advocacy has divided policymakers and educators by using ideologically charged methods that do not promote reasoned discussion or compromise. Schools of education have sometimes become targets for state-level policymakers who present teacher preparation programs as part of the problem. This paper is a case study of leadership by a school of education in advocating for policy. Viewing the circumstances through the lens of “political spectacle” theory, this study outlines how utilizing an advocacy …

Online Doctoral Programs: Can They Produce The Business Scientists And Leaders Needed For The 21st Century?, Joanne C. Preston

International Journal of Leadership and Change

This manuscript reviews the effectiveness of online education, pointing out the weaknesses and the more recent positive outcomes. Regardless of the positive reviews, employers view online education negatively and will hire students from campus programs over online or blended (hybrid) programs. What characteristics can make one online program better than others? These programs are reviewed, but the exploration found that even the reviews for traditional programs are negative. Because of our economic-driven culture, many are calling for a drastic change in traditional doctoral education, saying that PhDs that choose only the academic arena are no longer needed because they serve …

Leadership And Loneliness, Ami Rokach

International Journal of Leadership and Change

This article addresses leadership and loneliness and examines the interaction of these two constructs. The literature suggests that leaders (educational, state, business, and organizational) endure stress, alienation, loneliness, and emotional turmoil. These may lead to health problems and negatively affect social and familial relationships as well. The interaction of leadership and loneliness will be highlighted. Relevant literature will be reviewed on leadership and its characteristics and effects on those who succeed and get to the “top.” Loneliness will be examined and how it may affect people in general, and leaders in particular; the article will close with suggested strategies as …

Ending Genocide And Creating Human Right: A Call To Leaders In Higher Education--Exploring The Visionary Leadership Of Raphael Lemkin And Eleanor Roosevelt, Sam Mcfarland

International Journal of Leadership and Change

I first argue briefly that a basic course on human rights, now rarely taught in American universities, should be offered everywhere. I then describe the visionary leadership of Raphael Lemkin, who almost singlehandedly created the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, and the inspirational leadership of Eleanor Roosevelt, without whom the Universal Declaration of Human Rights may never have been written. Their efforts and achievements are reviewed, and several of their common qualities that made them successful are noted.

What Leadership Development Institutes Can Never Teach College Presidents About Leadership, Livingston Alexander

International Journal of Leadership and Change

While most new presidents of colleges and universities advance to the presidency through a traditional academic pathway, an increasing number of new presidents are now coming from positions outside of higher education. Yet, regardless of how they come to the position, many new presidents are unprepared for the complex challenges they will encounter when they take on their new assignments. A large number assume that participation in professional development seminars, often promoted as institutes for new presidents, will provide the essential algorithm for a successful presidency. Operating on such an assumption may well turn out to be a fatal mistake. …

Kyted President's Letter, Steve Crites

Kentucky Teacher Education Journal: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Kentucky Council for Exceptional Children

Read a letter from the president.