Education Commons^™

Grip Strength Symmetries In Division I College Baseball Pitchers And Hitters, Chad Agor, Andy Wolfe, Zane Badmaev, Cheyenne Lavender, Jackson Maynard, Michael Luera

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Integrating strength and conditioning coaches and programs for baseball athletes has yielded positive performance outcomes for both hitting and throwing. Among a variety of baseball-specific testing batter, grip strength has shown to significantly correlate with increased swing and throwing velocity. However, no investigations have examined grip strength asymmetries for hitters and pitchers. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine differences between right and left arm grip strength of baseball pitchers and hitters. METHODS: Division I collegiate baseball players (n = 45, height. (183.52 ± 11.77 cm) weight. (85.96 ± 17.73 kg.) performed dominate and non-dominate maximal grip strength …

Relationships Between Anthropometric Variables And The Internal Carotid Blood Flow, Alexandra M. Blades, Jose M. Moris, Ryan Curtis, Christian J. Chang, Vineet K. Paidisetty, Garett Petty, Yunsuk Koh

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Assessment of peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is utilized to examine stroke-symptomatic individuals for ICA stenosis. While a sedentary lifestyle is a common risk factor for ICA stenosis, a deeper understanding of how body composition affects ICA blood flow could provide insights before symptoms appear. PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between ICA blood flow and body composition variables. METHODS: ICA blood flow was assessed in eight healthy males (21.88 ± 2.25 years) on three different days to control for possible diurnal variability that could affect blood flow. Participants abstained from caffeine and physical activity for …

The Prevalence Of Burnout And Musculoskeletal Disorders In Physician Associates Students, Maeve E. Gobeyn, Tal Amasay, Randi Cooperman, Vered Arbel, Michelle Etchebaster

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Physician Associate, formerly known as Physician Assistant, (PA) is a growing occupation that originated in the 1960s. Previous research focused on the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and burnout in nursing, nursing students, PA, and ubiquitously assumed among many healthcare professionals; however, burnout and musculoskeletal disorders are under-researched in PA students. PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence of burnout and musculoskeletal disorders in Physician Associate students. METHODS: This study was conducted at a private university in Florida. Twelve PA students participated in the study, nine females and three males (mean age 26.3 ± 1.8 years; mean height 166.6 ± 7.6 …

The Effect Of Heat Acclimatization And Heat Acclimation On Endurance Trained Athlete Substrate Utilization, Jacob T. Richardson, Yasuki Sekiguchi, Courteney L. Benjamin, Alan T. Ky, Douglas Casa

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Heat acclimatization (HAz) and Heat Acclimation (HA) are important strategies to induce thermoregulatory adaptations to mitigate negative impact of heat stress. However, despite improving endurance performance, few studies explore their impact on substrate utilization. PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of HAz and HA on endurance athlete substrate utilization during submaximal exercise in the heat. METHODS: Fourteen endurance-trained male athletes (mean ± SD; age, 33 ± 9 years; body mass, 70.9 ± 10.1 kg; height, 177.7 ± 6.4 cm; VO_2max, 59.3 ± 7.4 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹; % body fat, 8.5% ± 3.9%) participated in this …

Comparative Effects Of Advanced Footwear Technology On Running Economy In Track Spikes And Racing Shoes, Garrett M. Oehlert

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Advanced footwear technology, such as highly-cushioned midsoles with carbon-fiber plates, has been shown to improve running economy (RE) in road racing shoes. More recently, similar features have been incorporated into track spikes; however, the impact of advanced spikes on RE has yet to be quantified. Furthermore, there has been no comparison of advanced spikes to advanced shoes. PURPOSE: Quantify the RE benefit of advanced track spikes compared to a control spike and determine whether RE is optimized more in an advanced racing shoe or an advanced track spike. METHODS: Four racing shoes (3 advanced, 1 control) and 3 …

Effects Of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation On Energy Expenditure And Oxygen Consumption, Victoria M. Rocha, Jehu Apaflo, Gabriel Narvaez, Ali Mossayebi, Joshua Labadah, Sudip Bajpeyi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Exercise is beneficial to improve metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Physical activity results in an increase in energy expenditure (EE) and oxygen consumption due to increased energy demand. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is an alternative strategy to induce muscle contraction. Our previous work have shown that NMES induced muscle contraction can improve metabolic health in an overweight and obese population. However, it is not known whether NMES induced muscle contraction leads to greater energy expenditure. PUPROSE: To determine the effect of NMES induced muscle contraction on energy expenditure and oxygen consumption. METHODS: Eighteen sedentary overweight/obese men …

The Influence Of Tabata And Energy Replenishment On Post-Exercise Metabolic Recovery: A Pilot Analysis, Tiffani Neuville, James Rowe Dr, Vivyan Gonzalez

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: Compare post-exercise metabolic recovery of individuals who, to recover from Tabata, drink 1) water (W), 2) 100% carbohydrate (CHO), or 3) 65% - 35% protein-carbohydrate (PRO-CHO). METHODS: Participants were recreationally active individuals (n = 21) who performed Tabata (TB) in the form of 1) full body calisthenics (FB) and 2) treadmill running (TR). Participants were randomly assigned to complete TB either with W (n=7), CHO (n=7), or PRO-CHO (n=7). Participants completed each of the three bouts in randomized order on three separate days. One bout involved sitting with no energy replenishment (rest). A second bout had the participants …

Electrical Stimulation While Resistance Training Leads To Greater Gains In Muscle Mass And Strength, Gabriel Narvaez, Jehu Apaflo, Amy Wagler, Sudip Bajpeyi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Resistance training (RT) has long been shown to increase muscle strength and muscle mass and is widely recommended for people of all ages and ability levels. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is an involuntary mode of inducing muscle contractions that has been used to prevent muscle immobility, weakness, strength loss, and muscle loss in rehabilitative settings. However, the additive effects of NMES and RT are not well established. PURPOSE:. To determine if superimposing neuromuscular electrical stimulation during a resistance training intervention elicits greater gains in muscle strength and/or muscle mass than resistance training being performed alone. METHODS: An electronic …

Sex Differences In The Accuracy Of Wut (Weight, Urine Color, Thirst) Diagrams Assessing Hydration Status, Jan-Joseph Rolloque, Marcos Keefe, Nigel Jiwan, Casey Appell, Madison Pomroy, Huiying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The WUT (Weight, Urine Color, Thirst) Venn diagram is a practical method to assess hydration status using percent body mass loss (%BML), urine color (U_COL), and thirst perception (TP). However, sex differences and the accuracy of WUT diagrams between males and females has not yet been investigated. PURPOSE: To observe sex differences in the accuracy of WUT diagrams assessing hydration status. METHODS: 8 males [M] (age: 21 ± 3; mass: 76.3 ± 15.6 kg) and 5 females [F] (age: 22 ± 2; mass: 60.5 ± 13.6) visited the laboratory twice a day (morning (7:00am-9:00am) and afternoon …

Impact Of Habitual Water Intake On Muscle Quality And Total Body Water-A Pilot Study, Kelly B. Elliott, Alan T. Ky, Casey Appell, Ryan Dunn, Nigel Jiwan, Cherish Dunlap, Ganesh C. Tallam, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Proper hydration is essential for critical health and performance functions, such as muscle function and body fluid balance. The effect of acute hydration status has been studied on health and muscle performance; however, the effect of habitual water intake on muscle quality and total body water between high and low consumption has not been examined. PURPOSE: To determine the impact of habitual water intake on muscle quality and total body water. METHODS: Eleven women (age: 27.6±7.9 years; mass: 60.3±10.8 kg) provided a five-day dietary food log to categorize them into HIGH or LOW daily total water intake (TWI). …

Age-Related Differences In Handgrip Strength Characteristics And Vertical Jump Performance, Kayla P. Sisneros, Pratibha S. Maurya, Evan Johnson, Ty B. Palmer

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Handgrip strength characteristics, such as peak force and rate of force development (RFD), have been shown to be significantly associated with the performance capacities of the lower-body musculature. Declines in lower-body performance are commonly reported as a consequence of aging. However, few studies have investigated the influence of age on handgrip peak force and RFD. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine age-related differences in handgrip peak force and RFD between young and older women and the relationships of these characteristics with lower-body performance during a vertical jump (VJ) test. METHODS: Twenty young (age = 21 ± 3 …

Handgrip Peak Force And Rate Of Force Development Measurements: Are They Reliable And Do They Correlate With Vertical Jump Power?, Pratibha S. Maurya, Kayla P. Sisneros, Evan Johnson, Ty B. Palmer

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Handgrip peak force and rate of force development (RFD) measurements have been shown to be effective parameters at characterizing the strength capacities of numerous muscle groups, including those of the lower extremities. However, the reliability of these measurements and their relationship with vertical jump (VJ) peak power remains uncertain. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of handgrip peak force and RFD measurements. A secondary aim was to determine if these measurements are correlated with the peak power produced during a VJ test. METHODS: Twenty young, healthy women (age = 21 ± 3 years) …

Postprandial And Fasting Lipopolysaccharide Levels In Healthy Hispanic Residents Of Southeast Texas With Positive Family History Of Type 2 Diabetes, Amanda J. Wheeler, Yu Lun Tai, Smaran Marupudi, Ryan D. Russell

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: Healthy people with a family history (FH+) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) display impaired metabolic and microvascular function prior to glucose intolerance, and are at greater risk for developing T2D. While mechanisms to explain this disparity are lacking, it is possible that intestinal permeability plays a role, as it is also linked with insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and chronic inflammation. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) act as an outer membrane component of gram-negative bacteria in intestines and play a role in inflammation and chronic disease when in circulation, thus serving as a surrogate measure of intestinal permeability. However, the link between FH+ …

Morning Versus Afternoon Body Mass In Free-Living Or Controlled Euhydration, Madi M. Pomroy, Marcos Keefe, Nigel Jiwan, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Casey Appell, Courteney L. Benjamin, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The standard protocol to assess hydration status is by measuring body mass in the early morning without controlling fluid intake. However, obtaining first-morning body mass is not necessarily feasible for many situations, for example, most physical activities take place in the afternoon. Thus, first-morning body mass might not be practical to assess hydration status. PURPOSE: To investigate first-morning body mass versus afternoon body mass in free- living and controlled euhydration. METHODS: 9 males (age: 21 ± 2; mass: 79.7 ± 17.8 kg) and 5 females (age: 22 ± 2; mass: 60.5 ± 13.6 kg) visited the laboratory in …

Effect Of Acute Exercise Mode On Test Anxiety: Aerobic Vs. Resistance, Natalie N. Trevino, Amber M. Shipherd, Christopher M. Hearon

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Test anxiety is a specific type of state anxiety when a person experiences perceived pressure to excel on a test. Test anxiety not only hinders test performance, but the person's long term psychophysiological health. Many students struggle with test anxiety, but females have a higher incidence of test anxiety than males. Bouts of aerobic exercise have been shown to decrease state anxiety, but no work has been done examining the effects of resistant training on state anxiety. PURPOSE: the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of acute aerobic and resistance exercise bouts on test anxiety among …

The Effects Of Acute Fasting On Anaerobic Performance In Naia Softball Players, Emily J. Sauers, Madison A. Garza, Jennifer M. Estrada

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Intermittent fasting has become a popular method for athletes to help manage body weight. Additionally, athletes with early morning athletic practice often omit breakfast and arrive in a fasted state. It is unclear how fasting impacts performance in softball players. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate anaerobic performance in NAIA Softball players following an overnight fast. METHODS: Eight NAIA female softball players participated in this randomized cross-over study. Athletes were on the active roster at Our Lady of the Lake University. Athletes were 20.7 ± 0.5 years old, 163.1 ± 2.1 cm tall, 151.5 ± 10.0 lb. …

Sacral Stress Fracture — Wrestling, Billal Siddiq, Nikolaos Gravvanis, Charalampos Kyratzoglou, Brett Hayes, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: During preseason, a 35-year-old wrestler complained of pain in his lower back concurrently with a tingling sensation in the left thigh and buttocks. PHYSICAL EXAM: The wrestler was examined by a physical therapist (PT) and, while discussing prior medical history, the athlete mentioned a previous diagnosis of a mild herniated disk (Grade 1). Upon clinical examination, the athlete demonstrated a full range of motion with some discomfort in passive hip extension. The PT suggested rest and rehabilitation through electrical stimulation, alongside the strengthening of the lumbar spine and hip abductor muscles. Ten days later, the athlete …

Sublingual Caffeine Supplementation And Its Effects On Physical Performance Measures In Highly Fit United States Military Personnel, Reggie B. O'Hara

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Caffeine is a commonly used countermeasure to combat sleep deprivation and alleviate physiological and psychological performance degradations in highly trained military personnel operating in extreme environments for extending periods. Although the mechanisms of action of caffeine are well described in the literature, the ergogenic effects of caffeine are variable based on the individual’s nutritional status, sensitivity to caffeine, genetics, dose, timing, and overall physical condition. PURPOSE: To explore the effects of moderate doses of sublingual caffeine on physical performance measures and perceptions of fatigue in highly fit U.S. military personnel. METHODS: A convenience sample of eleven highly trained, …

The Use Of Characteristics And Indicators Of Body Construction As Predictors In The Identification Of The Angle Values Of The Physiological Curves Of The Spine In Sequential Objective Testing - Mathematical Models, Jacek Tuz, Adam Maszczyk, Anna Zwierzchowska

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: The physiological curvatures of the spine in the sagittal plane are constantly evolving along with changes in the structure and proportions of the body and physical activity. The aim of this study is to identify and assess the strength of the influence of body features and indices on the values of lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis angles with the use of a mathematical model. In the years 2006–2016, 1,314 female students aged ( ± SD 19.7 ± 0.4) (min.–max. 18.1–22.5) were examined.

Materials and Methods. The following measurements were made: body mass (BM), body height (BH), waist circumference (WC), …

2023 Nccaa Indoor Track & Field Championships, Cedarville University

Men's and Women's Track & Field Programs

No abstract provided.

Richey Tune-Up High School Track & Field Meet, Cedarville University

Men's and Women's Track & Field Programs

No abstract provided.

Development Of The Taekwondo Performance Protocol To Assess Technical Speed And Quickness, Cengiz Ölmez, Selami Yüksek

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: The aim of this study is to develop the Taekwondo Performance Protocol (TPP), with which taekwondo-specific speed and quickness performance can be measured. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with the participation of 79 active athletes that were at least at 1st gup level (red – black belt). At the development stage of the TPP, reliability calculations were made using the test-retest method. During the examination of the validity of TPP, Illinois agility, 20-meter sprint, vertical jump, and anaerobic power (Lewis) performances and the correlations between them were examined. In addition, TPP's effectiveness in distinguishing athletes of different …

Cedarville Collegiate Invitational, Cedarville University

Men's and Women's Track & Field Programs

No abstract provided.

Sit Less, Move More: A National Study Of Physical-Activity Behavior And Cancer, Stella O. Nwogugu

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Background: Physical activity is associated with lower risks of cancer, the second leading cause of death among Americans. Yet, sedentary behavior is the prevailing lifestyle for about 80% of American adults. Additionally, cancer survivors remain significantly inactive, even though physical activity has been shown to decrease risk of cancer and cancer recurrence, improve tolerance of cancer therapy, and reduce mortality. This research explores the relative impact of personal agency, social support, and key demographic variables on physical-activity behavior for a national sample of adults as well as how these relationships differ for cancer survivors and their counterparts.

Methods: Using the …

A Swimming Program For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: Assessing Critical Parameters From Caregivers’ Perspectives, Abir K. Bekhet, Norah Johnson, Tana Karenke, Amy Van Hecke

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

One in 54 individuals is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Swimming can impact the physical and mental well-being of persons with ASD, which in turn may improve their caregivers’ well-being. The purpose of this qualitative evaluation study is to assess the necessity, acceptability, feasibility, fidelity, and beginning effectiveness of a 12-session swimming training program (STP) at an indoor university pool designed to teach persons with ASD how to swim, and to teach caregivers precautions for safety around water. Participants included 7 boys, and 3 girls with ASD [mean age 7.05 years (SD 1.17)] and their caregivers. Results indicated that …

The Effects Of Dynamic® Taping On Vertical Jumps In Adolescent Volleyball Players With Low Medial Longitudinal Arch, Dilek Hande Esen, Nihan Kafa, Nevin Atalay Guzel, Cengiz Akarcesme

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: Taping has long been used by health professionals to provide mechanical support for the musculoskeletal system. However, there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate the effect of Dynamic® taping. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Dynamic® taping on vertical jump and medial longitudinal arch height in adolescent volleyball players with navicular drop. Material and Methods: 23 female athletes participated in the study (mean age of 15.22 ± 1.54 years). The medial longitudinal arch height was evaluated with the navicular drop test. Vertical jumping was measured with the VERT® device (Mayfonk Athletic, USA). On the first …

Observed And Perceived Benefits Of Providing Physical Activity Opportunities In Elementary Schools: A Qualitative Study, Timothy J Walker, Derek W Craig, Christopher D Pfledderer, Michael C Robertson, Paula Cuccaro, Keisey Fumero, John B Bartholomew

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION: Schools play an important role in promoting physical activity for youth. However, school-based physical activity opportunities often compete with other academic priorities, limiting their implementation. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore elementary school teacher and staff perspectives on providing physical activity opportunities and how they impact students and learning.

METHODS: We partnered with a school district in Texas to conduct semi-structured individual interviews. We used a purposeful sampling approach to recruit elementary teachers and staff knowledgeable about the physical activity opportunities provided at their school. Interviews included questions about participant opinions of providing physical activity opportunities …

Physical Education And Covid-19: What Have We Learned?, Valeria Varea, Ana Riccetti, Gustavo González-Calvo, Marcela Siracusa, Alfonso García-Monge

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The aim of this paper is to explore what we have learned during the COVID-19 pandemic in the field of Physical Education in three different countries: Argentina, Spain and Sweden. Data were generated through semi-structured interviews, and the concept of field agency is used to make sense of the data. Differences were found among the three countries, regarding the content of the classes, the use of resources, the emotions of teachers, and the use of physical contact. This was also a result of the regulations and resources in place. The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated that the nature of the field …

Exploring The Re-Legitimisation Of Messages For Health And Physical Education Within Contemporary English And Welsh Curricula Reform, J. Stirrup, David Aldous, S. Gray, R. Sandford, O. Hooper, S. Hardley, A. S. Bryant, N. R. Carse

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This paper explores how messages for health and PE ([H]PE) within English and Welsh curricula are being re-legitimised through distinct performance and competence pedagogic models. Drawing upon Bernstein’s sociology of knowledge (Bernstein, 1996. Pedagogy, symbolic control and identity: Theory, research, critique. Taylor and Francis; 2000. Pedagogy, symbolic control and identity: Theory, research and critique (revised ed.). Rowman and Littlefield) data was generated through a deductive content analysis of the contemporary statutory English National Curriculum for Physical Education (NCPE) and the new Curriculum for Wales (CfW), Health and Well-Being Area of Learning and Experience (HWB-AoLE). Findings illustrate how the current English …

Supports And Services To Improve Academic Success Of High School Student Athletes, Samuel G. Nichols

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine whether supports and services offered in various study hall programs (Traditional, Objective Based, and/or Objective Based +) at the high school level to help student athletes be academically successful in terms of achieving a minimum GPA of 2.0 or above. Basketball programs were used for this study because it is a major sport in the school district in which the data were collected. Data were sought via questionnaires of chosen participants via convenience sampling from eight eligible high school athletic directors in one school district in Georgia. This study called for the …