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Articles 31 - 60 of 95
Full-Text Articles in Education
Paraprofessional Training: Working With Students With Disabilities, Patrice A. Thompson
Paraprofessional Training: Working With Students With Disabilities, Patrice A. Thompson
LC Journal of Special Education
The purpose of this literature review is to discuss current research related to paraprofessional training. According to Villa, Thousand, Nevin, and Malgeri (1996), paraprofessionals are an integral part of the inclusion of students with disabilities into the general education setting. The general education setting and curriculum can be defined as the place and content that students without disabilities receive and have access to in schools. Therefore, paraprofessionals require appropriate training and ongoing supports to help facilitate success of students with disabilities who access the general education curriculum (Villa et al., 1996). In order for students with disabilities to reach their …
A Review Of The Literature Concerning The Implementation And Efficacy Of Co-Teaching As A Means For Meeting The Needs Of Students With Learning Disabilities, Lee Shearer
LC Journal of Special Education
The purpose of this literature review is three-fold. First, the common definitions and practices associated with co-teaching will be briefly explored, in order to outline a framework, against which to examine empirical evidence. Secondly, I will briefly examine some of the experimental evidence that appears to provide support for the efficacy of this form of collaboration. Next, it will be beneficial to take a brief look at some of the qualitative evidence that appears to exist, supporting the benefits of co-teaching, in the development of effective teaching practices. Finally, I will attempt to piece together this information in a manner …
Writing Strategies And Older Students With Learning Disabilities, Lisa J. D. Thomas
Writing Strategies And Older Students With Learning Disabilities, Lisa J. D. Thomas
LC Journal of Special Education
This review focuses on literature dealing with strategies for writing for older students with learning disabilities. Specifically, the literature in this review deals with strategies that have developed from both cognitive/motivational conceptualizations, which looks at aspects of writing such as student ability and mental processes, and social/contextual conceptualizations, which looks at collaboration and the writing environment (Graham & Harris, 2011) . In the following three sections, I will provide a brief summary and critical analysis of five articles regarding writing strategies for high school students with learning disabilities, a discussion of the overall findings from these five articles, and implications …
Reading Disability And Mathematics Disability: Is There A Correlation?, Tim Overstreet
Reading Disability And Mathematics Disability: Is There A Correlation?, Tim Overstreet
LC Journal of Special Education
My review was conducted in order to provide me with research-based findings that could assist me in developing a better means of providing remediation to students who exhibit mathematics difficulties (Evans, 2008). In my review of articles, there were three specific student disability groups that were identified and referenced throughout the research: students exhibiting mathematics and concurring reading disabilities (MD-RD students), students exhibiting reading disabilities but not exhibiting mathematics disabilities (RD-only students), and students exhibiting mathematics disabilities but not exhibiting reading disabilities (MD-only students) (Bryant, 2005; Bryant & Bryant, 2008; Evans, 2008; Fuchs, Fuchs, & Prentice, 2004; Knopik, Alarcόn, & …
Inclusion At The Secondary Level: Ensuring Factors For A Successful Co-Teaching Program, Luke Saechao
Inclusion At The Secondary Level: Ensuring Factors For A Successful Co-Teaching Program, Luke Saechao
LC Journal of Special Education
The purpose of this literature review is to identify and examine what inclusion delivery models are being implemented, what co-teaching looks like, how it is being implemented, what implications for practice are being suggested, and specifically what factors help to determine success of a co-teaching program. After reviewing this literature review, administrative and educational professionals may have a better understanding of what the current research suggests, what current practices are being implemented, and what factors will help to foster a successful co-teaching program. They can further use the information from the discussions and practice the implications that are suggested at …
Review Of Reading Strategies For Students With Learning Disabilities, Amy Huskin
Review Of Reading Strategies For Students With Learning Disabilities, Amy Huskin
LC Journal of Special Education
The purpose of this paper is to examine a sampling of research on reading disabilities and intervention strategies. Five articles were reviewed and a summary and analysis of each is included. A plethora of information exists in education claiming to be the one stop solution for students with reading difficulties. It is important to recognize that many well researched methods have been around for a number of years and continue help students make gains. In other words it is important for educators not to abandon proven methods and change pedagogy every time a new idea surfaces. The paper will conclude …
Retention Of Students With Disabilities In Higher Education, Paula C. Lichiello
Retention Of Students With Disabilities In Higher Education, Paula C. Lichiello
LC Journal of Special Education
The following literature review will identify and explore some of the retention strategies identified for students with disabilities in higher education. The paper concludes with recommendations for leaders in higher education.
Building Level Principals' Roles In Special Education Teacher Retention, Charlotte R. Gilbar
Building Level Principals' Roles In Special Education Teacher Retention, Charlotte R. Gilbar
LC Journal of Special Education
Attrition of special education teachers has steadily increased. The number of general education teachers that left teaching in 1991-1992 was 5.2% and in 2000-2001, it was 7.1%. Special education teachers followed the same upward trend but had an even more significant increase, in 1991-1992, it was 4.9% and in 2000-2001, it was 8.7%. The rate for general education teachers increased approximately 2% and the rate for special education teachers almost doubled (Boe, Cook, & Sunderland, 2008). There are numerous reasons for special education teacher attrition. For purposes of this paper, I will look at specific variables related to work environment …
Literature Review Utilizing Handheld Devices In The Education Of Students With Special Needs, Edward A. Hoisington
Literature Review Utilizing Handheld Devices In The Education Of Students With Special Needs, Edward A. Hoisington
LC Journal of Special Education
In recent years, technology has had a greater influence in the treatments and interventions of students with ASD. The purpose of this paper is to examine the literature with regards to the use of a personal digital assistant (PDA) or other handheld devices with student diagnosed with ASD. A PDA is “a handheld computer that mainly serves as a personal information organizer,” it allows the user to input data through “an on-screen keyboard or handwriting recognition program using a stylus” (Ferguson, Myles, & Hagiwara, 2005, p. 60). PDAs and other handheld devices In recent years, technology has had a greater …
Educating Students With Disabilities In Alternative Schools: Challenges And Opportunities For School Leaders, Anthony H. Francis
Educating Students With Disabilities In Alternative Schools: Challenges And Opportunities For School Leaders, Anthony H. Francis
LC Journal of Special Education
The purpose of this paper is to explore the challenges that arise when students with disabilities are educated in alternative schools. Studies will be reviewed and analyzed to identify common themes. A discussion of the themes will be presented along with current trends. The paper will conclude with implications and opportunities for educational leaders in the field of alternative education.
Speech And Language Developmental Delays And Early Intervention Programs, Deidre Douglas-Washington
Speech And Language Developmental Delays And Early Intervention Programs, Deidre Douglas-Washington
LC Journal of Special Education
The purpose of this paper is to provide information about speech and language acquisition as it applies to children with developmental delays. Local education agencies, early interventionists, such as speech-language pathologists, and parents must provide literacy rich environments for pre-school aged children. The concerted effort among these individuals to provide speech and language services and activities for children in natural environments will be necessary to identify children who may need additional special education services and decrease the number of children being identified with a developmental disability. A review of the literature about early speech and language acquisition and intervention is …
Students With Special Needs And Career And Technical Education, Suzanne C. Calvert
Students With Special Needs And Career And Technical Education, Suzanne C. Calvert
LC Journal of Special Education
The purpose of this paper is to review the importance of creating a practical pairing of CTE and students with special needs. The combination is not without problems. Proper training to fully implement inclusion for CTE instructors and career counseling may be necessary to make significant improvements for current programs. Regardless of the issues facing CTE and students with special needs, this paper concludes with the undeniable benefits for the students with special needs.
Effective Strategies For Students With Learning Disabilities In Algebra, Leeann Calvert
Effective Strategies For Students With Learning Disabilities In Algebra, Leeann Calvert
LC Journal of Special Education
It has now become crucial to develop strategies and methods to effectively educate students with learning disabilities in mathematics. Strategies that target and improve student’s problem solving ability should positively impact their overall math performance, grades, graduation rates, and postsecondary success (Montague, Enders, & Deitz, 2011). This paper will review research-based practices in algebra employed to successfully educate upper middle and high school students with learning disabilities and provide a summary of those practices which are effective and useful.
Self-Determination And Culture: An Intervening Variable, Jenevie Wendy Bailey
Self-Determination And Culture: An Intervening Variable, Jenevie Wendy Bailey
LC Journal of Special Education
According to Wehmeyer at al. (2011), moderating variables exist that influence the outcome of successful self-determined individuals, which include age and life stages, gender, culture, religious beliefs and spirituality and experiences of oppression, segregation and discrimination (Zhang & Benz, 2006; Wehmeyer at al., 2011). This paper, however, will emphasize only the effects of culture in the quest for self-determined individuals. The purpose of this paper is to explore the special education literature to determine how self-determination is perceived in minority cultures and the possible cultural issues which affect self-determination. This paper may serve to fill in small gaps in the …
A Comprehensive Look Of Social Studies Instruction Seeking Effective Strategies, Lihua Yang
A Comprehensive Look Of Social Studies Instruction Seeking Effective Strategies, Lihua Yang
LC Journal of Special Education
First, this paper explains the possible barriers of instruction efficiency in social studies. Effective approaches, including application of universal design for learning, mnemonics, learning strategies, graphic organizers, and controversial discussion, are then reviewed to address learning problems in social studies. Thirdly, informal assessments such as portfolio, critical tools of preparing students in taking state wide assessment and tools of learning executive skills such as self-management, are discussed. Finally, this paper acknowledges the importance of effective instructional strategies in social studies and encourages educators to embrace student with different learning needs in social studies. Assessments are also emphasized to be incorporated …
Autism - The Sensory Piece, Marta Weis
Autism - The Sensory Piece, Marta Weis
LC Journal of Special Education
The first part of this paper will describe diagnostic characteristics of and the prevalence rates for autism. The second will outline sensory processing terminology and descriptions. The third part of this paper will describe research studies focusing on what if any links there are between ASD and sensory processing problems. The last part of this paper will discuss implications for educators and why understanding how sensory processing difficulties influence the behaviors of individuals with ASD.
Facilitating Successful Inclusion At Secondary Schools In Dominica: A Study Of Teachers’ Perspectives, Jean Thomas-Jeremy
Facilitating Successful Inclusion At Secondary Schools In Dominica: A Study Of Teachers’ Perspectives, Jean Thomas-Jeremy
LC Journal of Special Education
The introduction of Universal Secondary Education (USE) in Dominica some 15 years ago has given rise to inclusive education in the country’s secondary school system. Although there is no legislation to govern or regulate inclusive based practices, the Ministry of Education in Dominica is encouraging secondary school administrations to put measures in place to facilitate inclusion. One of the major questions that remain is: Are schools prepared to meet the challenges of inclusion in the regular classroom? This survey seeks to answer this and other questions by eliciting teachers’ perception on inclusive education practices in Dominica.
Auditory Processing Disorder (Apd): Identification And Accurate Diagnostic Procedures, Yvonne Mcmahon
Auditory Processing Disorder (Apd): Identification And Accurate Diagnostic Procedures, Yvonne Mcmahon
LC Journal of Special Education
The purpose of this paper is to acknowledge APD as a distinct learning disability thereby warranting its own disability category under IDEA. Secondly, this paper explains the heterogeneous nature of APD and the likeliness of co-occurring disorders associated with APD. The negative impacts of APD on behavioral, emotional, and social development are real and should not be underestimated. And thirdly, this paper urges parents, teachers, and school administrators to understand their role in advocating for correct diagnosis of learning disorders in an effort to provide their students with the most effective early intervention programs and elementary school instruction.
Reading Comprehension Interventions For Students With Learning Disabilities Or Reading Difficulties In Grades 3-12: A Literature Review, 2006-2011, Jessica R. Scott
Reading Comprehension Interventions For Students With Learning Disabilities Or Reading Difficulties In Grades 3-12: A Literature Review, 2006-2011, Jessica R. Scott
LC Journal of Special Education
The purpose of this review is to summarize recent scientific studies of various reading comprehension interventions for students with reading difficulties in grades 3-12 in order to provide a quick reference for administrators and educators who are interested in the latest research on reading comprehension interventions. Additionally, research findings are presented on how to increase the frequency of effective instruction of reading comprehension in the classroom.
Visual Strategies For Students With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Susan L. Mccorkle
Visual Strategies For Students With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Susan L. Mccorkle
LC Journal of Special Education
Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) commonly have deficits in the areas of communication, socialization, and behaviors. Because many students with ASD are described as visual learners, they tend to show improved response to information presented visually. By using a student's visual processing strength, these strategies can help decrease reliance on areas of deficits, such as auditory processing and communication. There are many supports teachers can use in the classroom to augment and enhance instruction that will increase student independence while decreasing dependence on adult prompts and cues (Ganz, 2007). Because students with ASD can have difficulties processing and understanding …
High School Special Education Teacher Retention: Does The Type Of Certification Make A Difference?, Diane Coughlin, Ravic Ringlaben
High School Special Education Teacher Retention: Does The Type Of Certification Make A Difference?, Diane Coughlin, Ravic Ringlaben
LC Journal of Special Education
Special education teacher retention is a nation-wide issue that continues. Almost half of special education teachers leave the profession during their first five years of teaching. Though some studies have researched this issue, few studies have compared teacher preparation: specifically, traditional versus alternative certification programs. This study focused on the perceptions of traditionally and alternatively certified high school special education teachers regarding their intent on leaving or staying in the profession. Data is provided that substantiates retention is still a problem for both traditionally and alternatively certified high school special education teachers. Suggestions to increase special education teacher retention are …
Decreasing Self-Injurious Behaviors In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Susan L. Mccorkle
Decreasing Self-Injurious Behaviors In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Susan L. Mccorkle
LC Journal of Special Education
There has been increased concern in developing successful interventions for problem behaviors in ASD due to a rise in diagnoses of this disorder (Doughty & Doughty, 2008). This paper will explore applied behavior analysis research studies that have examined interventions used in the attempt to decrease or extinguish SIB in children with ASD. Procedural alternatives for behavioral reduction will be investigated and the results of research will be evaluated for significant influence on SIB. These include reinforcement-based strategies, extinction strategies, removal of desirable stimuli, and the presentation of aversive stimuli. The functional relationship between SIB and these alternatives for behavior …
Academic Interventions For Students With Asd, Deanna B. Cash
Academic Interventions For Students With Asd, Deanna B. Cash
LC Journal of Special Education
Following the reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act in 2004 and its emphasis on inclusion of students with disabilities in the general education setting, students with Autism Spectrum Disorder are increasingly taught in general education classrooms (Leblanc, Richardson, & Burns, 2009; Simpson, Boer-Ott, & Smith-Myles, 2003). Data from the Annual Report to Congress on Implementation of IDEA (U.S. Department of Education, 2010) indicated that almost 90% of students with autism in public schools in the United States receive their education in general education classrooms for some part of the school day. Yet, both general education and special …
Assistive Technology: A Tool For Enhancing Classroom Instruction For Students With Learning Disabilities, Callista Brenda Virgile
Assistive Technology: A Tool For Enhancing Classroom Instruction For Students With Learning Disabilities, Callista Brenda Virgile
LC Journal of Special Education
The purpose of this paper is to show the uses of Assitive Technology (AT) as an educational tool, and to highlight a few devices that can be used in the areas of Reading, Writing, and Math for students with learning disabilities. Through the use of low-tech and high-tech devices, AT will be able to help students become better readers, writers, and mathematicians. In the area of Reading, the use of AT will help students improve upon and build on their spelling abilities, and also better students’ decoding, listening, and oral skills. In the area of Writing, the use of AT …
Picture Exchange Communication System A Review Of The Literature, Callista Brenda Virgile
Picture Exchange Communication System A Review Of The Literature, Callista Brenda Virgile
LC Journal of Special Education
The purpose of this paper is to show that Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is an effective communication device through documented research. Since the development of the protocol by Frost and Bondy (2002), there have been numerous research studies conducted (Pyramids Educational Consultants, 2009) supporting the use of PECS as a communication device especially in the area of autism. PECS was developed for children with autism because most children with autism have astonishing visual memory, they are able to learn rote memorization easily, they are visual PECS 4 thinkers, they are able to process a greater amount of material at …
Non-Responders: Current Findings In Reading Instruction As Related To Students Unresponsive To Early Intervention, Susan E. Sperduto
Non-Responders: Current Findings In Reading Instruction As Related To Students Unresponsive To Early Intervention, Susan E. Sperduto
LC Journal of Special Education
Questions still remain about whether or not current research – based reading instruction is effective for all students. There is a population of students that continue to struggle to learn how to read despite the use of research – based instruction. This population of students has been termed “non – responders” or “treatment resisters.” The emphasis on research – based reading instruction has promoted an increase of reading levels among students in the United States; however, the limited amount of research on the needs of students who are non – responder has yielded mixed reviews. The following paper will address …
Psychological Profiles Associated With Prader-Willi Syndrome, Jessica R. Scott
Psychological Profiles Associated With Prader-Willi Syndrome, Jessica R. Scott
LC Journal of Special Education
The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the psychological characteristics associated with PWS. Because psychological characteristics are by definition less visible than physical characteristics, they may be more easily hidden or misinterpreted. The aim of this paper is to provide a context for the visible behaviors that one might observe in someone who has Prader-Willi syndrome. For discussions of physical and medical considerations including hyperphagia and related behaviors in PWS, the reader is referred to the research and reviews reported by Eiholzer and Lee (2006), Goelz (2006), Scheimann, Lee, and Ellis (2006), and Whitman and Jackson …
The Implementation And Effective Use Of Graphic Organizers In The Classroom: Graphic Organizers To The Rescue, Fabienne Sara Nicholas
The Implementation And Effective Use Of Graphic Organizers In The Classroom: Graphic Organizers To The Rescue, Fabienne Sara Nicholas
LC Journal of Special Education
Many students are faced with the daily routines and demands of reading complex, ambiguous, de-motivating text book materials which pose no significance to them, and in many situations, they are unable to derive meaning or make sense of what they have read. One of the many unfortunate circumstances that students with learning disabilities have to face daily include challenging tasks, which are comprised of: texts not being reader-friendly, text materials written above their reading and comprehension level, text which focuses on skills instruction in isolation, and, text which requires higher-level thinking and reasoning. This sometimes leads to frustration. Students with …
Emotional Or Behavioral Disorders, E. Rene James
Emotional Or Behavioral Disorders, E. Rene James
LC Journal of Special Education
If surveyed across several generations, casual inquirers would not be hard-pressed to discover differing attitudes about current behavior challenges in schools today. While many structures have been established and documents written, one cannot deny the changes in focus that are now required to accommodate new attitudes and behaviors in many children in our public education system. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act maintains a formal definition of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (EBD) which led to this disorder being included in the list of IEP-warranted classifications. Children who exhibit symptoms within the listed criteria often are identified as demonstrating predominately externalizing …
Teaching Children With Epilepsy And Seizures: A Literature Review, Emily Driscoll
Teaching Children With Epilepsy And Seizures: A Literature Review, Emily Driscoll
LC Journal of Special Education
This research paper has been done in order to inform teachers of what they should know about epilepsy. The areas of importance to an educator will follow in this paper. The causes of seizures and the differing types will be discussed. Different methods of treatments and how they affect the individual are covered. Teachers are likely to encounter an individual who has epilepsy during their career and it is important to know what to do in the case of a seizure, which will be covered later. Lastly, the previous points will be put into the educational setting and the importance …