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Full-Text Articles in Insurance
Realistic Pension Funding: A Stochastic Approach, Shih-Chieh Chang
Realistic Pension Funding: A Stochastic Approach, Shih-Chieh Chang
Journal of Actuarial Practice (1993-2006)
The process funding pension plans is viewed as a dynamic control process. Two performance measures are introduced to evaluate the effectiveness of plan contributions: the cost-induced performance measure (CIPM) and the ratio-induced performance measure (RIPM). A dynamic programming approach is used to determining the optimal contributions with the objective of minimizing the performance measure. The methodology developed is applied to a sample of members of Taiwan's Public Employees Pension Plan (Tai-PERS). We show that RIPM produces more stable results than those using CIPM.
Decision Making Under Conflicting Criteria In Pension Valuations: An Expected Utility Model, Lisa Lipowski Posey, Arnold F. Shapiro
Decision Making Under Conflicting Criteria In Pension Valuations: An Expected Utility Model, Lisa Lipowski Posey, Arnold F. Shapiro
Journal of Actuarial Practice (1993-2006)
Many of the criteria used by actuaries when selecting assumptions for pension plan valuations often conflict. As a result, actuaries must weigh the various costs and benefits associated with a particular set of assumptions. We use expected utility theory to model the process of chOOSing actuarial assumptions when faced with potentially conflicting criteria. The three criteria considered are prudence, best estimate, and conservatism. The actual contribution chosen by the actuary is found to depend on the contribution level that triggers a red flag with respect to tax deductibility. If this level is relatively low, the actuary chooses a high contribution …
Tax Assistance To Qualified Retirement Savings Plans: Deferral Or Waiver?, Robert L. Brown
Tax Assistance To Qualified Retirement Savings Plans: Deferral Or Waiver?, Robert L. Brown
Journal of Actuarial Practice (1993-2006)
There exist significant tax incentives for retirement savings plans in Canada and the United States. Qualified employer and employee contributions, within limits, are tax deductible to the employer and nontaxable to the employee. Also, investment income is not taxed until taken. On the other hand, monies received from funds having such tax incentives are taxable in full as income to the recipient when taken. This paper analyzes the two tax advantages of qualified retirement savings plans: the tax deductibility of contributions and the nontaxation of investment income until it has been distributed. The algebraic analysis shows that the deductibility of …