Business Administration, Management, and Operations Commons^™

The Creation Of Trust - The Interplay Of Rationality, Institutions And Exchange, Martin Mathews, Peter Stokes

Martin Mathews

Relationships based on notions of trust represent a central aspect of the communitarian model of industrial districts. Examination of trust has generated a substantial literature; nevertheless, there have been relatively few studies that have empirically considered the sources of trust that operate in local ties and connections. The paper aims to redress this imbalance by investigating relationships in the Arve Valley industrial district near Geneva. It considers sources of trust by engaging the theoretical framework of Möllering’s (2006a) model of trust which is predicated on the concepts of reason, routine and reflexivity. In conjunction with this, the field research employs …

Are Committed Employees More Likely To Exhibit Innovative Behaviour : A Social Exchange Perspective, Matthew J. Xerri

Matthew J Xerri

This thesis examines workplace (social exchange) relationships and how they can be used to foster the organisational commitment and innovative behaviour of Australian nursing employees. This research addresses the paucity of knowledge about fostering innovative behaviour in the health sector. Such research is significant because developing innovative behaviour is one way of addressing issues surrounding the shortage of skilled nurses. The findings confirm that workplace social exchange is vital for ensuring employees possess networks to attain knowledge and support for innovative behaviour. Such information about innovative behaviour provides an understanding about one way of developing nurses’ efficiency.

Voice Without Say: Why Capital-Managed Firms Aren’T (Genuinely) Participatory, Justin Schwartz

Justin Schwartz

Why are most capitalist enterprises of any size organized as authoritarian bureaucracies rather than incorporating genuine employee participation that would give the workers real authority? Even firms with employee participation programs leave virtually all decision-making power in the hands of management. The standard answer is that hierarchy is more economically efficient than any sort of genuine participation, so that participatory firms would be less productive and lose out to more traditional competitors. This answer is indefensible. After surveying the history, legal status, and varieties of employee participation, I examine and reject as question-begging the argument that the rarity of genuine …

Innovation And Learning Through Knowledge Gatekeepers:A Critical Examination Of The Relationship Betweentrust, Openness, And The Use Of Gatekeepers, Deogratias Harorimana Dr

Dr Deogratias Harorimana

The term ‘gatekeeper’ is widely used to represent a class of those who collect information, knowledge and contextualise this before they can share with the rest of the members of the organisation knowledge networks-both formal and informal organisations. In this study, it was found:

1 that there is a strong relationship between the openness of a given firm, as regards its knowledge sharing culture and level trust, and that firm’s use of knowledge gatekeepers

2 that the stage of a given firm’s growth corresponds to its strategic use of different types of gatekeeping.

In early and decline (renewal) stages, for …

Organizational Culture In A Terminally Ill Hospital, Alberto Coustasse, Douglas A. Mains, Kristine Lykens, Sue G. Lurie, Fernando Trevino

Alberto Coustasse, DrPH, MD, MBA, MPH

This study analyzed an organizational culture in a community hospital in Texas to measure organizational culture change and its impact on Patient Satisfaction (PS). The study employed primary and secondary data, combining quantitative and qualitative methods for a case study. Participant observation was used and archival data were collected to provide a better understanding of the organizational culture and the context in which change was taking place. This study also applied a “Shared Vision” of the organization as the central process in bringing forth the knowledge shared by members of the community hospital who were both subjects and research participants. …

Innovation, Proximity, And Knowledge Gatekeepers –Is Proximity A Necessity For Learning And Innovation?, Deogratias Harorimana Dr

Dr Deogratias Harorimana

Organisational desire for innovation and growth can be best achieved when they are in proximity. Geographical or technological proximity represent network structure in which a focal organisation is embedded, which has structural, cognitive and relational dimensions. Proximity influences innovation indirectly by its influence on agents’ ability to exchange and combine knowledge in four related ways: by giving access to exchange partners that provide opportunities for learning, increasing the anticipation of value, increasing the motivation to exchange, and by giving access to resources necessary for committing exchanges.

Understanding Performance Ratings: Dynamic Performance, Attributions, And Rating Purpose, Jochen Reb, Gary J. Greguras

Jochen Reb

The present two studies integrate and extend the literatures on dynamic performance, performance attributions, and rating purpose, making several important contributions. First, examining attributions of dynamic performance, Study 1 predicted that performance mean and trend would affect judged ratee ability and effort and that performance variation would affect locus of causality; both predictions were supported by the results. Second, investigating the interaction between dynamic performance and rating purpose. Study 2 predicted that performance mean would have a stronger impact on administrative than on developmental ratings, whereas performance trend and variation would have a stranger impact on developmental than on administrative …

Mindfully Eating Raisins Improves Negotiation Success: The Effect Of Mindfulness No Negotiation Performance, Jochen Matthias Reb, J. Narayanan

Jochen Reb

Anecdotal evidence suggests that mindfulness, or open, non-judgmental awareness of the present moment, is important fornegotiation performance. We find support for this prediction in four experiments using a variety of different mindfulnessmanipulations and both objective and subjective measures of negotiation performance. We also provide evidence that the effectof mindfulness on negotiation performance is partly mediated by reduced anxiety.

Dynamic Performance And The Performance-Performance Rating Relation, Jochen Reb, Gary J. Greguras

Jochen Reb

In this commentary we discuss the appropriateness and usefulness of taking into account the dynamic nature of performance when considering the relation between job performance and ratings of job performance. Like the vast majority of research in this area, Murphy (this issue) does not critically examine whether or how changes in ratee performance over time influence job performance ratings. As noted by Murphy and Cleveland (1995), a limitation of performance appraisal research is that it has ignored that employee performance “…is embedded in a context or pattern of employee performance over time” (p. 73). In this commentary, we argue that …

Global Culture Concerns, Korcel M. Price

Korcel M Price

The following proposal seeks to change hiring, promoting, and firing practices among global and trans-national companies. The changes are intended to fortify the organization through better management, a better employee contract, and by moving closer to a learning organization.

At the heart of the proposal is the desire to move hiring, promoting, and firing practices to an external or internal third party, as means of creating a global culture that consistently applies the values of supra system’s organization.

Cinco Desafíos Para El Gobierno Corporativo De Las Organizaciones Sin Fines De Lucro, Alfredo Enrione

Alfredo Enrione

No abstract provided.

The Stability Of Offshore Outsourcing Relationships: The Role Of Relation Specificity And Client Control, Stephan Manning, Arie Y. Lewin, Marc Schuerch

Stephan Manning

Offshore outsourcing of administrative and technical services has become a mainstream business practice. Increasing commoditization of business services and growing client experience with outsourcing have created a range of competitive service delivery options for client firms. Yet, data from the Offshoring Research Network (ORN) suggests that, despite increasing market options and growing client quality and cost efficiency expectations, clients typically renew provider contracts and develop longer-term relationships with providers. Based on ORN data, this paper explores drivers of this phenomenon. The findings suggest that providers promote contract renewal by making client specific investments in software, IT infrastructure and training, and …

Securing Access To Lower-Cost Talent Globally: The Dynamics Of Active Embedding And Field Structuration, Stephan Manning, Joerg Sydow, Arnold Windeler

Stephan Manning

This article examines how multinational corporations (MNCs) shape institutional conditions in emerging economies to secure access to high-skilled, yet lower-cost science and engineering talent. Based on two in-depth case studies of engineering offshoring projects of German automotive suppliers in Romania and China we analyze how MNCs engage in ‘active embedding’ by aligning local institutional conditions with global offshoring strategies and operational needs. MNCs thereby contribute to the structuration of field relations and practices of sourcing knowledge-intensive work from globally dispersed locations.Our findings stress the importance of institutional processes across geographic boundaries that regulate and get shaped by MNC activities.

Lean Manufacturing Problem Solving Approach To Journal Access Issues, Linda Matula Schwartz Mde, Ahip, Cm, Kristine A. Petre Mls, Ahip, Cm

Linda Matula Schwartz MDE, AHIP, CM

No abstract provided.

Kulturowe Aspekty Emocji W Zarządzaniu, Pawel Krzyworzeka

Pawel Krzyworzeka

Celem tego przeglądowego artykułu jest krytyczna analiza zagadnienia pracy emocjonalnej oraz, przede wszystkim, wskazanie jaki wpływ wywarła ta koncepcja na obszar badań organizacji i zarządzania. Zauważyć można znaczące zainteresowanie emocjami, szczególnie wśród badaczy sektora usług w stanach zjednoczonych. Impulsem na napisania tego przeglądowego artykułu było spostrzeżenie, że ten wyraźnie wydzielony nurt w międzynarodowej literaturze z zakresu zarządzania, w Polsce jest jedynie lekko zaznaczony.

Risk Analysis & Management In Student-Centered Spacecraft Development Projects, Jeremy Straub, Ronald Fevig, James Casler, Om Yadav

Jeremy Straub

Student involvement in any engineering project introduces an element of risk. This risk is particularly pronounced with small spacecraft projects, as a failure of the spacecraft on-orbit can result in a complete failure of the mission. However, student involvement in these projects is critical to allow research aims to be accomplished, in a university setting, and to train the next generation of spacecraft engineering professionals. The nature of risks posed by student involvement is discussed and a framework for assessing and mitigating these risks presented.

Agency Theory And Bounded Self Interest: The Moderating Role Of Fairness, Robert Phillips, Douglas Bosse

Robert Phillips

While agency theory’s contributions to our understanding of economic organization and strategic management are unparalleled, reviews of the empirical tests call for more explanatory muscle at the extremes. This paper provides arguments that answer that call. Relying on well-established findings from social psychology and other disciplines, we propose that agency theory’s assumption of pure self-interest be replaced with the more descriptively accurate assumption of self interest that is bounded by norms of fairness and reciprocity. The resulting arguments explain that perceptions of fairness/justice moderate the effectiveness of incentive alignment and monitoring mechanisms.

Negative Impact Of Emotional Labor On A Corporate Image: The Case Of Amway Poland, Pawel Krzyworzeka

Pawel Krzyworzeka

This article analyzes the effect of the emotionality of Polish direct sales representatives on the corporate image of Amway Poland in mainstream media. The findings are based on the interpretative analysis of public discourse on multi-level marketing in Poland. The article concludes that business practitioners that are willing to apply some forms of emotion management in a different country should be especially sensitive to its prevailing forms of emotionality. Learning which behavior is and is not acceptable in a society could be accomplished by conducting analysis of its public discourse.