Business Commons^™

Three Essays On Financial Economics, Jiangyuan Li

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Disagreement measures are known to predict cross-sectional stock returns but fail to predict market returns. This paper proposes a partial least squares disagreement index by aggregating information across individual disagreement measures and shows that this index significantly predicts market returns both in- and out-ofsample. Consistent with the theory in Atmaz and Basak (2018), the disagreement index asymmetrically predicts market returns with greater power in high sentiment periods, is positively associated with investor expectations of market returns, predicts market returns through a cash flow channel, and can explain the positive volume-volatility relationship.

Exchange Rate Regimes And Economic Growth, Amandarae Matthew

Undergraduate Theses

This paper explores the relationship between economic growth and exchange rate regimes among countries of lower income, lower middle income, upper middle income, and high-income countries. Countries must make careful consideration when choosing an exchange rate regime because each regime can have different long-term effects. A cross section pooled time series data will be used for a sample of 42 countries over the period of 2000-2018. Multiple models will examine the various relationships between types of exchange rate regimes, changes in exchange rate regimes, and economic growth. The components of the models being tested include political stability, change in terms …

Hosting The Fifa World Cup: An Economic Analysis Of How The World Cup Has Impacted The Economy Of A Developed And A Developing Nation, Juan Borga

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

This thesis is a microeconomic study of the economic impact hosting the FIFA World Cup can have on both a developed and developing nation. I will examine the economies of Germany and Brazil, three years prior and three years after hosting the tournament in 2006 and 2014 respectively. The pressures imposed by the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) require significant monetary investments for the World Cup to be considered successful, but have countries been allocating their resources effectively? The purpose of this thesis is to determine the extent to which it is economically advantageous for a nation to host …

Essay 1: How We Feel: The Role Of Macro-Economic Sentiment In Advertising Spending-Sales Relationship; Essay 2: It Was The Best Of Times; It Was The Worst Of Times: The Effect Of Emotional Uncertainty And Arousal On Healthy Food Choices, Leila Khoshghadam

Theses and Dissertations in Business Administration

Essay 1: Controversies regarding the advertising spending-sales relationship have spawned many studies in marketing. Previous research on macroeconomic influencers of this relationship has focused mostly on objective macroeconomic indicators such as cyclical contraction and expansion. Extending these previous studies, the current research argues that sales response to advertising is also contingent upon the pervasive feelings present in the macroeconomic environment, above and beyond the influence from objective macroeconomic factors. Specifically, it argues that future outlook negativity and uncertainty in macroeconomic sentiment can affect the ad spending-sales relationship. Analyzing sales and advertising spending data for salty snacks in conjunction with macroeconomic …

The Impact Of American Economic Aid On Post-World War Ii Germany, Gabriella Barber, Emily T. Carlstrom

Senior Theses

This paper examines the state of Germany immediately after World War II, describing how the American government intervened in West German reconstruction. It analyzes three specific German companies that overcame hardship in the 1940s and 50s and have become powerhouses today. Additionally, an overview of the current German economy shows how the country is positioned as a world leader.

Research was conducted using literary print sources, scholarly internet databases, and a formal interview with Klaus Becker, Honorary Consul to Germany. He is a German-American businessman who has held roles in several non-political associations, including President of the Charlotte World Trade …

Trade Financing In Emerging Markets, Jamie L. Morris

Senior Theses

Businesses need capital to initiate trades, drive growth, and produce profit, but unfortunately, not all companies can access to capital easily. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), although critical to the global economy, typically have trouble funding trades because of a lack of creditworthiness. This problem worsens for SMEs in emerging markets in volatile economies with political instability (“Trade finance and SMEs” 2016, p.11-21). In this study, we analyze how third-party trade finance companies can help finance trades more easily for SMEs in eight (8) emerging markets: Kenya, Rwanda, Ethiopia, Chile, Peru, Thailand, Cambodia, and Indonesia. We use a unique source …

Forecasting Attrition By Afsc For The United States Air Force, Trey S. Pujats

Theses and Dissertations

Retention and personnel management is a challenge for every organization, particularly the military due to its hierarchical structure and barriers to entry. Talent must be developed and retained to become leaders, beginning at the lowest level in the Air Force. The Air Force faces a retention problem unlike most organizations that requires a unique perspective and tailored solution to each Air Force Specialty Code (AFSC). There exists previous efforts to predict attrition rates in the Air Force based on economic factors. This study expands upon the economic factors and tailors the predictor variables of attrition based on the AFSC. The …

Essays On The Disposition Effect, Matthew Henriksson

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation contains two essays that shed new light on the disposition effect – that is, the tendency for investors to be especially eager to realize gains over losses. The first essay combines county-level natural disaster data with individual investor transactions to document an increased disposition effect for investors impacted by a natural disaster. This effect is increasing in disaster severity and decreasing in the length of time following the event, suggesting that extreme natural disasters can significantly influence investor behavior, especially in the short term. These findings are not explained by liquidity needs, tax incentives, or informed trading. The …

Essays On Mortgage Portfolio Diversification, Timothy Patrick Dombrowski

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Portfolios of mortgage loans played an important role in the Great Recession and continue to compose a material part of bank assets. The distribution of mortgage portfolio returns, and consequently, the risk of these portfolios, is quite distinct even from other fixed income asset classes. This dissertation contains three essays, each aiming to analyze a specific component of risk in mortgage portfolios and role of geographical diversification in reducing this risk.

The first essay investigates how cross-sectional dependence in the underlying properties flows through to the loan returns, and thus, the risk of the portfolio. In addition to demonstrating this …

Factores Determinantes De Innovación En Las Empresas De Los Sectores Comercio Y Servicios: Análisis Econométrico De La Encuesta De Desarrollo E Innovación Tecnológica Edit 2017, Jhonathan Rolando Largo Gonzalez, Manuel Alejandro Monroy Gonzalez

Economía

En el presente trabajo se analizaron los factores determinantes de innovación en los sectores de comercio y servicios en Colombia a partir de los datos obtenidos de la encuesta de desarrollo e innovación tecnológica EDIT (2017), los cuales son empleados en un Modelo Logit para encontrar las probabilidades que tienen las empresas para innovar. Se pudo concluir que el tamaño de las firmas, el nivel de educación, la inversión y la financiación son variables que tienen un alto grado asertividad para la generación o no de innovación

The Influence Of Internal Audit Competency On Financial Reporting Quality And Enterprise Risk Management, Melissa E. Renschler

2020

The internal audit function (IAF) is critically important to financial reporting quality and enterprise risk management (ERM). Following both the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the financial crisis of 2008, there have been improvements to other monitoring functions, such as the audit committee, management, and the external auditor, but regulation over the IAF is nearly absent. Further, our understanding of how IAF competency is developed and how IAF competency impacts both financial reporting quality and ERM outcomes is limited. My dissertation consists of three archival studies that investigate IAF competency using LinkedIn data. Taken together, these three studies contribute to …

Análisis De Las Interacciones Sociales Entre Los Organismos De Cooperación Internacional Y Los Procesos De Organización Colectiva En El Departamento Del Chocó, En Respuesta A La Actividad Extractiva Auroplatinifera En El Periodo 2002 2016, Jessica Paola Beltrán Martínez, Yuly Tatiana Quitian Orjuela

Negocios y Relaciones Internacionales

Esta investigación está orientada a entender el sistema de interacciones entre las representaciones colectivas del departamento del Chocó y los grupos de trabajo de los organismos de cooperación internacional. Pretende aportar una reflexión sobre la relación que se da entre dichos grupos, enfatizando en las necesidades del departamento, así mismo busca cuestionar las razones por las cuales se hace necesaria la intervención de organismos internacionales y su influencia en el territorio. Este estudio es de corte cualitativo, con análisis deductivo-inductivo, a partir de datos recolectados de entrevistas semiestructuradas y un seguimiento a referentes teóricos acorde a las categorías de análisis. …

Three Essays On Entry Barriers And Incentives In Labor Markets, Samuel Ingram

Theses and Dissertations--Economics

Occupational choice at the margin depends on both the incentives for entry and barriers to entry. The primary entry barrier determined by regulation is an occupational license. These are government laws determining the minimum qualifications to enter an occupation including education, testing, fees, and background checks. These regulations are currently enforced on 25% of the US labor market. The laws are crafted to protect consumers from unsafe goods and services but also have important consequences in labor market outcomes. The consequences may include fewer workers entering the profession, changes to which workers enter the profession, and altering competition, all of …

Customer And Employee Social Media Comments/Feedback And Stock Purchasing Decisions Enhanced By Sentiment Analysis, Drew Mikel Hall

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) warns professional investors that sentiment analysis tools may lead to impulsive investment decision-making. This warning comes despite evidence showing that aided social sentiment investment decision tools can increase accurate investment decision-making by 18%. Using Fama's theory of efficient market hypothesis, the purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine whether customer Twitter comments and employee Glassdoor feedback sentiment predicted successful investing decisions measured by business stock prices. Two thousand records from 3 archival U.S. public NASDAQ 100 datasets from March 28, 2016, to June 15, 2016 (79 days) of 53 companies with …

The Precariat And The Pandemic: Assessing The Wellbeing Of Metro Orlando's Hospitality Workers During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Caroline Austin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-

In 2018, the Orlando metro area was visited by 126.1 million tourists, a new record which the area has broken for its eighth year (Sanata 2019). As the number of visitors to the area continues to rise, so has the number of people employed by the hospitality industry which currently makes up the largest sector of the area's job market, employing 280,000 workers as of December 2019 (Bureau of Labor Statistics). Consistent growth in various insecure and unstable jobs of this kind have prompted the development of theory regarding the emergence of a new class known as the precariat. The …

An Empirical Analysis Of Company Culture: Using Glassdoor Data To Measure The Impact Of Culture And Employee Satisfaction On Performance, Linnea Uyeno

CMC Senior Theses

This paper examines the impact of culture and employee satisfaction on company performance; it considers which elements of culture are most important in specific industries: manufacturing, technology, and finance. Additionally, it explores whether these elements of productive cultures are also associated with employee satisfaction. It uses data from the MIT Sloan Management Review/Glassdoor Culture 500 database, which applied machine learning to analyze 1.2 million Glassdoor reviews. This data quantitatively measures nine dimensions of culture: agility, collaboration, customer focus, diversity, execution, innovation, integrity performance, and respect—assigning each company a score for every cultural dimension. Two depende­­­nt variables are used to measure …

Culture Of Countries And Country-Index Crash Risk, Jason Petri

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Previously crash- risk studies have focused on assessing at the firm level the likelihood of a firm’s equity to crash (a rapid decline in value), apart from the dynamics of its respective country-level market. In this study, however, I examine the determinants of an overall countrylevel equity crash apart from the dynamics of the global market. I will argue that this is a very different focus of analysis that will provide valuable information to both investors and policy makers. Expansion of credit and subsequent equity-market bubbles and crashes are of particular concern to foreign direct investors (FDI), as country-level equity …

A Case For The Congo: How Can Education And Agriculture Lead To Economic Development?, Arthur Kilongo

Senior Projects Spring 2020

Since its independence from Belgium in 1960 until this point in time, the Democratic Republic of the Congo has more than often experienced violence and political instability that have prevented the creation of a stable economy and functional political system. As a result, quality education and high paying jobs are scarce in the DR Congo today, resulting in poverty to the extent where many people in the country live on less than $1.90 per day. According to the International Labour Organization, as many as 68.7% of Congolese worked in agriculture in 2019. This paper investigates how education and training can …

Financial Advisory Firms’ Strategies For Diversifying And Growing Clients’ Portfolio, Gerald Lee House

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Abstract

Less than half of all U.S. households have some form of retirement assets. Advisors who fail to use alternative investment strategies may not accumulate enough retirement assets for their clients. Grounded in Markowitz's modern portfolio theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore alternative investment strategies financial advisors use to enhance the growth and diversification of their clients' retirement assets. Data were collected from semistructured interviews and company documents from 4

financial advisors in Georgia and South Carolina who had successfully incorporated alternative investments in their clients' retirement portfolios. Thematic analysis was used to analyze …

Understanding And Measuring Net Positive Business Strategies, Luke Ruffner Robinson

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Despite their attempts to mitigate ecological impacts through sustainability initiatives, businesses are a major cause of the world's ecological problems. Some progressive businesses are attempting to move beyond “net zero” in terms of achieving neutral environmental impacts and instead are now pursuing a goal of net positive. Net positive refers to the idea that business activities could contribute value-added benefits to earth’s ecological systems, for example, by using technologies that sequester and store carbon. However, except for a handful of high-profile corporate case studies, little is known about how companies are developing their strategies to become net positive and …

Reducing Voluntary Employee Turnover In Supermarkets, Elena Wynn Cubillo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Supermarkets in the United States are experiencing losses in profitability due to an increase in voluntary employee turnover. Grounded in Herzberg’s two-factor theory of motivation, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies supermarket managers use to reduce voluntary employee turnover. Participants were 5 supermarket managers in the Southeast United States who successfully reduced voluntary employee turnover. Participants responded to 7 open-ended, semistructured interview questions. A review of company documents and peer-reviewed journals supplemented the data collection. Thematic analysis was used to analyze data and 4 themes emerged: compensation, employee recognition, organizational culture, and empowerment. The …

Consumer Credit Card Debt And Immigrants: A Cross-Sectional Study Of U.K. Immigrants’ Financial Capability, Paul Wesley Thompson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The problem addressed in this study is the ubiquitous nature and high level of consumer debt associated with certain demographics; however, research in the context of immigrants in the U.K. are limited. The problem is the lack of information about the association between credit card debt and immigrants, specifically on whether the income gap between U.K. immigrants and British citizens affects the level of consumer debt. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional correlational study is to examine whether there is an association between the income gap that exists between immigrants and British citizens and their respective levels of consumer debt, …

Innovation-Driven Growth In Heavy Equipment Firms, Raynald J. Gallant

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Lack of innovation-driven revenue growth can have adverse effects on organizational outcomes. Company leaders who do not pursue innovation put their firm's survival at risk. Grounded in Christensen's theory of disruptive innovation and Rogers's diffusion of innovation theory, the purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship between company culture, company maturity, company revenue, and innovation-driven revenue growth rate in global heavy equipment manufacturing firms. Secondary data (N = 50) were collected from the Yellow Table, an annual listing of the top 50 global heavy equipment companies by revenue from 2002 to 2018. The results of the …

How We Value Future Generations, Elias Connors Dorf

Senior Projects Fall 2020

This project examines how we value future generations. From looking at different ways we value future and present wellbeing we are able to see a tension that arises from having a high value on both. When looking at examples of ways we value future wellbeing we can see that if you value future wellbeing highly it will devalue current wellbeing. Then we look for a justification for valuing one over the other. This leads us into two ways of how we justify valuing either valuation of wellbeing and a discussion of the average and the classical principles of utility. We …

Plan De Exportación Para La Empresa Congelados Andinos S. A, Sebastián Alexis Amador García, Sharon Daniela Martin Galindo, Santiago José Martínez Riaño

Finanzas y Comercio Internacional

Congelados Andinos S.A es una empresa dedicada a procesar y distribuir alimentos agrícolas congelados de alta calidad. La empresa busca lograr un posicionamiento importante en el mercado nacional e internacional, apoyándose cada vez más en el fortalecimiento de su cadena de procesos, con el fin, de acercar a todos los pequeños y grandes consumidores a su catálogo de productos, al tiempo que fomenta el crecimiento de los pequeños agricultores e integra importaciones esporádicas de alimentos. Este trabajo propuso una hoja de ruta que brindara a la empresa la posibilidad de incrementar su valor y cumplir su objetivo, se elaboró un …

Strategies Small Business Owners Use To Access Working Capital To Fund Operations, Michael Patrick Belleman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Many small business owners encounter a lack of access to traditional bank funding that limits the owner’s ability to meet working capital shortages to sustain operations. Grounded in the resource-based view, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies that small, home health care agency owners use to access working capital lending sources to finance their operations. The participants comprised 3 owners of small home health agencies in Wayne County, Macomb County, and St. Clair County, Michigan, who developed and implemented successful strategies to obtain working capital. Data were collected through semistructured interviews using open-ended questions, …

Educación Financiera En Jóvenes Del Sector Agropecuario, Para Retomar Los Agronegocios En La Vereda De Pie De Peña En El Municipio De Garagoa En Boyacá, Bryan Andrés Acevedo Ramírez

Finanzas y Comercio Internacional

La educación financiera tiene como objetivo mejorar la habilidad y confianza de las personas, a la vez generar conciencia de los riesgos financieros, y así tomar decisiones más acertadas que contribuyan al bienestar económico. Para ello se han implementado estrategias educativas en la vereda Pie de Peña del municipio de Garagoa, con el propósito que los jóvenes retomen los agronegocios como alternativa para mejorar sus finanzas personales y de esta manera construir un patrimonio sostenible. El estudio se abordó a través de referentes teóricos, con un diseño metodológico mixto y con elementos cualitativos. A partir de esta metodología implementada se …

Plan De Internacionalización: Herramienta Fundamental De Aprovechamiento Para La Expansión A Nuevos Mercados Para La Empresa Nativa Produce Sas En La Exportación De Arándanos Azules Con Destino Al Sudeste Asiático, Luis Felipe Duran Espitia, Daniel Estiven Hurtado Carvajal, Daniela Mantilla Gordillo

Finanzas y Comercio Internacional

La empresa Nativa Produce, actualmente es una empresa reconocida por la producción y exportación de frutas y verduras con alto estándar de calidad y por la misma calidad de sus productos ha logrado consolidarse como una empresa icono colombiana. Actualmente, la empresa produce y exporta una serie de productos, entre los que se encuentran los arándanos, sin embargo, los niveles de exportación son leves en comparación con la capacidad de producción que la empresa posee. Nuestro objetivo general es determinar cuáles son los factores que se deben tener en cuenta para desarrollar un plan de internacionalización de arándanos para la …

Cadenas Globales De Valor Y Precarización Laboral: Un Análisis De La Industria De La Moda, Danna Sofía Valero León

Finanzas y Comercio Internacional

El presente documento se encarga de relacionar las cadenas globales de valor y la precarización laboral teniendo en cuenta países potencia de la industria de la moda como lo son Francia, España e Italia y países productores como Bangladesh, Indonesia y Vietnam. Se demuestra por medio de filtros macroeconómicos y microeconómicos como la alta producción para la industria textil en países no desarrollados, con altos índices de pobreza genera consecuencias desafortunadas para estos países basados en su contexto social, las precarias condiciones laborales que los países distribuidores les proveen. Finalmente, se analizan los efectos económicos y sociales que la industria …

Modelo De Innovación Social Utilizando Bioabono Caso De Estudio De La Fundación No Trash, Laura Melisa García Suspe, Lina Sofía Mora Torres, Valeria Murcia Garzón

Finanzas y Comercio Internacional

La Laguna de Fúquene ha presentado problemas de contaminación durante los últimos años, debido a la proliferación de plantas invasoras como el buchón (Eichhornia crassipes), que cada día viene deteriorando a la Laguna y como consecuencia su desecación. Por otro lado, los terrenos que se utilizaron para fines agrícolas y agropecuarios han causado afectación a la Laguna, para los años 2001 y 2002 se evidencia que hay una sobreexplotación del recurso hídrico, como consecuencia de la construcción de una planta de riego. Por esta razón la investigación se basa en proponer un modelo de innovación social para la difusión y …