Business Commons^™

Trust And Investments Across Cultures, Thomas D. Berry, Omur Suer

Thomas D Berry

Cultural Landscape In Mongolian Tourism, R Buckley, Claudia Ollenburg, L Zhong

Claudia Ollenburg

The Mongolian steppes and their nomads, horses, herds and gers form a cultural landscape which is the region’s icon attraction, the central image in Mongolian marketing, the key feature of its flagship tourism products, and the most heavily commoditized component of its industry. In other Mongolian landscapes, and also in the steppes of neighboring regions and the grasslands of Africa, Australia, and North America, natural and cultural heritage are treated as separate attractions. The concept of cultural landscape is heavily used in a World Heritage context, has a significant role to play in the global tourism industry, and deserves further …

Marketing Blackness: How Advertisers Use Race To Sell Products, David Crockett

David Crockett

Marketing blackness, or black cultural identity, involves promotional strategies reliant on persons and other symbolic and material representations socially and historically constructed as black (e.g. speech and phonetic conventions, folklore, style, fashion, music, usage of the body, and the black physical form). This research presents a framework that assesses the strategic role blackness representations play in US advertising. The framework addresses the fundamental question of how advertisers use blackness representations to deliver promises about their products’ benefits, a necessary first step in ultimately understanding their effectiveness and their impact on blackness itself. The framework orders blackness representations along two dimensions …

The Impact Of Culture On Inter And Intra Organization Supply Chains At Nissan, Carol Gill

Carol Gill

This paper examines how national and organizational culture influences supply chain management. To do this it reports on the case of Nissan Motor Company and finds that Japanese national culture had a significant impact on Nissan’s inter organizational supply chain. In addition to this, national culture influenced organizational culture which had a substantive impact on Nissan’s intra organizational supply chain. This article also analyses how Nissan was able to integrate its internal supply chain through culture change that successfully introduced Anglo business and human resource management practices into a Confusion Asian culture. It concludes that Nissan's organization culture had a …

The Effects Of Culture On Decision Making And Judgment, Donnel A. Briley

Donnel A Briley

No abstract provided.

The Urge To Merge: Accounting Firm Mergers, Mark E. Pickering

Mark E Pickering

The article focuses on the significance of merger and acquisitions for accounting firms in Australia. According to the author, the expected benefits of mergers include geographic expansions, gaining scale, adding new services, gaining access to capabilities and addressing issues in one or both firms. It is stated that the possibilities of a successful merger can be developed through merger benefit adjustments, merger-fit and integration approach.

What Lessons Can We Learn From Babe, A Sheep-Pig,, Janet G. Sayers, Lara Ruffolo

Janet G Sayers

When Does Culture Matter In Marketing, Donnel A. Briley, Jennifer L. Aaker

Donnel A Briley

No abstract provided.

When Does Culture Matter?: Effects Of Personal Knowledge On The Correction Of Culture-Based Judgments, Donnel A. Briley, Jennifer L. Aaker

Donnel A Briley

Four experiments demonstrate that culture-based differences in persuasion arise when a person processes information in a cursory, spontaneous manner, but these differences dissipate when a person’s intuitions are supplemented by more deliberative processing. North Americans are persuaded more by promotion-focused information, and Chinese people are persuaded more by prevention-focused information, but only when initial, automatic reactions to messages are given. Corrections to these default judgments occur when processing is thoughtful. These results underscore the idea that culture does not exert a constant, unwavering effect on consumer judgments. A key factor in determining whether culture-based effects loom large or fade is …

Cultural Chameleons: Biculturals, Conformity Motives, And Decision Making, Donnel A. Briley, Michael W. Morris, Itamar Simonson

Donnel A Briley

Prior research suggests that bicultural individuals (i.e., individuals with 2 distinct sets of cultural values) shift the values they espouse depending on cues such as language. The authors examined whether the effects of language extend to a potentially less malleable domain, behavioural decisions, exploring the extent to which bilingual individuals shift the underlying strategies used to resolve choice problems. Although past research has explained language-induced shifts in terms of knowledge accessibility principles, the motivation to conform to observers’ norms can also drive these shifts. This article focuses on shifts in the general strategy of avoiding losses rather than pursuing gains, …

The Press For Help Project Concept, Program And Working Paper Of Emmanuel Mario B Santos And His Marc Guerrero Communications Inc., Emmanuel Mario B. Santos Aka Marc Guerrero

Emmanuel Mario B Santos aka Marc Guerrero

FORETHOUGHT. DECLARATION OF IDEAOLOGY AND PRINCIPLES. VISION. MISSION. VALUES. GOALS. BASIC HELP project. EDUCATIONAL HELP project. MEDICAL HELP project. LEGAL HELP project. EMERGENCY HELP project. LIVELIHOOD HELP project. SPIRITUAL and CULTURAL HELP project. ENVIRONMENTAL HELP project. REENGINEERING HELP project. INTERNATIONAL HELP project. QUADRO CREDO Matthew 5.1-12, the Jerusalem Bible. The Universal Filipino Beatitudes. SALIN SA FILIPINO. DESIDERATA. AFTERTHOUGHT.

The Effects Of Group Membership On The Avoidance Of Negative Outcomes: Implications For Social And Consumer Decisions, Donnel A. Briley, Robert S. Wyer

Donnel A Briley

Calling consumers’ attention to their cultural identity can make them aware of their membership in a group and, therefore, can induce a group mind-set. This mindset, in turn, leads them to make decisions that minimize the risk of negative outcomes to both themselves and others. The effects of this mind-set generalize over both group and individual choice situations. These possibilities were confirmed in a series of six experiments. Results showed that making people feel part of an ad hoc group increased not only their use of equality as a basis for allocating resources to themselves and others, but also their …

Cultural Entrepreneurship: Stories, Legitimacy And The Acquisition Of Resources., Michael Lounsbury, Mary Ann Glynn

michael lounsbury

We define cultural entrepreneurship as the process of storytelling that mediates between extant stocks of entrepreneurial resources and subsequent capital acquisition and wealth creation. We propose a framework that focuses on how entrepreneurial stories facilitate the crafting of a new venture identity that serves as a touchstone upon which legitimacy may be conferred by investors, competitors, and consumers, opening up access to new capital and market opportunities. Stories help create competitive advantage for entrepreneurs through focal content shaped by two key forms of entrepreneurial capital: firm-specific resource capital and industry-level institutional capital. We illustrate our ideas with anecdotal entrepreneurial stories …

Transitory Determinants Of Values And Decisions: The Utility (Or Non-Utility) Of Individualism-Collectivism In Understanding Cultural Differences, Donnel A. Briley, Robert S. Wyer

Donnel A Briley

The determinants and effects of cultural differences in the values described by individualism-collectivism were examined in a series of four experiments. Confirmatory factor analyses of a traditional measure of this construct yielded five independent factors rather than a bipolar structure. Moreover, differences between Hong Kong Chinese and European Americans in the values defined by these factors did not consistently coincide with traditional assumptions about the collectivistic vs. individualistic orientations. Observed differences in values were often increased when situational primes were used to activate (1) concepts associated with a participant’s own culture and (2) thoughts reflecting a self-orientation (i.e., self- vs. …

Reasons As Carriers Of Culture: Dynamic Vs. Dispositional Models Of Cultural Influence On Decision Making, Donnel A. Briley, Michael W. Morris, Itamar Simonson

Donnel A Briley

We argue that a way culture influences decisions is through the reasons that individuals recruit when required to explain their choices. Specifically, we propose that cultures endow individuals with different rules or principles that provide guidance for making decisions, and a need to provide reasons activates such cultural knowledge. This proposition, representing a dynamic rather than dispositional view of cultural influence, is investigated in studies of consumer decisions that involve a trade-off between diverging attributes, such as low price and high quality. Principles enjoining compromise are more salient in East Asian cultures than in North American culture, and accordingly, we …