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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Business
Financial Inclusion In Nigeria: Issues And Challenges, Ukpai Kama, Mustapha A. Adigun
Financial Inclusion In Nigeria: Issues And Challenges, Ukpai Kama, Mustapha A. Adigun
CBN Occasional Papers
Financial Inclusion is a state where financial services are delivered by a range of providers, mostly the private sector, to reach everyone who could use them. Specifically, it means a financial system that serves as many people as possible in a country. In recent time, financial Inclusion has assumed a critical development policy priority in many countries, particularly in developing economies. This paper reviewed experiences of other jurisdictions in the achievement of financial inclusion. More importantly, the various country experiences showed that, though financial inclusion may have become a general phenomenon, its nature, form and challenges differ among jurisdictions and …
Legislative-Executive Relations And The Budgetary Process In Nigeria: An Evaluation Of The 1999 Constitution., S.C. Rapu
CBN Occasional Papers
Since the transition to civilian rule in May 29, 1999, the country has witnessed conflicts between the legislature and the executive over budget matters. These conflicts are not only restricted to the federal level but also a common phenomenon at the state government level. This paper discussed the poor relationship over the budget matters and made suggestions on how to improve the process. The paper surveyed the literature on the legal framework of the budgetary process in several countries. Thereafter, the paper examined the legal framework for the budgetary process in Nigeria as well as the issues involved. The paper …
The Slow Pace Of Disbursement Of The Small And Medium Industries Equity Investment Scheme (Smieis) Fund And The Need For Remedial Measures, C. M. Anyanwu, B. S. Adebusuyi, B. O. Okafor
The Slow Pace Of Disbursement Of The Small And Medium Industries Equity Investment Scheme (Smieis) Fund And The Need For Remedial Measures, C. M. Anyanwu, B. S. Adebusuyi, B. O. Okafor
CBN Occasional Papers
The objectives of this paper are to investigate the reasons for the slow pace of investment under the scheme and proffer measures that would address the identified problems. The paper is organized into seven sections to achieve these objectives. Following this introduction, an overview of SMIEIS is done in section 2, while section 3 contains the operations of the Scheme to date. The empirical investigation is discussed in section 4 and the constraints on the implementation of SMIEIS are highlighted in section 5. This is followed by the suggested remedial actions in section 6 and the paper is concluded in …
Open Market Operations Of The Central Bank Of Nigeria: Theory, Development And Growth, Ojo M. O.
Open Market Operations Of The Central Bank Of Nigeria: Theory, Development And Growth, Ojo M. O.
CBN Occasional Papers
The aim of the paper is to assess the efficacy of the open market operations of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), as an instrument of monetary management. Against the adopted framework of the instrument, it analyses the movements in open market transactions and changes in the portfolio of treasury bill holdings of the CBN and other financial institutions. The initial application of the instrument was quite successful, resulting in the sale of large volumes of the securities and consequent decline in the portfolio of CBN’s holdings of government securities. These trends were reversed in the latter part of the …
General Agreement On Tariffs And Trade (Gaff) And The World Trade Organisation (Wto): The Major Provisions And The Implication For Nigeria, O. A. Ogunlana
General Agreement On Tariffs And Trade (Gaff) And The World Trade Organisation (Wto): The Major Provisions And The Implication For Nigeria, O. A. Ogunlana
CBN Occasional Papers
This paper shall review the major provisions of the GATT with respect to the Multilateral Agreements on Trade in Goods only and the likely implications for Nigeria. The review of the General Agreement on Trade in Services and the Agreement on Trade - Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights shall be covered in another exercise. The rest of the paper is, therefore, organised into five parts. Part I discusses the GATT’s basic principles and the major agreements of the latest multilateral trade negotiations otherwise known as the Uruguay Round. The World Trade Organization, its major functions, structure and the decision-making …
The Iron And The Steel Industry In Nigeria: An Assessment Of Performance, Sunday N. Essien
The Iron And The Steel Industry In Nigeria: An Assessment Of Performance, Sunday N. Essien
CBN Occasional Papers
The iron and steel industry is considered to play an important role in the process of rapid development and attainment self-sufficiency in the industrial sector. This paper assesses the performance of the Steel industry in Nigeria against the effective utilization of available manpower, raw material and energy resources in the country as well as the domestic technological capabilities. unfortunately, these endowments have not been optimally utilized in the planning and implementation of the steel project with result that the import components of production remain very high. Based on the declining trend in operations of the existing plants, the paper concludes …
Seasonal Adjustment Of Naira Exchange Rate Statistics 1970-1995, O M. Akinuli
Seasonal Adjustment Of Naira Exchange Rate Statistics 1970-1995, O M. Akinuli
CBN Occasional Papers
This paper uses a current statistical approach to examine and adjust the seasonalities in the Naira exchange rate statistics, vis-a-vis the U.S. Dollar and the pound sterling for a period of twenty-five (25) years. Such study is necessary as it helps to understand the behavioural pattern of a trend in an attempt to predict the future. An investigation like this also helps to expose both the short and long run tendencies of a series which may require urgent or new policy measures to be taken sooner than expected. This paper reviews the regimes of exchange rate under the period, the …
Promoting The Flow Of Investment Resources Into Nigeria's Petroleum Industry, M O. Ojo, C. M. Anyanwu
Promoting The Flow Of Investment Resources Into Nigeria's Petroleum Industry, M O. Ojo, C. M. Anyanwu
CBN Occasional Papers
The objective of the paper is to review the investment climate and policy incentives designed for the Nigerian oil industry with a view to evaluating how supportive they have been in terms of attracting investment funds into the sector. The industry has grown over the years to become the backbone of the economy. Given its strategic role, recent revelations of possible distress in the sector attributable to fast declining investment expenditure, deserves analysis and remedial actions. The investment needs of the industry are massive. A survey of the. sector shows that there is a large resource gap between its needs …
A Comparative Review Of The Major Options For The Marketing Of Nigeria's Agricultural Commodities, M. O. Ojo, E. E. Inang, E. U. Ukeje
A Comparative Review Of The Major Options For The Marketing Of Nigeria's Agricultural Commodities, M. O. Ojo, E. E. Inang, E. U. Ukeje
CBN Occasional Papers
The main aim of the paper is to critically review past commodity marketing systems in Nigeria, highlight some of the weaknesses which constrained their efficiency, as well as assess the performance of the present system and determine the advisability of retaining or modifying the present marketing arrangement. The performance of the Commodity Boards before their abolition in 1986 was adjudged unsatisfactory. However, since the abolition of the Boards, it has been observed that the new produce marketing arrangement has introduced some dynamism into commodity pricing as produce prices for the first time have been determined by the combined forces of …
Towards Improved Competitiveness Of The Economies Of The West African Economic And Monetary Union, E. O. Akinnifesi
Towards Improved Competitiveness Of The Economies Of The West African Economic And Monetary Union, E. O. Akinnifesi
CBN Occasional Papers
As is well known, a monetary union with a common currency confers on its members the advantage of fixed exchange rate and consequent relative price stability. While these advantages held sway up to the mid-1980s in the case of the seven member countries of the CEA franc zone in West Africa, the vulnerability of the zone to external shocks became manifest from the second half of the 1980s. Fairly persistent overvaluation of the CEA franc over time had weakened the competitiveness of the export sector leading to several economic problems including domestic and external debt arrears, capital flight, and negative …
A Comparative Analysis Of The Export Promotion Strategies In Selected Asia- Pacific Countries And Nigeria, Awosseyila A. P, Obitayo K. M
A Comparative Analysis Of The Export Promotion Strategies In Selected Asia- Pacific Countries And Nigeria, Awosseyila A. P, Obitayo K. M
CBN Occasional Papers
This paper reviews the structures of exports and compares the export promotion strategies adopted by some selected countries in Asia-Pacific region and Nigeria. The aim is to find effective solutions to the diversification and expansion of manufactured exports in Nigeria. The five selected countries comprise of three of the four newly industrializing Asian countries (NICs), namely, Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong while the remaining two are members of the six. Associated South East Asian Nations (ASEANS) (Malaysia and Indonesia). Against the background of the world’s average growth rates of 3.2 and 2.0 per cent in 1989 and 1990; the average …
A Review Of Small-Scale Enterprises Credit Delivery Strategies In Nigeria, E E. Inang, G E. Ukpong
A Review Of Small-Scale Enterprises Credit Delivery Strategies In Nigeria, E E. Inang, G E. Ukpong
CBN Occasional Papers
The paper reviews the crucial role of Small-Scale Enterprises (SSEs) in facilitating industrial development; some special advantages of existing credit schemes to small-scale enterprises: the peculiar handicaps which SSEs face, the most crucial being poor access to development finance, and highlights areas and ways in which credit guarantee and insurance schemes for SSEs could increasingly contribute to their development and growth in Nigeria. Notable among the credit schemes and institutions reviewed are the Small-Scale Industries Credit Scheme (SSICS) introduced in 1971; the Nigerian Bank for Commerce and Industry (NBCI) established in 1978: the Nigerian Industrial Development Bank (NIDB); the Central …