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Articles 1 - 30 of 67
Full-Text Articles in Business
New Wine In Old Bottles: A Case Study Of Innovation Territories In 'New World' Wine Production, D. K. Aylward, T. Turpin
New Wine In Old Bottles: A Case Study Of Innovation Territories In 'New World' Wine Production, D. K. Aylward, T. Turpin
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This article applies the concept of ‘innovation territories’ to explain the recent export success of the Australian Wine Industry. Recent data collected from four ‘New World’ wine producing countries are contrasted in order to investigate ‘innovation territories’ that in the Australian context transcend geographic and policy boundaries. The international comparison shows that these territories can be mapped and their interaction compared. A major finding from the study is that one of the major contributors to Australia’s success in gaining comparative advantage in this industry is the way local and national investments in R&D have transcended geographic and policy boundaries. Coordination …
Corporate Governance, The Environment And The Internet, Jane Andrew
Corporate Governance, The Environment And The Internet, Jane Andrew
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Corporate use of the internet for a variety of business purposes is now commonplace. Owning and occupying internet space is almost essential for publicly traded companies, either as a place to do business or as a place to exchange information about business. It has also been documented that the internet provides a global meeting ground for those interested in social and environmental change. The two ideas are now combining, leading to a situation in which corporations are using their web pages to provide environmental information about their activities as part of their corporate governance strategy. This paper performs an initial …
Data-Driven Market Segmentation - A Structure-Based Conceptual Framework For Management Decision Support, Sara Dolnicar, Friedrich Leisch
Data-Driven Market Segmentation - A Structure-Based Conceptual Framework For Management Decision Support, Sara Dolnicar, Friedrich Leisch
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Market segmentation increasingly uses homogeneous groups of consumers determined on the basis of empirical market data as target segments (a posteriori-, data-driven-, post hoc segmentation) rather than splitting individuals according to single, typically socio-demographic or geographic, criteria (a priori-, commen sense segmentation). A vast amount of contributions has been made to improve methodology of identifying or constructing data-based market segments. However, real world data sets often do not contain clearly separated density clusters. Therefore all techniques used in data-based market segmentation can render multiple solutions of similar quality. So far no attempt has been made to construct a framework enabling …
Organizational Change Stories And Management Research: Facts Or Fiction, Patrick M. Dawson
Organizational Change Stories And Management Research: Facts Or Fiction, Patrick M. Dawson
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Company change stories are often constructed around a linear series of ‘successful’ events which serve to show the company in a positive light to any interested external party. These stories of company success sanitise this process and offer data for change experts to formulate neat linear prescriptions on how to best manage change. This position is criticised in this paper which draws on processual case study data to argue that change is a far more complex muddied political process consisting of competing histories and ongoing multiple change narratives which may vie for dominance in seeking to be the change story. …
Who's Looking After The Tobacco Industry, Lee C. Moerman, S. L. Van Der Laan
Who's Looking After The Tobacco Industry, Lee C. Moerman, S. L. Van Der Laan
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
On 21st May 2003, after four years of negotiation, the World Health Assembly (WHA) adopted the World Health Organisation (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Once ratified this framework convention will ultimately constrain the activities of the tobacco industry globally. In light of increasing litigation and exposure of the industry’s strategies to maintain profitability, will the tobacco industry remain quiescent on this further threat to their legitimacy? A weapon in the tobacco industry’s armoury is to redefine the public policy agenda via a legitimate forum. This can include eliciting debate in any credible forum and in doing so, attempt to …
An Empirical Note On The Random Walk Behaviour And Market Efficiency Of Latin American Stock Markets, A. C. Worthington, H. Higgs
An Empirical Note On The Random Walk Behaviour And Market Efficiency Of Latin American Stock Markets, A. C. Worthington, H. Higgs
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This note examines the weak-form market efficiency of Latin American equity markets. Daily returns for Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru and Venezuela are examined for random walks using serial correlation coefficient and runs tests, Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Phillips-Perron (PP) and Kwiatkowski, Phillips, Schmidt and Shin (KPSS) unit root tests and multiple variance ratio (MVR) tests. The results, which are in broad agreement across the approaches employed, indicate that none of the markets are characterised by random walks and hence are not weak-form efficient, even under some less stringent random walk criteria.
Taking A Closer Look: The Why And How Of New Accounting Practices In An Australian Religious/Charitable Organisation, H. J. Irvine
Taking A Closer Look: The Why And How Of New Accounting Practices In An Australian Religious/Charitable Organisation, H. J. Irvine
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Neo-institutional sociology proposes that organisations in a particular field behave in essentially the same way. In taking for granted the prevalence of institutionalised activities, such as accounting, however, it offers little in the way of penetrating insights into how, and to what extent, those activities are actually introduced and embedded into individual organisations. Changes in the nonprofit environment in Australia in recent years have catapulted organisations in that sector into a new corporate mode of operation, providing a unique opportunity not only to observe the introduction of new accounting practices, but also to critique the usefulness of neo-institutionalism as a …
Mapping Australia's Wine Exporters, D. K. Aylward
Mapping Australia's Wine Exporters, D. K. Aylward
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
No abstract provided.
Teaching And Learning In China And Asia: Some Observations, H. W. Collier
Teaching And Learning In China And Asia: Some Observations, H. W. Collier
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
As the ‘Far East’ enters the WTO and the world economy, change is inevitable. The more developed economies will undoubtedly lead the way, and the change agents are more than likely to come from outside the area at least for a while. Beginning in 1973, many of the Chinese students and scholars who studied in the West did not return to China. Many of my current students who have the opportunity to leave do not intend to return. However, there is an increasing number who will return. As more and more of these student graduates return to China and to …
A Documentary Of Innovation Support Among New World Wine Industries, D. K. Aylward
A Documentary Of Innovation Support Among New World Wine Industries, D. K. Aylward
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
During the past two decades, the international wine industry has undergone a ‘seismic shift’. Old World producers no longer dominate production, export and marketing of wine to the extent that they once did. Instead, New World producers such as California, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand have successfully married production, management, marketing and innovation to emerge as a new force on the global wine landscape. It is the innovation supports within these selected New World industries that this paper seeks to document, in order to highlight different approaches and outcomes and how they may or may not contribute to an …
Trust Me! A Personal Account Of Confidentiality Issues In An Organisational Research Project, H. J. Irvine
Trust Me! A Personal Account Of Confidentiality Issues In An Organisational Research Project, H. J. Irvine
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Organisations, particularly those that depend on donations from the public, care a great deal about the image they present to society. This makes them especially sensitive about confidentiality when it comes to details of their accounting systems and financial affairs. Organisational, technical and personal factors determine the strategies adopted for encouraging trust and respecting confidentiality while undertaking research in such organisations. This is a personal account of some of the confidentiality issues that arose during a qualitative research project within a large religious/charitable organisation. It illustrates the importance and challenges of maintaining confidentiality in that and other contexts.
The Influence Of Interactions Between Market Segmentation Strategy And Competition On Organizational Performance – A Simulation Study, Sara Dolnicar, R. Freitag
The Influence Of Interactions Between Market Segmentation Strategy And Competition On Organizational Performance – A Simulation Study, Sara Dolnicar, R. Freitag
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
A computer simulation study is conducted to explore the interaction of alternative segmentation strategies and the competitiveness of the market environment, a goal that can neither be tackled by purely analytic approaches nor is sufficient and undistorted real market data available to deduct findings in an empirical manner.The fundamental idea of the simulation is to increase competition in the artificial marketplace and to study the influence of segmentation strategy and varying market conditions on organizational success. Success/failure is measured using two performance criteria: number of units sold and survival of firms over 36 periods of time. Three central findings emerge: …
The Effectiveness Of True Analogies For Consumer Learning Of Really New Products, A. Ait El Houssi, K. P. Morel, E. J. Hultink
The Effectiveness Of True Analogies For Consumer Learning Of Really New Products, A. Ait El Houssi, K. P. Morel, E. J. Hultink
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Recent research has suggested that analogies may be useful to enhance consumer learning of really new products (RNPs). However, these studies have failed to show convincingly that analogies enhance consumers’ comprehension of RNPs as their operationalisation of analogies does not represent a “true” analogy. Besides, they examined the interaction effects of numerous moderators without showing the existence of a main effect first. Hence, it remains unclear what the effectiveness of analogies for consumer learning of RNPs truly is. It is the aim of the present study to fill this void by means of an experiment in which consumers evaluate product …
Tracking Positioning Developments – Perceptual Changes In Hair Colorant Positioning In Eastern Europe, Sara Dolnicar
Tracking Positioning Developments – Perceptual Changes In Hair Colorant Positioning In Eastern Europe, Sara Dolnicar
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Typically, changes in the perception of brand images are tracked on an attribute-to attribute basis. In reality, however, it is not a single attribute but a combination of multiple attributes that constitute brand image. Accounting for this multi-facetness of brand perception, a framework for tracking changes thereof is proposed that can be used in addition to simple attribute comparison approaches. It provides insight into changes over time in a more holistic manner, tracking shifts of associations of specific brands with generic perceptual positions. The framework consists of (1) computation of a data-driven generic perceptual positions, (2) characterization of generic perceptual …
Development Of A Posteriori Market Segments Over Time - A Tracking Procedure, Friedrich Leisch, Sara Dolnicar
Development Of A Posteriori Market Segments Over Time - A Tracking Procedure, Friedrich Leisch, Sara Dolnicar
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Segmentation has become a standard procedure in strategic marketing. A posteriori approaches are popular among practitioners and researchers and gaining importance over a priori consumer groupings. Despite the wide variety of methodological developments in the field, little attention has been given to tracking changes of a posteriori market segments over time. This article proposes a simple tracking procedure that allows testing of a posteriori segment developments over time on the basis of identical consecutive consumer surveys. It is flexible with regard to techniques chosen at each step and – through validation findings through repetition – allows thorough insight into market …
The Causes Of Unemployment In Iran: An Empirical Investigation, Abbas Valadkhani
The Causes Of Unemployment In Iran: An Empirical Investigation, Abbas Valadkhani
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper examines the major causes of Iran’s unemployment conundrum using a simultaneous-equation model and annual time series data from 1968 to 2000. It is found that the rate of unemployment responds positively to output gap and increasing economic uncertainty and negatively to the higher growth rates of real investment and inflation, supporting the view that there exists a degree of trade-off between inflation and unemployment. However, since persistent and soaring inflation rates eventually lead to the chronic depreciation of the domestic currency and rising economic instability, it will be irrational to exploit this trade-off to fight against unemployment, particularly …
An Empirical Analysis Of Australian Labour Productivity, Abbas Valadkhani
An Empirical Analysis Of Australian Labour Productivity, Abbas Valadkhani
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This study presents a model capturing sources of Australian aggregate labour productivity using annual time series data from 1970 to 2001. Labour productivity, or real output per hour worked, in this model is determined by real net capital stock in information technology and telecommunications (ITT), real net capital stock in the non-ITT sector, trade openness, human capital, the wage rate, international competitiveness, and the union membership rate. Given the lack of long and consistent time series data, multivariate cointegration techniques are inappropriate as the cointegration results will be sensitive to the lag length, the inclusion or exclusion of the intercept …
Using Input-Output Analysis To Identify Australia’S High Employment Generating Industries, Abbas Valadkhani
Using Input-Output Analysis To Identify Australia’S High Employment Generating Industries, Abbas Valadkhani
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Using the 1996-97 input-output table, the objective of this paper is to identify Australia’s high employment generating industries. First, the “real” (direct and indirect) contribution of the tradeable industries to employment are quantified by adopting the “loss of the industry” or “shut-down of industry” approach. Second, the sectoral employment elasticities are calculated to determine the leading employment generating sectors. The empirical analysis and rankings undertaken in this study shed some light on sectoral potentials in relation to the creation of jobs in the economy. It is found that, inter alia, the following industries will play a crucial role in generating …
Causes And Implications Of Declining Economics Major: A Focus On Australia, M. Alauddin, A. Valadkhani
Causes And Implications Of Declining Economics Major: A Focus On Australia, M. Alauddin, A. Valadkhani
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper analyses the causes and implications of declining economics major in Australia. Based on a brief review of the relevant literature and an analysis of the Australian time series data, it is found that economics continues to be less attractive to students in relative terms. Three major factors contribute to this phenomenon: less than appropriate product for an increasingly diverse clientele, the introduction of more attractive and business, commerce and industry-oriented programs such as finance, accounting and commerce, and business majors geared to the needs of the real world, and the use of less experienced teaching staff in lower …
Theory And Econometric Evidence Explaining Public Expenditure: The Case Of Iran, D. P. Doessel, A. Valadkhani
Theory And Econometric Evidence Explaining Public Expenditure: The Case Of Iran, D. P. Doessel, A. Valadkhani
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The purpose of this paper is to analyse government expenditure in Iran using annual time series data for the period 1963-2000. Various theories of the size of government are reviewed and a distinction is made between economic/structural determinants and institutional determinants. Categorising the theories of government expenditure in this way suggests the application of non-nested tests as a mechanism whereby the relative importance of the two broad theoretical categories can be determined. The empirical results, indicating "double rejection", reveal that neither the economic/structural determinants nor the institutional determinants alone are sufficient to explain government expenditure in Iran. A comprehensive, incorporating …
The Effect Of Government On Economic Growth In Fiji, D. P. Doessel, A. Valadkhani
The Effect Of Government On Economic Growth In Fiji, D. P. Doessel, A. Valadkhani
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper investigates the empirical relationship between the size of government and the process of economic growth in Fiji. The results reported here present a mixed picture, in that the model estimated specifies two different effects of the government sector on economic growth. Using annual time series data for the period 1964-1999, it is found that government expenditure exerts a strong beneficial impact on economic growth. However, marginal factor productivity in the government sector is found to be lower than that of the private sector. The reasons for this low productivity are twofold: the result of the lack of market …
An Activity-Based Model Of Collective Knowledge, Helen M. Hasan
An Activity-Based Model Of Collective Knowledge, Helen M. Hasan
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
In the challenges faced by organisations in the area of knowledge management, there is clearly a role for information and communications technologies in supporting the exploitation of business knowledge. This paper proposes a model of knowledge processes, based on the concept of "activity", i.e. what people do, as determined by the cultural-historical activity theory. The evolutionary development of an implementation of the model in currently available technology is described, together with the results of an evaluation of its suitability and effectiveness. This work is substantiating both the practicability of the implementation and the usefulness of the structure for the extraction …
Known 'Bugs' In Cultural Historical Activity Theory, John G. Findlay
Known 'Bugs' In Cultural Historical Activity Theory, John G. Findlay
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
When Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) was first propounded by the Vygotskian school of Russian psychologists in the 1920s it offered a robust explanation of how human development is mediated by cultural as well as biological influences. Along the way, CHAT has acquired some "bugs" or usability difficulties by remaining isolated from other theories that have a common heritage. This paper explores how the theory may have evolved if Vygotsky was alive today. Revisions to CHAT are proposed that borrow from complexity theory, innovation theory, group dynamics and Flow theory to explain the evolution of minds, tools and cultures as a …
Cracks In The Egg: Improving Performance Measures In Business Incubator Research, Barbara Cornelius, Rekha Bhabra-Remedios
Cracks In The Egg: Improving Performance Measures In Business Incubator Research, Barbara Cornelius, Rekha Bhabra-Remedios
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Early research into business incubators focused on describing how they were operated and what activities were undertaken to assist in the survival of tenant firms. The only measures of effective operation were based upon the economic agenda of those sponsoring the incubators, that is, whether jobs were created and firms successfully developed beyond the protected incubator environment. The theoretical considerations used by researchers were, as a consequence, limited largely to either economic or fmancial models of performance. Much can be learned, however, from the management literature, which examines performance through organisational theory. It is suggested that further research into incubator …
Web-Mediated Communication (Wmc) And Social Interaction: A Social Psychological Approach, Koo Won Suh, Helen Hasan, Paul K. Couchman
Web-Mediated Communication (Wmc) And Social Interaction: A Social Psychological Approach, Koo Won Suh, Helen Hasan, Paul K. Couchman
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
It can be argued that social interaction is a critical factor in understanding Web-mediated communication. While the concept and domain of social interaction has been studied in several disciplines they are underdeveloped in the current Web-enabled environment. This paper adopts a social psychological point of view of conceptual and operational issues in relation to social interaction. Through a review of the literature, two domains of social interaction are identified: task and socio-emotional interaction. The literature review also addresses some problems in defmition related to socio-emotional interaction. In an attempt to fill the gap between conceptual and operational defmitions of social …
Government Business Process Analysis With Activity Theory, Peter A. J Larkin
Government Business Process Analysis With Activity Theory, Peter A. J Larkin
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Activity Theory tells us that a motivated person or group performs an activity directed at an object in order to transform the object into desired outcomes to fulfil a need. It also tells us that instruments and the community mediate human activity. The New South Wales state parliament in Australia performs the activity of creating Acts and those Acts prescribe within them the objects of the Act and the desired outcomes. To achieve the desired outcomes, the Act will establish or constitute the necessary instruments. This paper describes an application of Yrjo Engestrom's Activity Theory model, or structure of human …
Visual Creativity In Advertising: A Functional Typology, John R. Rossiter, Tobias Langner, Lawrence Ang
Visual Creativity In Advertising: A Functional Typology, John R. Rossiter, Tobias Langner, Lawrence Ang
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
There are many ways in which the visuals of an advertisement can be made "creative." In this article, we propose a new typology of visual creative ideas. The typology is functlonal in that the first type, literal product or user visuals, which are "noncreative" in the usual sense gain selective attention, by a product category-involved audience. The other three types, in contrast, are "creative" and can force reflexive attention among low-involved audiences. These are called pure attention getters, including the innate erotic, baby, and direct-gaze schemas, and the learned shock, celebrity, and culture-icon and subculture-icon schemas; distortional attention getters, including …
Activity As A Unit Of Analysis For Knowledge Management Frameworks, Leoni Warne, Irena Ali, Helen Hasan
Activity As A Unit Of Analysis For Knowledge Management Frameworks, Leoni Warne, Irena Ali, Helen Hasan
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The authors of this paper take the view that knowledge management is a set of practices for systematically adding value to the knowlege of individuals, which is generated and shaped through interaction with others. It is therefore appropriate that knowledge management research be conducted in the context of particular organisations, focusing on local activities. To that end two of the authors have conducted a four-year research program investigating the factors in organizations that enhance and enable the assimilation, generation, sharing and building of knowledge that transfonns an organization into a learning organization. Human activities in organisational contexts have been analysed …
Development And Validation Of An Australian Video Speed Test (Avst), Jennifer Ann Algie, John R. Rossiter
Development And Validation Of An Australian Video Speed Test (Avst), Jennifer Ann Algie, John R. Rossiter
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Anti-speeding educational campaigns (in television commercials, print ads, and outdoor ads, mostly) are constantly being tried but it is difficult to determine which ads are effective in reducing speed. A promising solution to this problem is to use a behavioural simulation such as the Video Speed Test, the VST (Horswill and McKenna, 1999). The driving simulation test involves getting drivers to view video excerpts of a person driving a vehicle in real driving situations. The drivers then are asked to estimate the speed that they would use in the same situations, that is, how many kilometres/hour slower or faster they …
Social Reporting By The Tobacco Industry: All Smoke And Mirrors?, Lee C. Moerman, Sandra Van Der Laan
Social Reporting By The Tobacco Industry: All Smoke And Mirrors?, Lee C. Moerman, Sandra Van Der Laan
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
In July 2002 British American Tobacco, one of the largest private multinational corporations involved in tobacco production and marketing, launched their first social report. Using a process of stakeholder engagement, global reporting initiatives and process auditing the report was delivered just before the release of the World Health Organisation initiative, the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Within the corporate social reporting literature there is a belief that to give account serves as a legitimising device for organisational activity thus bridging the divide between the social and economic realm. The tobacco industry has been heavily criticised, particularly in Western society, for …