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Articles 91 - 114 of 114
Full-Text Articles in Philosophy
Review Of John Makeham: New Confucianism - A Critical Examination, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of John Makeham: New Confucianism - A Critical Examination, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
At the heart of New Confucianism: A Critical Examination is a question of definition: How should we understand the contested notion of “New Confucianism”? Is it a matter of genealogy, philosophical doctrine, political orientation, or personal experience? Does it matter in what terms individuals identified themselves or whether they saw themselves as part of a shared intellectual movement? Who, ultimately, gets to answer these questions? Of course there is much more in the essays than these questions — including, most notably, astute analyses of several philosophers’ ideas, thought-provoking reflection on some of the roles played by Buddhism in modern Chinese …
Review Of Makeham - New Confucianism, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of Makeham - New Confucianism, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
At the heart of New Confucianism: A Critical Examination is a question of definition: How should we understand the contested notion of “New Confucianism”? Is it a matter of genealogy, philosophical doctrine, political orientation, or personal experience? Does it matter in what terms individuals identified themselves or whether they saw themselves as part of a shared intellectual movement? Who, ultimately, gets to answer these questions? Of course there is much more in the essays than these questions — including, most notably, astute analyses of several philosophers’ ideas, thought-provoking reflection on some of the roles played by Buddhism in modern Chinese …
Decent Democratic Centralism, Stephen C. Angle
Decent Democratic Centralism, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Are there any coherent and defensible alternatives to liberal democracy? The author examines the possibility that a reformed democratic centralism-the principle around which China's cur- rent polity is officially organized-might be legitimate, according to both an inside and an out- side perspective. The inside perspective builds on contemporary Chinese political theory; the outside perspective critically deploys Rawls's notion ofa "decent society " as its standard. Along the way, the authorpays particular attention to the kinds and degree ofpluralism a decent society can countenance, and to the specific institutions in China that might enable the realization of a genuine and/or decent …
Sagely Ease And Moral Perception, Stephen C. Angle
Sagely Ease And Moral Perception, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
In what is probably the most famous description of a sage in all of Chinese philosophy, the Analects tells us that when Confucius reached the age of seventy, he was able to “follow his heart’s desire without overstepping the bounds” (Analects 2.4). It seems that Confucius came to be able to act properly without even trying. Now one might well suspect that at least some of the time, acting properly is easy for most of us. When not faced with a difficult choice or temptation, perhaps we get along fine. The Analects is nonetheless making a very strong claim, even …
Concepts, Communication And Relevance Of Philosophy To Human Rights: A Reply To Peerenboom, Stephen C. Angle
Concepts, Communication And Relevance Of Philosophy To Human Rights: A Reply To Peerenboom, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Randy Peerenboom has paid me the enormous compliment of thinking it worthwhile to engage in sustained, critical dialogue with my book. In this response to his review essay, I attempt to return the compliment. I focus on issues surrounding concepts and communication, since that is where Peerenboom puts his emphasis. Near the end, I look at what is at stake in our discussions of Raz, touch on the question of judgments and objectivity, and close with some thoughts about the relevance of history to my goals in the book.
Must We Choose Our Leaders? Human Rights And Political Participation In China, Stephen C. Angle
Must We Choose Our Leaders? Human Rights And Political Participation In China, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Is political participation a human right? If so, in what form and to what degree? One answer to these questions is that everyone has the human right to participate in universal, free, and fair elections for the country’s leaders — as well as the rights to organize political parties, to run for election, to express political views, and so on. This answer is suggested by Article 21 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,1 and explicitly supported by the influential American philosopher Alan Gewirth [Gewirth 1978, p. 309]. If we are persuaded to accept this answer, then there looks to …
Review Of Makeham - New Confucianism, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of Makeham - New Confucianism, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
At the heart of New Confucianism: A Critical Examination is a question of definition: How should we understand the contested notion of “New Confucianism”? Is it a matter of genealogy, philosophical doctrine, political orientation, or personal experience? Does it matter in what terms individuals identified themselves or whether they saw themselves as part of a shared intellectual movement? Who, ultimately, gets to answer these questions? Of course there is much more in the essays than these questions — including, most notably, astute analyses of several philosophers’ ideas, thought-provoking reflection on some of the roles played by Buddhism in modern Chinese …
Review Of John Makeham: New Confucianism - A Critical Examination, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of John Makeham: New Confucianism - A Critical Examination, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
At the heart of New Confucianism: A Critical Examination is a question of definition: How should we understand the contested notion of “New Confucianism”? Is it a matter of genealogy, philosophical doctrine, political orientation, or personal experience? Does it matter in what terms individuals identified themselves or whether they saw themselves as part of a shared intellectual movement? Who, ultimately, gets to answer these questions? Of course there is much more in the essays than these questions — including, most notably, astute analyses of several philosophers’ ideas, thought-provoking reflection on some of the roles played by Buddhism in modern Chinese …
Sagely Ease And Moral Perception, Stephen C. Angle
Sagely Ease And Moral Perception, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
In what is probably the most famous description of a sage in all of Chinese philosophy, the Analects tells us that when Confucius reached the age of seventy, he was able to “follow his heart’s desire without overstepping the bounds” (Analects 2.4). It seems that Confucius came to be able to act properly without even trying. Now one might well suspect that at least some of the time, acting properly is easy for most of us. When not faced with a difficult choice or temptation, perhaps we get along fine. The Analects is nonetheless making a very strong claim, even …
Concepts, Communication And Relevance Of Philosophy To Human Rights: A Reply To Peerenboom, Stephen C. Angle
Concepts, Communication And Relevance Of Philosophy To Human Rights: A Reply To Peerenboom, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Randy Peerenboom has paid me the enormous compliment of thinking it worthwhile to engage in sustained, critical dialogue with my book. In this response to his review essay, I attempt to return the compliment. I focus on issues surrounding concepts and communication, since that is where Peerenboom puts his emphasis. Near the end, I look at what is at stake in our discussions of Raz, touch on the question of judgments and objectivity, and close with some thoughts about the relevance of history to my goals in the book.
Must We Choose Our Leaders? Human Rights And Political Participation In China, Stephen C. Angle
Must We Choose Our Leaders? Human Rights And Political Participation In China, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Is political participation a human right? If so, in what form and to what degree? One answer to these questions is that everyone has the human right to participate in universal, free, and fair elections for the country’s leaders — as well as the rights to organize political parties, to run for election, to express political views, and so on. This answer is suggested by Article 21 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,1 and explicitly supported by the influential American philosopher Alan Gewirth [Gewirth 1978, p. 309]. If we are persuaded to accept this answer, then there looks to …
'Dao' As A Nickname, Stephen C. Angle, John A. Gordon
'Dao' As A Nickname, Stephen C. Angle, John A. Gordon
Stephen C. Angle
Few would deny that the Dao De Jing is a puzzling text.One puzzle that has particularly vexed interpreters in recent years is how to understand the central term of the text, ‘dao.’ The difficulty can be brought out by considering the first lines of two consecutive chapters:
[41] When the highest type of men hear the way, with diligence they are able to practice it....
[42] The way gives birth to the one....
‘Way’—the ubiquitous and appropriate translation for ‘dao’—seems to be used in two very different fashions in these two passages. In [41], ‘way’ looks to be used in …
Review Of Cheng And Bunin: Contemporary Chinese Philosophy, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of Cheng And Bunin: Contemporary Chinese Philosophy, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
This handsome volume encompasses sixteen essays on leading twentieth-century Chinese philosophers, all specifically written for the collection, as well as an introduction by Bunin and a preface plus two essays (one on more recent trends, the other an over-all interpretation) by Cheng. Each of the main selections includes a bibliography listing the subject’s main works and important studies on the subject, as well as a list of ten discussion questions. The thoughtful design of the collection makes it clear that its goals go beyond simply conveying information: in Bunin’s words, it aims to furnish “a platform for further investigation and …
Pluralism In Practice, Stephen C. Angle
Pluralism In Practice, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Imagine an Aristotelian giving money away to a poor person. He judges his own action to be magnanimous. If a Confucian were to observe this action, though, he might conclude that the Aristotelian had violated socio-ethical norms, or li. Assuming that other Confucians agreed, the Aristotelian’s conduct could be held up as a negative example to be used in teaching young Confucians. In and of itself, however, the Confucian’s judgment would give the Aristotelian no reason to change his conduct, since “lacking in li” is not a category in the language by which he judges conduct. This begins to suggest …
Review Of Cua - Moral Vision And Tradition, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of Cua - Moral Vision And Tradition, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Antonio Cua is a prolific author, with four books and some fifty articles to his credit. For all that, he is not as widely cited, nor as widely read, as several of his contemporaries or juniors in the field of Chinese philosophy. There are at least two reasons for this comparative neglect. First, his writing is often dense and technical, and his essays weighed down by references to others of his writings wherein, one is told, concepts relied on in the current essay are more carefully explained. Second, Cua’s methodology may be off-putting to some. He is upfront about working …
Review Of Neville: Portable Tradition, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of Neville: Portable Tradition, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
“Boston Confucianism” means two things, according to Robert Cummings Neville. The first is “the general project of bringing the Confucian tradition into play with the other great civilized traditions in the creation of a world civilization” [p. 1]. The second is “the work of the group of Confucian thinkers gathered in and around Boston under the leadership of Professor Tu Weiming” [p. 1]. Neville’s remarks about “tradition” and about Tu’s “leadership” make clear that he understands Confucianism to be something more than a typical philosophical doctrine. Consider also the following statement: “The long-run argument for the orthodoxy of Boston Confucianism …
Review Of Jensen: Manufacturing Confucianism, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of Jensen: Manufacturing Confucianism, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Confucianisms, according to Lionel Jensen, are the results of a four-century long process
of pious manufacture: pious, because aimed at truth rather than manipulation; manufacture,
because the work has been done out of materials close to hand. These materials are the texts,
words, and symbols out of which traditions are invented and re-invented. Jensen’s book is
simultaneously a meditation on the ecumenical goals of “traditionary invention” and a close
study of the specific ways in which sixteenth- and twentieth-century communities have
negotiated between inherited meanings and current circumstances. Its case studies splendidly
exemplify its broader theoretical themes; I will look …
Review Of Jensen: Manufacturing Confucianism, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of Jensen: Manufacturing Confucianism, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Confucianisms, according to Lionel Jensen, are the results of a four-century long process
of pious manufacture: pious, because aimed at truth rather than manipulation; manufacture,
because the work has been done out of materials close to hand. These materials are the texts,
words, and symbols out of which traditions are invented and re-invented. Jensen’s book is
simultaneously a meditation on the ecumenical goals of “traditionary invention” and a close
study of the specific ways in which sixteenth- and twentieth-century communities have
negotiated between inherited meanings and current circumstances. Its case studies splendidly
exemplify its broader theoretical themes; I will look …
Review Of Weatherly- The Discourse Of Human Rights In China: Historical And Ideological Perspectives, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of Weatherly- The Discourse Of Human Rights In China: Historical And Ideological Perspectives, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Many Chinese voices, both official and academic, have claimed that China has its own concept of human rights and thus that China should not be criticized in terms of Western versions of that idea. Robert Weatherley examines the emergence and evolution of the idea of rights in China, and then assesses both the degree to which Chinese rights thinking genuinely differs from its Western counterpart, and the extent to which Western criticism of Chinese human rights practice is justified.
Should We All Be More English? Liang Qichao, Rudolf Von Jhering, And Rights, Stephen C. Angle
Should We All Be More English? Liang Qichao, Rudolf Von Jhering, And Rights, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Rudolf von Jhering (1818-92) published Der Kampf ums Recht (The Struggle for Law) in 1872. He was already regarded as one of Germany’s most important legal philosophers, and Der Kampf helped to ensure a world-wide reputation. His argument that people should be less like the “adult children” of China and more like the English found audiences everywhere, including China, where Der Kampf was translated between 1900 and 1901. Jhering’s doctrines stimulated Liang Qichao (1873-1929), one of China’s leading thinkers, to publish “Lun Quanli Sixiang (On Rights Consciousness),” in 1902 as part of his manifesto On the New …
Review Of Weatherly- The Discourse Of Human Rights In China: Historical And Ideological Perspectives, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of Weatherly- The Discourse Of Human Rights In China: Historical And Ideological Perspectives, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Many Chinese voices, both official and academic, have claimed that China has its own concept of human rights and thus that China should not be criticized in terms of Western versions of that idea. Robert Weatherley examines the emergence and evolution of the idea of rights in China, and then assesses both the degree to which Chinese rights thinking genuinely differs from its Western counterpart, and the extent to which Western criticism of Chinese human rights practice is justified.
葡萄酒和酒瓶 －新儒家和中国权利思想, Stephen C. Angle
葡萄酒和酒瓶 －新儒家和中国权利思想, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Joseph Levenson argued that the discontinuity between traditional modern in China was so stark that even to the extent that things appeared similar, this was a matter of "new wine in old bottles": the words may have been the same, but what they meant had changed decisively. On the surface, "quanli" would appear a perfect example of Levenson's metaphor, since it seems to have been transformed from a derogatory word for the powers and profits that tempt the uncultivated - as seen, for instance, in the Xunzi - into "rights", the very foundation of modern ethics, politics and law. …
葡萄酒和酒瓶 －新儒家和中国权利思想, Stephen C. Angle
葡萄酒和酒瓶 －新儒家和中国权利思想, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Joseph Levenson argued that the discontinuity between traditional modern in China was so stark that even to the extent that things appeared similar, this was a matter of "new wine in old bottles": the words may have been the same, but what they meant had changed decisively. On the surface, "quanli" would appear a perfect example of Levenson's metaphor, since it seems to have been transformed from a derogatory word for the powers and profits that tempt the uncultivated - as seen, for instance, in the Xunzi - into "rights", the very foundation of modern ethics, politics and law. …
葡萄酒和酒瓶 －新儒家和中国权利思想, Stephen C. Angle
葡萄酒和酒瓶 －新儒家和中国权利思想, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Joseph Levenson argued that the discontinuity between traditional modern in China was so stark that even to the extent that things appeared similar, this was a matter of "new wine in old bottles": the words may have been the same, but what they meant had changed decisively. On the surface, "quanli" would appear a perfect example of Levenson's metaphor, since it seems to have been transformed from a derogatory word for the powers and profits that tempt the uncultivated - as seen, for instance, in the Xunzi - into "rights", the very foundation of modern ethics, politics and law. …