East Asian Languages and Societies Commons^™

Rashomon Comes To The Courtroom: The Adoption Of The Lay Judge System In Japan, Its Impact On Jurisprudence, And The Implications For Civic Engagement, Bryan Matthew Thompson

Dissertations and Theses

In May of 2009, Japan began formal operations of the "saiban-in seido" or "lay judge system," a quasi-jury means of criminal trial adjudication that represents the first occasion since 1943 that average Japanese citizens will be required to fulfill a role in the criminal jurisprudential process. While the lay judge system promises to affect the methods and procedures of criminal trials in Japan, recent scholarship in the United States has raised an interesting question: to what degree can the lay participatory adjudication process facilitate greater levels of civic engagement in past citizen jurists once their service has completed?

It …

The Traditional And The Modern : The History Of Japanese Food Culture In Oregon And How It Did And Did Not Integrate With American Food Culture, David P. Conklin

Dissertations and Theses

The study of food and foodways is a field that has until quite recently mostly been neglected as a field of history despite the importance that food plays in culture and as a necessity for life. The study of immigrant foodways and the mixing of and hybridization of foods and foodways that result has been studied even less, although one person has done extensive research on Western influences on the foodways of Japan since 1853. This paper is an attempt to study the how and in what forms the foodways of America-and in particular of Oregon-changed with the arrival of …

The Spiritual World Of A Hakka Village, Sharon A. Carstens

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper examines spiritual beliefs and practices in the Hakka Malaysian community of Pulai, focusing on the pantheon of deities and spirits worshipped and propitiated; the system of local beliefs in the power and efficacy of these deities; and the manner in which individuals and families have reproduced and altered these spiritual beliefs over time. Unlike my previous writings about religion in Pulai, which have emphasized the sociological components of local religion practices, my goal here is to explore the cosmological system, world view, and system of meanings conveyed through religious practices in this Hakka village.

As with many Chinese …

Chinese Indonesians : Remembering, Distorting, Forgetting, Edited By Tim Lindsley And Helen Pausacker, Sharon A. Carstens

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Review of Chinese Indonesians : Remembering, Distorting, Forgetting, edited by Tim Lindsley and Helen Pausacker edited by Tim Lindsey and Helen Pausacker, and published by ISEAS, 2005. 208 pages.

Chinese Minority In A Malay State By Tan Chee-Beng, Sharon A. Carstens

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Review of Chinese Minority in a Malay State: The Case of Terengganu in Malaysia, by Chee Beng Tan, published by Eastern Universities Press, 2002.

Alien Land Laws : The Curtailing Of Japanese Agricultural Pursuits In Oregon, Amy K. Buck

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis describes the evolution and demise of Oregon's alien land laws of 1923 and 1945 and their impact on the Nikkei community and the state's culture.

After a brief discussion of Japanese immigration to Oregon and their lifestyle, the work discusses the emergence of discrimination against Japanese residents. At the same time, it outlines how the Nikkei adopted creative responses to the law. This thesis then explores the manner by which anti-Japanese internment policies during World War II shattered the Issei community, revoking many of the gains made in the previous half-century. The effects of the second alien land …

Review Of "Reason And Passion: Representations Of Gender In A Malay Society," By Michael G. Peletz, Sharon A. Carstens

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Review of "Reason and Passion: Representations of Gender in a Malay Society" by Michael G. Peletz, published by University of California Press, 1996.

Review Of "Malaysia And The "Original People": A Case Study Of The Impact Of Development On Indigenous Peoples" By Robert Knox Dentan, Kirk Endicott, Alberto G. Gomes And A.B. Hooker, Sharon A. Carstens

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Book review of "Malaysia and the “Original People”: A Case Study of the Impact of Development on Indigenous Peoples" by Robert Knox Dentan, Kirk Endicott, Alberto G. Gomes, and A.B. Hooker. Published by Allyn and Bacon, 1997.

Korean-American Elders In Independent Living Arrangements, Shinok Lee

Dissertations and Theses

Many Korean-American elders in America are new immigrants who are faced with cultural change and adjustment problems. In recent years, these Korean-American elders have been undergoing a change in their living situation by moving away from their adult children into independent living arrangements. This study draws on a sample of 50 Korean-American elders in subsidized housing who are over the age of sixty and live in the Portland, Oregon Metropolitan area to investigate factors involved in their choice of and their well-being in independent living arrangements. Through interviews, the study specifically gives attention to why the elders moved, whether they …

A Case Study Of Twelve Japanese Esl Students' Use Of Interaction Modifications, Darin Dooley

Dissertations and Theses

This case study examines Japanese ESL students' use of interaction modifications in a content based course. Twelve female subjects were observed and recorded during a nine week period. Their use of interaction modifications (clarification requests, confirmation checks, and comprehension checks) and responses to interaction modifications (single word, full or partial repetition, or reformulation), during teacher-fronted and small group situations, were recorded and coded using the COLT observation instrument.

The study found that the subjects used clarification requests over four times more often in small group or pair-work situations than in teacher-fronted classes. Also, the subjects used confirmation checks over five …

The Role Of The Chinese News Media In The 1989 Pro-Democracy Movement, Mei Liao

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis examines the role of the Chinese news media in the 1989 pro-democracy movement. The three functions of this thesis are: 1) to provide evidence of changes in the pro-democracy movement; 2) to identify corresponding changes in the press coverage of the movement; 3) to examine what relationship exists between changes in the movement and changes in the press coverage of the movement.

Ah Ku And Karayuki-San: Prostitution In Singapore, 1870-1940. By James Francis Warren, Sharon A. Carstens

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Review of James. F. Warren's "Ah Ku and Karayuki-san: Prostitution in Singapore, 1870-1940," published by Oxford University Press, 1993, xvi, 434 pages.

Review Of "Creating Chinese Ethnicity: Subei People In Shanghai 1850-1980" By Emily Honig, Sharon A. Carstens

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Book review of "Creating Chinese Ethnicity: Subei People in Shanghai 1850-1980" by Emily Honig, published by Yale University Press, New Haven, 1992.

Multiple Code Switching In An Okinawan Speech Community: An Ethnographic Perspective, Izumi Kawamitsu

Dissertations and Theses

The ethnography of communication is a mode of inquiry which investigates relationships between language and culture in a particular speech community. Based on the ethnographic perspective, this study examines a certain way of speaking at a specific historical moment in a specific community. The major focus is two disc jockeys who are characterized as "trilingual" speakers (Japanese-English-Okinawa dialect) and their code switching activities in an Okinawan local radio program.

The three-month field study took place on the island of Okinawa. Data were collected from observations at the two radio stations, transcriptions of the program, and interviews with the DJs, the …

Review Of "Opium To Java: Revenue Farming And Chinese Enterprise In Colonial Indonesia, 1860-1910" By James R. Rush, Sharon A. Carstens

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Book review of "Opium to Java: Revenue Farming and Chinese Enterprise in Colonial Indonesia, 1860–1910," by James B. Rush, published by Cornell University Press, 1990.

The Spatial Patterning Of Residential Differentiation In Metropolitan Community : The Case Of Kaohsiung City In Taiwan, 1982, Chih-Jen Chen

Dissertations and Theses

The urban growth process produces a complex socio-geographic division of labor among the component parts of the urban community. During this process, each subarea of the community differentiates from the other parts in its physical and demographic characteristics, becomes specialized functionally and structurally. The spatial patterning of the urban community is the result of this differentiation process.

The Foundation For Revolution : Educational Reforms In Late ChʻIng China, Andrea Asbell

Dissertations and Theses

Historical consensus has labeled the educational reform efforts of China's scholar-officials in the second half of the nineteenth century as merely reactions to external circumstances and therefore has concluded that these reforms were "failures". The youthful revolt against Chinese cultural traditions, which culminated in the May Fourth Movement of 1919, has frequently been cited as a clear demonstration that previous educational reforms had failed. However, when viewed as the intellectual phase of the revolutionary process, reform activities among members of China's bureaucratic and scholarly elite in the four and one half decades from the 1860s to the early 1900s can …

Cross-Cultural Differences In Written Discourse Patterns : A Study Of Acceptability Of Japanese Expository Compositions In American Universities, Hiroko Kitano

Dissertations and Theses

Since Kaplan started the study of contrastive rhetoric, researchers have investigated Japanese and English compositions and have found some differences between them. However, few studies have investigated how these differences are perceived by native English readers when the different rhetorical patterns are transferred to English writing.

Drawing from Hinds' study, this research focuses on the following: how the Japanese style of writing is evaluated by Japanese and American readers, especially in academic situations, how Japanese rhetorical patterns are perceived by American readers, and how a change of organization affects the evaluation by American readers.

Facing Both Ways: Yan Fu, Hu Shi, And Chen Duxiu -- Chinese Intellectuals And The Meaning Of Modern Science, 1895-1923, Niobeh Crowfoot Tsaba

Dissertations and Theses

The concern of Chinese intellectuals with the "idea" of modern science from the West in the transition generation from 1895 to 1923 was fundamentally a concern about "national survival" and modernity. The value and meaning that accrued to science as "method" -- as a "thinking technique" -- and to the evolutionary ideas of Charles Darwin and Herbert Spencer as the "science of choice" among Chinese intellectuals of this period, was due to belief or disbelief in the power of these ideas to describe, explain, or solve the problematic of "modernity" in a Chinese context.

Yan Fu's (1853-1921) translations of Thomas …

Chinese Politics In Malaysia: A History Of The Malaysian Chinese Association, By Heng Pek Koon, Sharon A. Carstens

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Book review of Chinese Politics in Malaysia: A History of the Malaysian Chinese Association, by Heng Pek Koon, published by Oxford University Press in 1988.

From Myth To History: Yap Ah Loy And The Heroic Past Of Chinese Malaysians, Sharon Carstens

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The exploration of differing historical interpretations has become an area of growing interest to anthropologists and historians alike, who have come to recognize that diverse interpretations of the same events can create as powerful a force for future actions as the events themselves. Following this approach, history becomes not so much a narrative progression of events, as shifts in meaning structures over time. The impact of such a perspective on scholars of Southeast Asian societies has led to both an increasingly critical use of colonial sources as well as to renewed interest in native or indigenous documents. We have also …

Occupational Patterns Of Three Generations Of Taishan Chinese : A Reconsideration Of Middleman Minority Theory, Wei Wei Lou

Dissertations and Theses

Middleman minority theory explains why certain minorities in America have made impressive socioeconomic achievements. It is found that their occupational patterns play an important role in their socioeconomic success. Middleman minorities usually concentrate in certain occupations and dominate these occupations. The term "middleman" indicates that such ethnic minorities are functioning as middleman between lower and upper class, customer and producer in the host society.

The three preconditions through which middleman minorities get into these occupations are cultural, contextual and situational variables.

The cultural variables concern mainly the homeland of the minorities, the value system of their native culture, and the …

The Expression Of Politeness In Japan: Intercultural Implications For Americans, Emiko Tajikara Nelson

Dissertations and Theses

This descriptive study focuses on expressions of politeness in the Japanese language and their relevance to social structure and intercultural communication. The study is designed to help students of the Japanese language learn rules of politeness which fall outside the domain of grammatical rules.

Modification Of The Western Approach To Intercultural Communication For The Japanese Context, Eiko Tai

Dissertations and Theses

The field of intercultural communication has recently been introduced to Japan from the United States. The theories and concepts of this field have been developed based on Western social sciences, and they are likely to be culture-bound. This thesis investigates the possibility that modifying Western ideas in the field of intercultural communication would make the study of this subject more effective for Japanese learners.

The Japanese/American Interface : A Crosscultural Study On The Approach To Discourse, Hitomi Tamura

Dissertations and Theses

This study attempted to explore one aspect of the communicative styles of Japanese and Americans: their approach to discourse. In a literature review, four distinctive characteristics were surveyed: linear/nonlinear presentation, inductive/ deductive reasoning, explicit/implicit communication, and analytical/emotional statements. The American style of argument was characterized by:

1) a linear presentation as evidenced by its preference for a sequential paragraph development, its reliance on logic, and its direct introduction of the subject.

2) either inductive or deductive reasoning.

3) explicit communication as shown by its emphasis on the use of concrete language, definite qualifiers, clearly stated conclusions and a wider perspective. …

The Degree Of Acculturation And Success Patterns In Three Generations Of The Japanese Americans In The Portland Area, Toshimasa Fujii

Dissertations and Theses

Past research shows that Japanese Americans have been successful occupationally, financially and educationally. This thesis examines factors leading to this success. It is generally argued that the greater the congruence between minority and majority value systems, the less likely conflict would be generated in the minority group's acculturation. There appear to be two opposed aspects in the acculturation of the Japanese Americans, relinquishment or retention of traditional Japanese values. Also important is the degree to which Japanese Americans identify themselves as American, or Japanese, or some mixture. This thesis focuses on the following questions: What types of values have been …

A Comparative Study Of Communication Style In Japan And The United States As Revealed Through Content Analysis Of Television Commercials, Noriko Huruse

Dissertations and Theses

This study is an empirical analysis of communication styles in Japan and the United States. In particular, the study deals with communication styles in Japanese and American television commercials as a reflection of human communication styles in the two countries.

The History Of Mutual Support Organizations Among The Chinese In Portland, Oregon, Scott Manchester

Dissertations and Theses

The thesis is an examination of the history of the Chinese community in Portland, Oregon, with special emphasis on the mutual support organizations developed by this community.

The study is primarily descriptive in nature. It includes background information on social, economic, and political conditions in China in the nineteenth century; an account of the history of the Chinese and Chinese organizations in Portland, and an examination of the issues involved in providing social services to Asian communities.

An Investigation Of Similarity Of The Value System Of The American And Japanese College Students, Hiroyoshi Taguchi

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of the present research was to investigate whether or not there is similarity of values between American and Japanese college students. The following research hypothesis was established:

There is a positive relationship between the value system of the Japanese college students and that of American college students.

Chinese Attitudes And Knowledge Concerning Social Services: A Survey Of The Portland Chinese Community, Laura Lum Sing, Wendy Po-Kow Chan, Peter Tau-Ping Wang

Dissertations and Theses

The professional social worker needs to understand, wide social issues, including the culture and cultural background of minority persons and groups in the United States. One minority group with which social work has not much contact, and thus has little knowledge about, is the Chinese. Regarding professional social work knowledge about minority groups, the Chinese could be considered a "silent minority."