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Articles 1 - 30 of 30
Full-Text Articles in Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity
The Name And Its Significance: An Examination Of Names In Aristotle’S And Plato’S Philosophy Of Language, Matthew Blain
The Name And Its Significance: An Examination Of Names In Aristotle’S And Plato’S Philosophy Of Language, Matthew Blain
Honors Bachelor of Arts
In the early 20th century, philosophy underwent a “linguistic turn,” in which philosophy, humanities, and even sciences made a redoubled focus on language itself. This turn was quite comprehensive, focusing on nearly every aspect of language such as meaning, reference, truth and falsity, logic, and the connection of language and reality. This renewed focus garnered a significant amount of attention and thought in the 20th century by some of its most prominent thinkers of both the analytic and even continental traditions. In the analytic tradition, Wittgenstein, in his Tractatus, saw language as the logical limit of our known world, out …
De Libero Conscientia: Martin Luther’S Rediscovery Of Liberty Of Conscience And Its Synthesis Of The Ancients And The Influence Of The Moderns, Bessie S. Blackburn
De Libero Conscientia: Martin Luther’S Rediscovery Of Liberty Of Conscience And Its Synthesis Of The Ancients And The Influence Of The Moderns, Bessie S. Blackburn
Liberty University Journal of Statesmanship & Public Policy
One fateful day on March 26, 1521, a lowly Augustinian monk was cited to appear before the Diet of Worms.[1] His habit trailed behind him as he braced for the questioning. He was firm, yet troubled. He boldly proclaimed: “If I am not convinced by proofs from Scripture, or clear theological reasons, I remain convinced by the passages which I have quoted from Scripture, and my conscience is held captive by the Word of God. I cannot and will not retract, for it is neither prudent nor right to go against one’s conscience. So help me God, …
Sagp Newsletter 2018/19.2, Anthony Preus
Sagp Newsletter 2018/19.2, Anthony Preus
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
Announcement of the 2019 meeting of the Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy with the Eastern Division of the American Philosophical Association.
Democracy Vs. Liberty: The Telos Of Government, Ryan C. Yeazell
Democracy Vs. Liberty: The Telos Of Government, Ryan C. Yeazell
Honors Bachelor of Arts
Democracies are known for being relatively stable and ensuring freedom for their citizens. However, those assumptions are called into question by the various failures of modern democracies to both maintain authority and enshrine liberty. Are the institutional checks and balances failing to prevent some of the expected issues with governments based on popular voting? Or is there some other cause of failure outside of the institutional structures themselves?
To examine these questions, I will be comparing a few examples of failed modern democracies with arguably history’s longest lasting democratic government: the Roman Republic. Although separated by over two thousand years …
Mode Of Operations: A Critique Of The Agonistic View Of Greek Musical Modes In Plato And Aristotle, Robert Crawford
Mode Of Operations: A Critique Of The Agonistic View Of Greek Musical Modes In Plato And Aristotle, Robert Crawford
Honors Bachelor of Arts
Music has the power to transcend the confines of mere spatial geometry into the bounds of philosophy and emotion. In the views of the ancient philosophers Plato and Aristotle, music, namely the Greek modes, is valuable pedagogically in two ways: first, as a means to knowing the Good, e.g., the Dorian and Phrygian modes, and second as a means for suiting people for political life. Since their goal is to educate future rulers, Plato and Aristotle need to heighten some but censor other musical modes, e.g., the Lydian and Aeolian modes, due to some of the unsavory feelings, or affects, …
Aristotle And Michael Of Ephesus On The Movement And Progression Of Animals Translated, With Introduction And Notes [Translation Of Studien Und Materialen Zur Geschichte Der Philosophie], Anthony Preus
Anthony Preus
The translation of Michael of Ephesus, Commentaries on The Movement of Animals and the Progression of Animals, here presented, are the first into a modern language. These are the only surviving Greek commentaries on these treaties.
Science And The Philosophy In Aristotle's Biological Works, Anthony Preus
Science And The Philosophy In Aristotle's Biological Works, Anthony Preus
Anthony Preus
The contents of this book cover observations and theories, science and philosophy in Aristotle's "Generation of Animals," understanding the organic parts, necessity and purpose in the explanation of nature, notes and a bibliography.
Combat Trauma And Tragic Catharsis: An Aristotelian Account Of Tragedy And Trauma, Edward J. Hoffmann
Combat Trauma And Tragic Catharsis: An Aristotelian Account Of Tragedy And Trauma, Edward J. Hoffmann
Honors Bachelor of Arts
This essay argues that the Greeks experienced and understood combat trauma, and that they used tragedy and the catharsis that it effected as a means of restoring the order of souls traumatized in war. Our examination of the horrors of hoplite warfare should leave us with no question that ancient warfare was no more clean, decent, or glorious than modern war. To treat the trauma induced those horrors, the Greeks did indeed practice certain societal mechanisms, which our own society seems to so sadly lack. One of these was Attic tragedy. Certain of the tragedies explicitly speak to military experience, …
Aristotle & Locke: Ancients And Moderns On Economic Theory & The Best Regime, Andrew John Del Bene
Aristotle & Locke: Ancients And Moderns On Economic Theory & The Best Regime, Andrew John Del Bene
Honors Bachelor of Arts
In this paper, I will attempt to weigh the benefits and failings of the ancient and modern political-economic systems, as described in their philosophical forms, in order to determine which can better provide for the goods of humanity. This project sets out to demonstrate that the πόλις designed by Aristotle in the Politics can better provide for both the material and nonmaterial goods of a political agglomeration than the one designed by John Locke in the Second Treatise of Civil Government. These goods consist of two things: the authenticity of human existence, providing for the non-material goods of individuals and …
Philosophy Of Intellect And Vision In The De Anima And De Intellectu Of Alexander Of Aphrodisias, John Shannon Hendrix
Philosophy Of Intellect And Vision In The De Anima And De Intellectu Of Alexander Of Aphrodisias, John Shannon Hendrix
Architecture, Art, and Historic Preservation Faculty Publications
Alexander of Aphrodisias (fl. c. 198–209) was born somewhere around 150, in Aphrodisia on the Aegean Sea. He began his career in Alexandria during the reign of Septimius Severus, was appointed to the peripatetic chair at the Lyceum in Athens in 198, a post established by Marcus Aurelius, wrote a commentary on the De anima of Aristotle, and died in 211. According to Porphyry, Alexander was an authority read in the seminars of Plotinus in Rome. He is the earliest philosopher who saw the active intellect implied in Book III of the De anima of Aristotle as transcendent in relation …
Justice And The Justification Of War In Ancient Greece: Four Authors, Tristan K. Husby
Justice And The Justification Of War In Ancient Greece: Four Authors, Tristan K. Husby
Classics Honors Papers
No abstract provided.
On The (In)Consistency Of Aristotle's Philosophy Of Time, Tiberiu Popa
On The (In)Consistency Of Aristotle's Philosophy Of Time, Tiberiu Popa
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
Aristotle’s mind-dependence theory of time is considerably more than an eccentric afterthought formulated in a short passage, as many believe; rather, it is firmly anchored in Physics IV, especially in Ch. 11. A number of formulations that may seem purely epistemic or propaedeutic in nature do in fact have ontological significance, pointing to the fact that time’s existence hinges crucially on our capacity to perceive change. Aristotle seems to be echoed in crucial respects by contemporary theories of time, notably by A. Grünbaum’s.
Eudaimonism And The Demands Of Justice, Andrew Payne
Eudaimonism And The Demands Of Justice, Andrew Payne
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
The ancient eudaimonists were not misguided when they gave a prominent place to the human function in their ethical theory. Most modern reconstructions of eudaimonism do not employ the human function in this way. Though this gives them the appearance of being more streamlined and plausible, they fail to unify a life which respects the demands of justice. It is evident that in the Republic and other ancient ethical works humans are presented as acting out of concern for the good of others. They show respect for justice and act from altruistic motivation, and this is one source of value …
To Hou Heneka And Continuous Change, Christopher Mirus
To Hou Heneka And Continuous Change, Christopher Mirus
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
Beginning with Aristotle’s statement in Physics II.2 that motion must be continuous to be for the sake of an end, I argue that properly understood, continuity is actually a sufficient condition for the goal- directedness of any motion in Aristotle’s teleology. I establish this conclusion first for the simple motions discussed in Physics V-VI, and then for complex changes such as the generation and development of a living thing. In both steps of the argument, the notion of καθ’ αυτό agency serves as a key link between continuity and goal-directedness. The understanding of Aristotle’s teleology that emerges from the consideration …
Egoism And Eudaimonia - Maximization In The Nicomachean Ethics, Erik J. Wielenberg
Egoism And Eudaimonia - Maximization In The Nicomachean Ethics, Erik J. Wielenberg
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
I argue that Aristotle holds the following principle:
(AE) An ethically virtuous person always chooses a course of action that he believes promotes his own eudaimonia at least as much as any other course of action he could have chosen.
The claim that Aristotle holds such a principle conflicts with Richard Kraut’s interpretation of Aristotle’s view presented in Kraut’s important book Aristotle on the Human Good. I am inclined to count (AE) as a brand of egoism, primarily on the grounds that it implies that sacrificing one’s own eudaimonia for the sake of the eudaimonia of others is incompatible with …
Aristotle On Knowledge, Nous And The Problems Of Necessary Truth, Thomas Kiefer
Aristotle On Knowledge, Nous And The Problems Of Necessary Truth, Thomas Kiefer
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
In this paper, I argue that nous for Aristotle concerns necessary truths. (1) Nous is the solution to the dilemma raised in Posterior Analytics I.3. (2) Knowledge and nous have necessary truths as their subject matter, and are identical to this subject matter. (3) This position creates two problems concerning (i) the innateness of knowledge and nous, and (ii) the mind-dependency of necessary truths. (4) The end of DA III.5 reveals an attempt to solve (i) and (ii): The necessary truths of knowledge and nous are for us innate in a certain way, appear to come to be and pass …
Change And Contrariety: Problems Plato Set For Aristotle, Charles Young, James Bogen
Change And Contrariety: Problems Plato Set For Aristotle, Charles Young, James Bogen
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
Plato's views on change and contrariety arise from concerns about definition and explanation in the aporetic Socratic dialogues that find more systematic analysis and resolution in the more constructive dialogues that follow. After developing these concerns, analyses, and solutions, we sketch Aristotle's quite different treatment of the same and other related issues.
Aristotle's Account Of Courage In En Iii.6-9, Howard Curzer
Aristotle's Account Of Courage In En Iii.6-9, Howard Curzer
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
I shall argue that Aristotle (a) does not limit courage to life- threatening situations on the battlefield; (b) is right to maintain that courage governs both fear and confidence; (c) applies a plausible doctrine of the mean to courage; (d) appropriately distinguishes courage from continence; and (e) does not affirm that courageous acts are overall pleasant for courageous people.
The Birth Of Logic, John Corcoran
The Birth Of Logic, John Corcoran
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
The last two decades have witnessed a debate concerning whether Aristotle's syllogistic is a system of deductive discourses having epistemic import exemplifying an Aristotelian theory of deductive reasoning and justifying the claim that Aristotle is the founder of logic taken as the scientific study of proof or whether, on the contrary, the syllogistic is a system of true propositions of a theory of classes justifying the claim that Aristotle is the founder of logic is taken as the scientific study of formal relations such as class inclusion. An epistemically-oriented interpretation has been contending with an ontically-oriented interpretation. This debate should …
Failure And Expertise In The Ancient Conception Of An Art, James Allen
Failure And Expertise In The Ancient Conception Of An Art, James Allen
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
The ancient notion of an art (τέχνη) embraced a wide range of pursuits from handicrafts like shoemaking and weaving to more exalted disciplines not excluding philosophy (cf. Plato Gorgias 486b; Hippolytus Refutatio. 570,8 DDG; Sext. Emp. Μ II13). Nevertheless, there was a sufficient amount of agreement about what was expected of an art to permit debates about whether different practices qualified as arts. According to the conception which made these debates possible, an art is a body of knowledge concerning a distinct subject matter which enables the artist to achieve a definite type of beneficial result. Obviously, the failure of …
The Lives Of The Peripatetics: Diogenes Laertius, Vitae Philosophorum, Book Five, Michael Sollenberger
The Lives Of The Peripatetics: Diogenes Laertius, Vitae Philosophorum, Book Five, Michael Sollenberger
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
The fifth book of Diogenes Laertius’ Lives of the Philosophers is concerned with the first four heads of the Peripatos – Aristotle, Theophrastus, Strato, and Lyco – and two outstanding members of the school – Demetrius of Phalerum and Heraclides of Pontus. Consideration is given her to rather general matters of structure, organization, and arrangement of material in Book Five as a whole, to the different categories of information in the individual lives, and to the most striking feature of this book which set it apart from other books: namely, the wills of the first four scholarchs and the extensive …
Aristotle On Property Rights, Fred D. Miller Jr.
Aristotle On Property Rights, Fred D. Miller Jr.
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
The thesis is that a theory of private property rights can be reconstructed from the remarks about property scattered throughout Aristotle’s writings. His working concept is as follows: X has a property right in P if, and only if, X possesses P in such a way that the use of P is up to X and the alienation of P (giving P away or selling P) is up to X. It is argued that Aristotle provides clear answers to the important questions which should be answered by a theory of property rights: (1) What individuals can properly hold rights to …
Aristotle On Temperance, Charles Young
Aristotle On Temperance, Charles Young
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
A straightforward application on the Doctrine of the Mean to the case of temperance, such as Aristotle offers in Eudemian Ethics III.2, does not do justice to the problems the virtue raises, problems that he sees clearly and effectively addresses in Nicomachean Ethics III.10-12.
On Natural And Unnatural Arts, Jerry Clegg
On Natural And Unnatural Arts, Jerry Clegg
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
The analogy between art and nature is basic in Aristotle's work, but he keeps it from degenerating into an identity. We explore the differences between artificial and natural processes.
Aristotle And Michael Of Ephesus On The Movement And Progression Of Animals Translated, With Introduction And Notes [Translation Of Studien Und Materialen Zur Geschichte Der Philosophie], Anthony Preus
Philosophy Faculty Scholarship
The translation of Michael of Ephesus, Commentaries on The Movement of Animals and the Progression of Animals, here presented, are the first into a modern language. These are the only surviving Greek commentaries on these treaties.
Metriopatheia And Apatheia: Some Reflections On A Controversy In Later Greek Ethics, John M. Dillon
Metriopatheia And Apatheia: Some Reflections On A Controversy In Later Greek Ethics, John M. Dillon
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
The controversy about metriopatheia and apatheia, which generated such heat in later Greek philosophy, is one between the concept of a bipartite or tripartite soul, in which the lower part of parts can never be eradicated - at least while the soul is in the body - but must constantly be chastised. In practice, Stoic eupatheia in practice is very similar to a properly moderated Platonic-Aristotelian pathos, but that is irrelevant to the main point. We find in Plutarch and other Platonists of the period a remarkable unwillingness or inability to comprehend what the Stoic position was.
Science And The Philosophy In Aristotle's Biological Works, Anthony Preus
Science And The Philosophy In Aristotle's Biological Works, Anthony Preus
Philosophy Faculty Scholarship
The contents of this book cover observations and theories, science and philosophy in Aristotle's "Generation of Animals," understanding the organic parts, necessity and purpose in the explanation of nature, notes and a bibliography.
The Universal In Physics I.1, Joseph Owens C.Ss.R.
The Universal In Physics I.1, Joseph Owens C.Ss.R.
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
The opening paragraph of the Physics sketches succinctly Aristotle's general notion of scientific knowledge. First, in any scientific discipline, to know a thing is to know its principles or elements. Secondly, the natural path of human knowledge is from things that are more knowable for men to things that are more knowable in themselves, that is, from concretions to the distinct cognition of principles and elements. These two norms are regarded as applying to all scientific procedure. Here they are outlined briefly as an introduction to the Aristotelian philosophy of nature. But Aristotle goes on to apparently recommend moving from …
Aristotle's Doctrine Of Future Contingencies, Richard Taylor
Aristotle's Doctrine Of Future Contingencies, Richard Taylor
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Aristotle's Physical World-Picture: An Historical Approach, Friedrich Solmsen
Aristotle's Physical World-Picture: An Historical Approach, Friedrich Solmsen
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
No abstract provided.