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Climate Hawks And California's Carbon Offset Program, Ross Astoria

Ross Astoria

Abstract Two non-profit organizations composed of climate hawks are presently challenging the legality of the offset portions of California’s greenhouse gas cap-and-trade regulations. They claim that the offset protocols do not guarantee “additionality” as required by AB 32, the Global Warming Solutions Act. In this paper, I look at the general regulatory framework in which California offset projects are to be developed and argue that for the most part climate hawks ought to use the protocols to develop buy-in and disseminate expertise, two “incidental” yet indispensible aspects of successful GHG mitigation policy. The degree to which these two goals can …

Overview Of Fuel Ethanol Production And Distillers Grains, Kurt A. Rosentrater

Kurt A. Rosentrater

Modern societies face many challenges, including growing populations, increased demands for food, clothing, housing, consumer goods, and the concomitant raw materials required to produce all of these. Additionally, there is a growing need for energy, which is most easily met by use of fossil fuels (e.g., coal, natural gas, and petroleum). In 2008, the overall U.S. demand for energy was 99.3 x 1015 Btu (1.05 x 1014 MJ); 84% of this was supplied by fossil sources (U.S. EIA, 2009). Transportation fuels accounted for 28% of all energy consumed during this time, and nearly 97% of this came from fossil sources. …

A Study Of Influence Of Acoustic Excitation On Carbon Dioxide Capture By A Droplet, Wei-Hsin Chen

Wei-Hsin Chen

No abstract provided.

Detection Of Biochar Components For Soil Fertility Using Thz-Tds, E M. Pogson, J Horvat, Roger A. Lewis, S D. Joseph

Josip Horvat

Different forms of biochar can have greatly different properties as fertilisers, yet there is no effective screening method to distinguish them. Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy has been used to distinguish various biochars, including Sawdust char, BMC5 with lime char and Saligna char.

Overview Of Corn-Based Fuel Ethanol Coproducts: Production And Use, Kurt A. Rosentrater

Kurt A. Rosentrater

Modern societies face many challenges, including growing populations, increased demands for food, clothing, housing, consumer goods, and the raw materials required to produce all of these. Additionally, there is a growing need for energy, which is most easily met by use of fossil fuels (e.g., coal, natural gas, petroleum). For example, in 2008, the overall U.S. demand for energy was 99.3 x 1015 Btu (1.05 x 1014 MJ); 84% of this was supplied by fossil sources. Transportation fuels accounted for 28% of all energy consumed during this time, and nearly 97% of this came from fossil sources. Domestic production of …

The Regulation Of Climate Engineering, Jesse Reynolds

Jesse Reynolds

Remaking The World To Save It: Applying U.S. Environmental Laws To Climate Engineering Projects, Tracy Hester

Tracy Hester

Given the high levels of greenhouse gases already in the atmosphere and the likelihood of growing emissions in the future, even aggressive limits on greenhouse gas emissions might ultimately fail to prevent dangerous climate disruptions. To prepare for this risk, some scientists have started to explore techniques that directly influence or control global and regional climatic systems to offset climate change effects. As climate engineering research expands, U.S. environmental law could become an important forum for efforts to control nascent climate engineering technologies. Federal and state agencies should start now to map out regulatory strategies and guidance for potential requests …

Optimization Of Pyrolysis Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches, Nor Kartini Binti Abu Bakar

Nor Kartini Binti Abu Bakar

In this study, pyrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) was investigated using a quartz fluidizedfixed bed reactor. The effects of various pyrolysis temperatures, particle sizes and heating rates on the yields of the products were investigated. The temperature of pyrolysis and heating rate were varied in the range of 300°C-700°C and 10°C-100°C min1, respectively. The particle size was varied in the range of<90, 91-106, 107-125 and 126-250 μm. The products obtained from pyrolysis of EFB were bio-oil, char and gas. Under the experimental conditions, the maximum bio-oil yield was 42% obtained at 500°C, with a heating rate of 100°C min 1 and a particle size of 91-1 06 μm. The maximum yield of char was 42%, obtained at a pyrolysis temperature of 300°C, heating rate of 30°C min1 and particle size of 91-106 μm. Meanwhile, the optimum yield of gas was 46%, which could be achieved at a pyrolysis temperature of 700°C, heating rate of3O°C min1 and particle size of 107-125 μm.