Digital Commons Network^™

Review Of The Costs Of Federalism By Robert T. Golembiewki And Aaron Wildavsky, William E. Hudson

Political Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Evaluating Human Rights In Africa: Some Problems Of Implicit Comparisons, Rhoda E. Howard-Hassmann

Political Science Faculty Publications

Since the 1970s, many humanistically minded academics have become concerned with the comparative measurement and analysis of human rights. The new concern is partly a result of the introduction of human rights as a subject of United Nations debates and foreign policy deliberations, especially in the United States during the Carter Administration (1977–81). Frequently, on the intergovernmental and national levels, the debate is nothing more than a new means of rhetoric, with an additional patina of moral concern, for asserting a nation-state’s normal national security interests.

In the United Nations and other such fora, a favorite tactic of debate is …

The Short-Term Consequences Of Nuclear War For Civilians, John S. Duffield, Frank Von Hippel

Political Science Faculty Publications

Much of the debate over nuclear weapons policy continues to revolve around discussions of the usefulness of nuclear attacks on military targets. Much less attention, however, is devoted to either the number or the importance of the civilian casualties that such attacks would cause. The short-term civilian casualties that would result from the use of nuclear weapons at three different levels of "limited nuclear war" are considered. These levels range from the employment of neutron bombs during an otherwise "conventional" battle in the Germanies to a nuclear attack against the strategic forces of the U.S. In addition, the consequences of …

The Full-Belly Thesis: Should Economics Rights Take Priority Over Civil And Political Rights? Evidence From Sub-Saharan Africa, Rhoda E. Howard-Hassmann

Political Science Faculty Publications

This paper will discuss the relationship between civil/political and economic/social/cultural rights (as they are defined in the International Bill of Human Rights) in sub-Saharan Africa. There is an on-going debate, especially in United Nations circles and in non-governmental organizations, as to whether the separate sets of rights embodied in the two 1966 Covenants on human rights are intrinsically related, such that they must be developed and enlarged simultaneously, or whether, on the other hand, one set of rights takes priority over the other. Are they, in other words, sequential or interactive? Many spokespeople for Third World countries maintain that economic, …

A Prescriptive Model For Handling Nuclear Age Crises In The Executive Office, Joshua H. Sandman

Political Science Faculty Publications

From a study primarily of the Cuban missile crisis and several similar type of crises a prescriptive model will be offered to provide the President with a coherent strategy and a workable decision-making pattern to deal with possible future nuclear age crisis situations.

Computers, Cables, And Citizenship: On The Desirability Of Instant Direct Democracy, Richard Dagger

Political Science Faculty Publications

Mulford Sibley is not the sort of scholar who makes a career of elaborating variations on a theme. There are recurring themes in his work, however, and I want to sound two of them, participatory democracy and technology, in this essay. These themes may be joined in a number of ways, but here I shall take up only one - the possibility that advances in communications technology may actually promote democracy by extending and enhancing opportunities for political participation.

Review Of Federalism And Federation By Preston King, William E. Hudson

Political Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Harm, Utility, And The Obligation To Obey The Law, Richard Dagger

Political Science Faculty Publications

In a recent essay, "Political Obligation", R. M. Hare sets out a utilitarian account of the obligation to obey the law which he believes to be immune to an objection often brought against such accounts. In what follows I shall briefly review this objection and Professor Hare's response to it; than I shall go on to argue that Hare's response, ingenious as it is, fails to defeat the objection. Hare's argument is instructive nonetheless, for its failure tells us something about wrongs and harm as well as utility and political obligation.

Understanding The General Will, Richard Dagger

Political Science Faculty Publications

While I do not accept all of these rationalistic readings of the general will, I do share the general conviction that we can make sense of Rousseau's concept, and his argument, without resorting to metaphysics or psychology. What I shall offer here, accordingly, is in some respects only a variation on a theme now well known to students of Rousseau's political philosophy. It is an important variation nonetheless, for it enables us to reconcile passages in the Social Contract which otherwise appear to be contradictory. That, at least, is what I shall argue in this essay.

Restitution, Punishment, And Debts To Society, Richard Dagger

Political Science Faculty Publications

Of the many developments in the area of criminal justice over the last twenty years or so, the rediscovery of the victim may well be the most heartening. This rediscovery has produced both a new field of study, victimology, and a number of interesting programs and proposals that aim to redress the injuries suffered by the victims of crime. To this point, however, the rediscovery of the victim has not worked a fundamental transformation of our system of criminal justice. The question I wish to address here is whether it should do so.

Expatriate Business And The African Response In Ghana: 1886-1939, Rhoda E. Howard-Hassmann

Political Science Faculty Publications

This thesis discusses the integration of' colonial Ghana into the world trading network between 1886 and 1939. It attempts to explain the underdevelopment of Ghana's economy as a result of her subjection to a system of economic and political imperialism. Ghana's contact with Britain resulted in a situation in which, although her trade economy "developed," her economic potential, as well as the potential for development of her trading and entrepreneurial classes, was thwarted. While three groups, namely the expatriate businessmen, the expatriate Government, and the African elite, interacted in the setting of economic policies, generally speaking the policies were set …

Economic Imperialism And Oligopolization Of Trade In The Gold Coast: 1886-1939, Rhoda E. Howard-Hassmann

Political Science Faculty Publications

This article will deal with the mechanisms of the economic takeover of the Gold Coast, between approximately 1885 and 1939. Two aspects of the takeover are dealt with: the progressive oligopolization of trading, shipping, and banking in the colony, and the influence which oligopolistic British firms exerted on government policy. The oligopolization resulted in the underdevelopment of the African trading class and its inability to develop into a genuine capitalist class; while the pursuance of a government policy dedicated to maintaining Ghana's role as a peripheral import-export economy resulted in the internal economic underdevelopment of the colony.

Economic Imperialism And Oligopolization Of Trade In The Gold Coast: 1886-1939, Rhoda E. Howard-Hassmann

Political Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Entrepreneurship And Economic Development: A Critique Of The Theory, Rhoda E. Howard-Hassmann

Political Science Faculty Publications

This thesis is a criticism of the "entrepreneurial school" of economic development, which contends that a major cause of underdevelopment in the Third World is the poor "entrepreneurial spirit" in these areas. The entrepreneurial spirit consists of certain values and behaviour which it is presumed existed in the West at the time of its development. To test the validity of this theory empirical evidence on entrepreneurs is examined; this evidence includes historical data on the West, especially the United States and France, and twenty-one area studies of entrepreneurs in the Third World. The evidence suggests that there is little difference …

The Referendum Process In The Agricultural Adjustment Programs Of The United States, Robert E. Martin

Political Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Irua Ceremony Among The Kikuyu Of Kiambu District, Kenya, Ralph J. Bunche

Political Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Al-Yaman Bayn Al-Mujtama' Al-Madani W'Al-Harb Al' Yaman, Sheila Carapico

Political Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.