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University of Wollongong

1999

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Parametric Study Of Unsaturated Drainage Layers In A Capillary Barrier, C. E. Morris, J. C. Stormont Dec 1999

Parametric Study Of Unsaturated Drainage Layers In A Capillary Barrier, C. E. Morris, J. C. Stormont

Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive)

Unsaturated drainage layers (UDLs) have been demonstrated to greatly increase the lateral diversion capacity of capillary barriers. The inclusion of a UDL allows native soils suitable for vegetation growth to be used as the finer soil as lateral drainage properties of the layer no longer need to be considered. A comprehensive numerical study was conducted to investigate the influence of the interface slope and the UDL material on the system’s ability to laterally divert downward moving moisture. A capillary barrier system with and without a UDL was simulated for 10 years using daily varying climatic data for three locations in …

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University Of Wollongong Campus News December 1999, University Of Wollongong Dec 1999

University Of Wollongong Campus News December 1999, University Of Wollongong

University of Wollongong Campus News

No abstract provided.

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Sos: A Subject Online Survey Engine To Support Improvement In Teaching And Learning, Robert M. Corderoy, Ray Stace, A. Ip, P. Macleod Oct 1999

Sos: A Subject Online Survey Engine To Support Improvement In Teaching And Learning, Robert M. Corderoy, Ray Stace, A. Ip, P. Macleod

Senior Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Education) - Papers

Traditionally, data relating to the conduct of subjects at the University of Wollongong has been collected for academics with one main purpose in mind: to provide the academic with supporting information as to their teaching ability for the purposes of promotion. Currently this data is collected using ‘prescribed Teaching Surveys’. The process is a formal, highly regulated mechanism and is administered by the Centre for Educational Development and Interactive Resources (CEDIR) on request. The promotion process requires that the academic provide of not less than 4 and no more than 6 such survey reports in their application for promotion. These …

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Union Effectiveness: Still Hidden From History?, Stewart Sweeney, Ingrid Voorendt Oct 1999

Union Effectiveness: Still Hidden From History?, Stewart Sweeney, Ingrid Voorendt

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

This paper provides a brief overview and critique of aspects of the Australian trade union history literature focusing on the fifty or so books in and out of print. The paper highlights a concern that the existing literature is singularly limited in its assessment of trade union effectiveness in pursuing their objectives in relation to union organising, union democracy, union action and union gains, let alone the role of unions in economic and social transformation. In sum, it appears possible to read much of the literature and still be left with little or no idea of what contribution the union …

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Contested Terrain: The Convict Task Work System, 1788-1830, Bill Robbins Oct 1999

Contested Terrain: The Convict Task Work System, 1788-1830, Bill Robbins

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

There is ample evidence that for at least the first thirty years of white settlement in New South Wales work and its control was contested terrain. During these years there was a complex, vibrant and at times fierce struggle between convict workers and the colonial managers of convict labour. This should not be surprising given that criminal conviction and transportation did not fundamentally resolve the basic labour management issue of the control of the labour process. It may have established the cost of convict labour power to the State, the price of convict labour, but it left untouched the challenge …

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Leftwing Labor And Rightwing Violence: Comparing Interwar Regimes In Argentina, Australia, Japan, And The United States, David Palmer Oct 1999

Leftwing Labor And Rightwing Violence: Comparing Interwar Regimes In Argentina, Australia, Japan, And The United States, David Palmer

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

Organised labor'sl most critical problem in the twentieth century has been how to bring economic and political democracy to workers. The extension of democracy for workers, however, cannot be separated from the problem of democracy and human rights for society as a whole. At various times, the needs of the general society have been far more important than just workers' needs, especially when countries have been plunged into the terror ofrightwing statesanctioned2 violence. The two main institutions of organised labor in modem times have been trade unions and political parties. Social movements, however, have always provided the impetus for major …

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'Who Closed Southern Copper?, Maree Murray Oct 1999

'Who Closed Southern Copper?, Maree Murray

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

This paper considers the closure of the Port Kembla copper smelter and refinery, Southern Copper Limited, in 1995, after over eighty five years of unbroken operation and a change of ownership to CRA in 1981. It argues that the closure is most accurately understood as a resolution reflecting the exigencies of CRA's business situation at the time. The decision was taken as Southern Copper faced increasingly heavy pressures including a strengthening Australian dollar, demanding environmental standards and community expectations. These pressures were faced at a time when both the industrial relations climate and the manufacturing sector were undergoing significant change. …

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The 1938 Dalfram Pig-Iron Dispute And Wharfies Leader, Ted Roach, Greg Mallory Oct 1999

The 1938 Dalfram Pig-Iron Dispute And Wharfies Leader, Ted Roach, Greg Mallory

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

In Port Kembla during the 1920s and 1930s the physical and social conditions ofwharfies were peculiar to the emerging heavy industries of the IIIawarra region. The' bull' system prevailed and general safety conditions were poor. I According to Griffith, the union and the stevedoring companies were controlled by four families and the union was seen as being ineffectuaL

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Labour Movements And Memories Of Spain, Chris Mcconville Oct 1999

Labour Movements And Memories Of Spain, Chris Mcconville

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

Peter O'Connor died in June this year. O'Connor had fought in the International Brigades in Spain, joined the IRA, and helped refound the Communist Party of Ireland. A requiem mass for the old communist was held in the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity in Waterford.! Funerals for civil war volunteers like O'Connor occur from time to time around the globe. They are occasions to be remarked on as oddities in the local press [a communist funeral in a cathedral in Ireland!] and which, momentarily, draw together the remnant left of the inter-war labour movement. Such funerals apart, the Spanish Revolution …

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The Noel Sutlin Archives Centre: Present And Future, Sigrid Mccausland Oct 1999

The Noel Sutlin Archives Centre: Present And Future, Sigrid Mccausland

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

This paper looks at the relationship between an archives and its research community. It is essentially a report on the work of the Noel Butlin Archives Centre (NBAC) at the Australian National University (ANU) since the "rescue package" announced by the ViceChancellor in November 1997. I am assuming that my audience is familiar with the events of 1997, when the closure of this longestablished significant resource for business and labour history was only averted after a strong public campaign in which the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History and many of its individual members were major players.

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Knights Of Labor, Bob James Oct 1999

Knights Of Labor, Bob James

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

The Webbs, on whose ideology, Labour History has been fashioned, argued that lodge 'ceremonies' were used by the British 'tradeunionists' as an artifice of stage-management to impress unsophisticated newcomers. To them, the Tolpuddle labourers were merely 'playing with oaths." Under this Webb treatment the organisational function of the rite simply disappears, it is undeserving of any further exploration. The oaths cannot, therefore, be part of a living culture reflective of the needs, anxieties, expectations or desires of the people using them. They have no history of any significance and are only a temporary aberration in the evolution of 'the trade …

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Nourishing Labourist Culture: A Report On A New Left-Wing Writing And Reading Festival And A Discussion Of Its Antecedents, Nathan Hollier Oct 1999

Nourishing Labourist Culture: A Report On A New Left-Wing Writing And Reading Festival And A Discussion Of Its Antecedents, Nathan Hollier

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

In early 1998, Graeme Sparkes put a proposal to the New International Bookshop (NIB) in Melbourne, that a committee be formed to investigate the possibilities of holding a broadly left-wing festival for readers and writers. Sparkes, a teacher of English as a second language at the Northern Metropolitan College of TAFE in Collingwood, was a shareholder in the NIB. That bookshop, which replaced the old CPA International Bookshop in Elizabeth Street, was underwritten by a large number of small 'shareholders' and though housed in the Melbourne Trades Hall, remains a somewhat precarious financial venture. Sparkes' initial desire to base the …

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Challenging The Agenda: The Victorian Secondary Teachers' Association And The Open Sub-Committee On Women, 1974, Rosemary Francis Oct 1999

Challenging The Agenda: The Victorian Secondary Teachers' Association And The Open Sub-Committee On Women, 1974, Rosemary Francis

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

Ruth Fowler, an early convenor of the Open Sub-Committee on Women (OSCW), expressed the following view in the preface to a booklet written by Claire Kelly in 1986 entitled Women in the VSTA: The formation of the OSCW represented a watershed period in the union. It provided a supportive forum within the male cultural ambience characteristic of all trade unions, where women could discuss the issues which affected them as unionists and teachers and decide on possible policy. Whilst women were lone voices their concerns could be and were largely ignored. The OSCW, an officially recognised body within the VSTA, …

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Santamaria's Hidden Agenda And Other Neglected Aspects Of The Labor Split, Robert Corcoran Oct 1999

Santamaria's Hidden Agenda And Other Neglected Aspects Of The Labor Split, Robert Corcoran

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

The aim of my presentation is to show that B.A.Santamaria planned to change Australia's political landscape to match his own idealistic dreams. This was Santamaria's hidden agenda - and it was the most important factor in the Labor Split. I will also contend that a distorted account of this important phase of Australian political history has been widely accepted and badly needs correction. In the 19508 you had to be Labor and Catholic to understand the Movement and the Split. I was both. Since then much information has gradually been revealed. But it is still useful to have lived through …

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Dame Masons: Women And Freemasonry, Philip Carter Oct 1999

Dame Masons: Women And Freemasonry, Philip Carter

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

In an official history of the United Grand Lodge of England, we read: In 1921 an approach was made to Grand Lodge for recognition by the 'Honourable Fraternity of Ancient Masonry'; in a reply starting for obvious reasons 'Dear Madam' the Grand Secretary made it plain that the admission of women was utterly foreign to the original plan of Freemasonry to which English Freemasons had adhered from time immemorial. He added that the Board would continue to take disciplinary action against any English Mason who violated his Obligation by being present or assisting in assemblies 'professing to be Masonic which …

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A Lumper's Story: The The And Its Affiliates, Cathy Brigden Oct 1999

A Lumper's Story: The The And Its Affiliates, Cathy Brigden

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

The 1998 waterfront dispute has had a number of consequences, not the least being the demonstration of inter-union solidarity. It was a dispute that saw not just a union and an employer (and a government) challenging each other, but a dispute involving the union movement. The community assembly at Melbourne's East Swanson dock became the gathering place for unionists across the spectrum, . It was not just the Maritime Union of Australia (MUA) challenging Patrick's, Reith and co, but the union movement, responding to the attack on one of its own, most dramatically seen on the night of I 8 …

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Co-Operation In Australia And The Liiawarra, Neville Arrowsmith, Ray Markey Oct 1999

Co-Operation In Australia And The Liiawarra, Neville Arrowsmith, Ray Markey

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

Here in Australia, as in other countries, the co-operatives were most successful where the need was greatest. Thus Consumer Cooperatives flourished on the NSW coalfields where they helped the miners and their families through many difficult times and bought educational and social benefits. As may have been expected in our mainly primary producing country, Producers' Societies exceeded Consumers' Cocoperatives both in numbers and volume of business. The dairying industry in NSW and Queensland afforded the most outstanding examples of producer co-operation, but several large undertakings handling fruit packing and marketing were also important. Many of the Producers' Societies expanded into …

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Sydney's Anti-Eviction Movement: Community Or Conspiracy?, Nadia Wheatley, Drew Cottle Oct 1999

Sydney's Anti-Eviction Movement: Community Or Conspiracy?, Nadia Wheatley, Drew Cottle

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

In the last week of June 1931, a doctor in a Sydney hospital was surprised by a seven-year-old patient whose crushed toe had been acquired in a novel fashion. The Sun reported: 'We was playin' evictions,' [the boy] fearfully told the doctor, 'and I was a pleecemanan' 'e' - pointing to another small and grimy boy - 'was a Communist. 'E threw a brick and it hit me on the toe.' Yelling at the top of their voices, a dozen small boys in Simons Street Newtown had staged a 'mock' battle between police and antievictionists. Swinging sticks and firing imaginary …

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Rethinking Community: Social Capital And Citizenship At The Eveleigh Railway Workshops, Lucy Taksa Oct 1999

Rethinking Community: Social Capital And Citizenship At The Eveleigh Railway Workshops, Lucy Taksa

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

The tradition in Australian community studies has been to use the term 'community' as a synonym for 'the social organisation of a limited geographical area.' Likewise, the traditional approach taken by Australian labour historians to this social formation has been to focus on specific localities where the dominant industries have produced extensive union membership and activism. Generally, such studies have favoured coal mining and iron and steel industries and with only a few exceptions, they have tended to subordinate communal dynamics to economic, political and industrial developments.' The problem with this approach is that it fails to deal with the …

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'Millennial Dreaming', Paul Strangio Oct 1999

'Millennial Dreaming', Paul Strangio

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

In July 1893 Australia's first great socialist evangelist William Lane, accompanied by a band ofloyal disciples, departed Australia to found a socialist utopia in Paraguay. The story ofN ew Australia - the name given to the communal colony that the settlers established in Paraguay - has long exercised a fascination over Australian historians. I The reason for that enduring resonance is, perhaps, at least in part, because the New Australia saga, both in its genesis and outcome, powerfully evokes the unfulfilled dream of Australian socialism. If it is the figure of Lane who personifies that lack of fulfillment in the …

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The Reproduction Of Labour Power: The Work Of Midwives And 'Handywomen' In Rural New South Wales, 1850-1880, Glenda Strachan Oct 1999

The Reproduction Of Labour Power: The Work Of Midwives And 'Handywomen' In Rural New South Wales, 1850-1880, Glenda Strachan

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

The occupations of midwife, nurse and doctor have been codified in Australia and overseas in the twentieth century. The struggles for dominance of one occupation versus the other have been documented. I In twentieth century Australia midwifery has been subordinated to general nursing and medicine as midwifery training is undertaken once the general nurse training course leading to nurse registration has been accomplished. In addition, the twentieth century growth ofthe medical speciality of obstetrics and the fact that since the 1930s most births have occurred in hospitals, have subordinated midwifery to medical practice. These ideas and debates have shaped the …

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The Privatisation Debate And Labor Tradition, Shawn Sherlock Oct 1999

The Privatisation Debate And Labor Tradition, Shawn Sherlock

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

The debate surrounding the ideological underpinning of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) has been a constant companion to the development of policy both in government and in opposition since the Parties origins in the 1890s. The privatisation debate ofthe 1980s saw the Hawke governments come under sustained criticism for the shifting of the Party to the right and for the betrayal of the Labor tradition. This paper will examine the privatisation debate in the light ofthis concept of tradition, and its usefulness to historians in trying to gain an insight into the motivations of the protagonists of the time. The …

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A Model Of Reading Practice In The Australian Labour Movement During The First Half Of The 20th Century, Sean Scalmer Oct 1999

A Model Of Reading Practice In The Australian Labour Movement During The First Half Of The 20th Century, Sean Scalmer

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

This paper aims to contribute to the growing field of scholarship that examines reading within the labour movement. However, unlike earlier contributions, which have focused on what is read rather than how it is read; on the nineteenth rather than twentieth century; or on specific individuals rather than common actions, the analysis presented here examines the dominant, distinctive form of reading that developed within the Australian labour movement during the first half of the twentieth century. I This reading practice is contrasted with an ideal type of bourgeois reading, as a means of illuminating what is particular and historically significant …

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The Two Labor Agrarianisms: The Regulation Of The Dairy And Wheat Industries By The New South Wales Labor Government Of 1930-32, Geoffrey Robinson Oct 1999

The Two Labor Agrarianisms: The Regulation Of The Dairy And Wheat Industries By The New South Wales Labor Government Of 1930-32, Geoffrey Robinson

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

Since 1972 Labor federal governments have implemented a policy of economic liberalisation in Australian agriculture. It was in this area that the Whitlam government showed itself most sympathetic to market liberalism. Australian agricultural economists were the first Australian economists to champion economic liberalisation and they welcomed Whitlam's initiatives. I To economic liberals all forms of agricultural product market regulation constitute unproductive rent seeking. As a result agricultural economists have shown little interest in examining the ideologies and forms of Labor agricultural regulation.2 Labour historians and activists have followed a similar pattern. They have taken for granted Labor's support of agricultural …

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'Maids Of All Work'.1 Women, Voluntary Labour And Australian Red Cross Vads, Melanie Oppenheimer Oct 1999

'Maids Of All Work'.1 Women, Voluntary Labour And Australian Red Cross Vads, Melanie Oppenheimer

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

Enid Singleton, from Belmore in Sydney's southern suburbs,joined the Marrickville Voluntary Aid Detachment (VAD) in 1958. As was commonplace for young women of her generation, she had left school at fifteen and secured a good job at the Sydney County Council (SCC) as a cashier. However, she had always wanted to be a nurse so she decided to join her local VAD at Marrickville and become a voluntary, untrained 'nurse' in her spare time. Every Monday night, Enid travelled from her home in Belmore to Marrickville on the' 412' bus to attend classes. For six years, until 1964 when she …

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Reform Or Reaction? Progress Or Struggle: Labor And Liberal Perspectives On History, Bobbie Oliver Oct 1999

Reform Or Reaction? Progress Or Struggle: Labor And Liberal Perspectives On History, Bobbie Oliver

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

Writers of Australian history - especially prior to the 1970s - were usually either conservatives who emphasised economic 'progress', social cohesiveness and harmony, or radicals who majored on struggle, divisiveness and attempts at social and political reform. The history of working class has fallen into the latter category. How then has the Australian Labor Party (ALP), which has always regarded itself as the working class party, interpreted history? The paper surveys some examples of 'conservative' and 'radical' history, and then examines the ALP's role in preserving and telling its own history. It discusses the extent to which Labor Party history …

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Malcolm Ellis: Labour Historian? Spy?, Andrew Moore Oct 1999

Malcolm Ellis: Labour Historian? Spy?, Andrew Moore

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

When, on New Year's Day 1952, Sir John Ferguson, the eminent bibliographer and Industrial Commission judge, wrote to his friend and colleague, M.H. Ellis, the anticommunist historian, he evinced sentiments with which many labour historians would agree. Ferguson knew of EIlis's practice of collecting left-wing literature, especially pamphlets published by the Communist Party of Australia (CPA). Ferguson was concerned that these should be preserved, perhaps, he suggested, as part of his large collection of Australiana lodged at the National Library of Australia. If Ellis acceded to this request, Ferguson advised, future students of 'sociology' would have access to a 'large …

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Unionization And Indonesian Workers In 1930s Australia, Julia Martinez Oct 1999

Unionization And Indonesian Workers In 1930s Australia, Julia Martinez

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

This paper considers the connection between Indonesian workers and Australian unionism in 1930s Australia, focusing on indentured workers in Darwin's pearling industry. The pearling industry began in Australia's northern waters in the 1860s.1 With its multi-ethnic workforce, it was one of the areas of concern for White Australian unionists. The 1920s and 1930s, however, were particularly significant in that for the first time a tentative connection was formed between the Australian labour movement and the indentured Asian workers. According to Michael Quinlan and Constance Lever-Tracy, it was in the 1930s that unionists first questioned the old axiom that 'Asiatics' were …

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Female Industrial Organisation In The Nsw Public Service Association (Psa), 1899-1999, Ray Markey Oct 1999

Female Industrial Organisation In The Nsw Public Service Association (Psa), 1899-1999, Ray Markey

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

The Australian historical literature on women's work and industrial organisation has expanded considerably in the last twenty years. However, historical studies of office work, a major employer of women, are limited in scope, particularly in the public sector. Where public service women have been referred to, it is almost exclusively in the Commonwealth sphere. Historical accounts ofthe Australian equal pay movement have also tended to concentrate on the role of the Teachers' Federation and the Federated Clerks' Union, rather than of public service (non-teaching) industrial organisations. I Nevertheless, from an early stage the NSW public service was a major employer …

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Logic Is Not The Truest Guide' - R.S. Ross: Rationalism, Vision And Socialism In The Evolution Of A Labour Editor, E R. Macnamara Oct 1999

Logic Is Not The Truest Guide' - R.S. Ross: Rationalism, Vision And Socialism In The Evolution Of A Labour Editor, E R. Macnamara

Labour & Community - Sixth National Conference of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History

Whether the cup with sweet or bitter run, The Wine of Life keeps oozing drop by drop, The Leaves of Life keep falling one by one. Robert Samuel Ross, was born in 1873 and raised in Brisbane. A printer's son, a printer's apprentice, he went to work at seventeen. On his twenty-first birthday his journal records a solemn promise: 'Now I must commence to take life seriously .... One must have some knowledge in life. Get knowledge, for knowledge is power!' 1 The next year, at the age of twenty two, he became a founding member of the Australian Socialist …

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