Digital Commons Network^™

Application-Centered Internet Analysis, Tim Wu

Faculty Scholarship

There is a now-standard debate about law and the Internet. One side asserts that the Internet is so new and different that it calls for new legal approaches, even its own sovereign law. The other side argues that, although it is a new technology, the Internet nonetheless presents familiar legal problems. It is a battle of analogies: One side refers to Cyberspace as a place, while the other essentially equates the Internet and the telephone.

In my view, these two positions are both wrong and right: wrong in their characterization of the Internet as a whole, yet potentially right about …

Agriculture, Grazing And Land Changes At The Serra De Tramuntana Karstic Mountains, Ángel Ginés

International Journal of Speleology

Karst landforms are one of the most outstanding characteristics of the Serra de Tramuntana range on the island of Mallorca, especially regarding traditional farming and the landscape wilderness. Good examples of polje-like depressions, dolines, karstic gorges and karrenfields are widely distributed over the mountain range. Owing to karrenfields occupying a large surface area in the Serra to the exclusion of arable land, the traditional activity based on the repetitive burning of the Ampelodesmos mauritanica brushwoods for cattle-raising promotes hastening deforestation and soil removal.

Impacts Of Agricultural Transformation On The Principal Karstic Regions Of France, Jean Nicod, Jean-Noël Salomon

International Journal of Speleology

The recent extension of intensive agriculture on the karst plateaus has caused different types of impact: soil management, generalised and/or localised pollution. Yet paradoxically rural depopulation can also have negative impacts, which largely depend on the characteristics and the hydrological function of the different karst environments. They are often negative, particularly as far as the water quality is concerned, which is why protection measures are undertaken, either in a defined area for a catchment, or in the framework of regional parks. But this is not always the case, so it is appropriate to analyse the problem of karst pollution as …

Agriculture, Landscape And Human Impact In Some Karst Areas Of Italy, Ezio Burri, Benedetta Castiglioni, Ugo Sauro

International Journal of Speleology

Italy is made up for about 1/5 of its surface by soluble rocks, which represent the arena of karst environments. The karst morpho-units, some hundreds, are mainly distributed inside the alpine structure of the Mediterranean mountains. A very large number of rock formations are present, different in facies, lithology, age, etc. Among these, carbonate rocks prevail, followed by gypsum and salt. Most of the carbonate rocks are limestones sedimented in a platform environment and they show a wide range of porosity, frequency of fractures and bedding planes. The climatic processes, the expression of some different sub-types of Mediterranean climate (from …

Land Use And Human Impact In The Dinaric Karst, Ivan Gams, Matej Gabrovec

International Journal of Speleology

The article presents Dinaric karst, human impacts in the area, and its long history of deforestation, transformation into stony semi-desert, and a century long reforestation, where plans to restore the primary thick soil were just hoping against hope.

Agriculture And Nature Conservation In The Moravian Karst (Czech Republic), Ivan Balák, Jozef Janèo, Leos Stefka, Pavel Bosák

International Journal of Speleology

Moravian karst is a narrow strip of limestone with long history of settlement, agricultural use and man impact to karst. It is naturally divided into smaller units - karst plateaus - separated by deep valleys (glens). Each plateau has different proportion of land use, i.e. the percentage of agricultural land, forests, etc. The agricultural land constitutes now up to 70% in the north and max. 30% in the centre and south of the total area of plateaus. Intensive agricultural use of the arable land since 60ties of this Century caused great impact to quality of soils and groundwater by overdoses …

Interaction Between Karst, Water And Agriculture Over The Climatic Gradient Of Israel, Amos Frumkin

International Journal of Speleology

The dry climate of Israel and the karstic nature of its rocks have always imposed human innovation for utilisation of water resources and agriculture. Large perennial karst springs are available only in the lowlands, but sophisticated water supply systems were built both in the lowland and highland regions. Marl layers interbedded within carbonates give rise to local perched springs and allow terrace construction. Deforestation has taken place for some 4000 years, causing intense soil erosion, but terraces have reduced this impact.

Land Use In The Karstic Lands In The Mediterranean Region, Ibrahim Atalay

International Journal of Speleology

Karstic lands have special importance in terms of soil formation and land-use. Soil appears only on the flat and slightly undulating karstic lands, while soils are found along the cracks and bedding surfaces between the layers on the hilly karst areas although these lands are rocky in appearance. Karstic lands in the hilly area are not conducive to cultivation. But rocky areas create a favourable habitat for the growth of forests except in an arid climate. Because the tree roots easily follow and develop along the cracks in the limestone. As a general rule soil erosion does not occur on …

Environmental Vulnerability And Agriculture In The Karstic Domain: Landscape Indicators And Cases In The Atlas Highlands, Morocco, Brahim Akdim, Mohammed Amyay

International Journal of Speleology

After the brief presentation of the major karstic areas in Morocco, the article focused essentially on the Atlas mountains to investigate the impact of the agriculture on the natural systems equilibrium. Socio-economic changes (demographic pressure, escalation of the landscape use, utilisation of new techniques in water harvesting, etc...) have sometimes fathered mechanisms of degradation. Many indicators seem to reflect these mechanisms. The pedologic indicators, soil erosion, the hydrologic and geomorphic indicators, are apprehended to demonstrate existent correlation between different variables and the often negative impacts of land over-use in the karstic domain of the Middle Atlas.

Diet Composition And Feeding Habits Of Large Striped Bass, Morone Saxatilis, In Chesapeake Bay, John F. Walter

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Carbon Production And Growth Physiology Of Heterotrophic Bacteria In A Subtropical Coral Reef Ecosystem, Peter Dylan Countway

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Medium- And Long-Term Changes In Fluvial Discharge To The Sea: The Yellow River Case Study, John J. Galler

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Indo-Pacific Population Structure Of The Black Marlin, Makaira Indica, Inferred From Molecular Markers, Brett Falterman

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

The Governmental Composition Of The Insurance Costs Of Smoking, W. Kip Viscusi

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

The estimated health risks from smoking have significant external financial consequences for society. Studies at the national level indicate that cigarettes are selffinancing since external costs such as those due to illnesses are offset by cost savings associated with premature death, chiefly pension costs. This paper extends this analysis to all 50 states and considers the costs considered in the state attorneys general suits against the cigarette industry. Cigarettes are always self-financing from the standpoint of costs to each state. The extent of the cost savings is less than at the federal level. However, smokers' higher medical costs are outweighed …

Intent, Purpose And Motivation In Constitutional Litigation, Leon Friedman

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

I will discuss the wonderful interrelation between intent, purpose and motivation. I have always loved analyzing the difference between these three concepts in the criminal procedure area. These words are used interchangeably in three different areas of the law and the words mean something different depending upon what area you are talking about.

Let me briefly get the criminal part of it out of the way. We use intent in the criminal law because at that point the key consideration is whether one volitionally wanted to do that which one was accused of doing. Intent in the criminal area is …

Johnston, Jesse Walter, Sr., 1880-1972 (Sc 1337), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

MSS Finding Aids

Finding aid and typescript (Click on "Additional Files" below) for Manuscripts Small Collection 1337. Journal kept by Jesse Walter Johnston, Sr., Sebree, Webster County, Kentucky, concerning the destructive 1937 flood and data about Johnston. He was minister of the First Baptist Church, Sebree from 1929 to 1944.

Existence Of And Responses To Violence In Georgia Elementary Schools, Marie Craig Hooks

Legacy ETDs

Most elementary schools throughout the nation are safe environments in which young children are achieving and flourishing. However, as the literature confirms that elementary schools are experiencing an increase in incidents of school violence (Petersen, 1997, National Parent Teacher Association, 1993, Sauerwein, 1995), it is imperative that principals examine both proactive and reactive means of responding to these violence issues should they arise in their schools. Disciplinary consequences addressing violent acts which have been used historically in secondary and middle schools are not always available to elementary principals nor are they developmentally appropriate for young perpetrators of violent acts.

The …

The Perceptions Of Administrators And Teachers Regarding The Features Of Alternative Schools In Georgia, Leslie Mcaffee

Legacy ETDs

The purpose of the study was to determine the perceptions of administrators and teachers at alternative schools in Georgia of the importance of identified key program features of these schools by comparison with the existence of these features at their own schools. All administrators and teachers at all 117 alternative schools in Georgia that serve disruptive students were mailed surveys for this study. Fifty-six percent of the schools returned completed surveys. Teachers and administrators were asked to rate the importance of 40 features of alternative schools and the existence of these features in their respective alternative schools. Each feature belonged …

The Effects Of Aerobic And Resistance Training On Mood State And Self-Esteem In Cardiac Rehabilitation, Cyndee M. Lee

Legacy ETDs

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise training, aerobic and a combination of aerobic and resistance, on mood state and selfesteem in a sample of cardiac rehabilitation patients. A secondary purpose was to examine the influence of activity level on the psychological benefits received from the training programs. This study was conducted in a pretest/post-test format over an eight week period. Ten phase III participants (male = 9 and female = 1) volunteered from four cardiac rehabilitation centers in Georgia for participation in this study. Each participant read and signed an informed consent form …

Training Hospital-Employed Nurses To Use Automatic External Defibrillators: Evaluation Of Knowledge And Skills Immediately Post-Training And At Six Months, Susan Patrice Brown

Legacy ETDs

Numerous studies have demonstrated the importance of early defibrillation in patients suffering a cardiac arrest. The increased awareness of the importance of early defibrillation and the growing availability of Automatic External Defibrillators (AEDs) has prompted the American Heart Association (AHA) to recommend that AED training be incorporated into Basic Life Support (BLS) programs for all hospital personnel expected to respond to a patient in cardiac arrest.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the retention of knowledge and skills of hospital-employed nurses in their use of an AED after a training program. A secondary goal was to determine if …

Plus Ca Change . . . Or If Hard Cases Make Bad Law, What Do Bad Cases Make?, Suzanna Sherry

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

This article is part of a symposium on constitutional law, the theme of which is to explore real constitutional issues deriving from specific cases within a fictional exercise. These cases, all taken from the historical record, are described as they were litigated but with imaginary elements (such as changes in fact or outcome) designed to explore the constitutional ramifications of an altered history. Thus, each altered history represents "a road not taken" in legal jurisprudence, and in the manner of chaos theory, suggests how constitutional law today (if not reality itself) might appear once specific details of the historical record …

Rediscovering Educational Giants: African American Schools In Bulloch County, Georgia 1920-1949, Enola Gay Smith Mosley

Legacy ETDs

This study provided in depth knowledge of the forty-three African American schools existing in Bulloch County, Georgia, between the years 1920 and 1949. The three areas studied were their physical appearances, their curricular aspects, and their funding practices. The first area dealt with their external physical appearances and the internal environment of each school. The next area concerned their curricular aspects. Information such as subjects taught, teachers, supervision, length of the school year and school day, and school closing exercises was presented. The last area concerned the funding practices of these schools. This study included Rosenwald, Barrett-Roger, and Smith-Hughes funding …

The Role Of Legal Doctrine In The Decline Of The Islamic Waqf: A Comparison With The Trust, Jeffrey Schoenblum

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

The Waqf and the trust have an ancient, intertwined history. However, whereas the Waqf has largely remained a static institution, the trust has proven remarkably flexible and responsive to changing conditions affecting intergenerational management of family wealth and its preservation. While there is a temptation to find clones in legal constructs of different cultures, care must be exercised to avoid simplistic or superficial generalizations. This is true of the Waqf and the trust. It would be intriguing to find comparable wealth administration and preservation constructs in these two great systems of law. This is simply not the case with the …

Georgia's Globally-Minded Principals: Backgrounds, Attitudes, And Perceptions, Catherine Cummings Wooddy

Legacy ETDs

This study sought to provide information concerning the high school principal's global-mindedness and whether that global-mindedness had an effect on globally focused teaching and programming within that school. The study also attempted to identity demographic and background factors, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors that have an association with the global-mindedness of the person. Underlying the study was the premise that today's students need to be prepared for the globalized world in which they will live, that their preparation will come primarily from school and home, that educators must understand the globalized world if they are to prepare students, and that the …

Examination Of A Stress Process Model In People Living With Aids/Hiv, Bret Morgan Sawyer

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

This survey research examined a stress process model (A-B-C) in People Living With AIDS and/or HIV (PLWAs) with point "A" representing stressful life events, point "B" the PLWAs' psychological make-up, and point "C" the emotional consequences. Point "A" was assessed by the HIV-stressor scale which yielded two results: (1) number of stressors experienced, and (2) the PLWAs' perception of how stressful each event was for them. Point "B" was assessed by measuring two constructs: (1) Sense of Coherence (SOC) which measured the PLWAs' ability to find meaning in their illness, and (2) Perceived Health Competence (PHC) which measured the PLWAs' …

Factors Influencing School Board Decisions On Redistricting, Frank Edward Morgan

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The purposes of this study were: (1) to determine the factors that influence the decisions of local school boards concerning redistricting, and (2) to determine if the factors influencing redistricting decisions-are more instructional or non- instructional in nature. The study employed a case study methodology, examining a specific school board involved in a redistricting process that occurred in 1996.;Data for the study were collected utilizing the following: interviews with school board members; interviews with staff members; interviews with members of the media who covered the redistricting process; interviews with community members; newspaper articles; school board meeting minutes and other internal …

Marketing The Civil War Centennial: Atlanta, Charleston, And Richmond, Eric Wendell Leiden

Legacy ETDs

One of the most traumatic events in American history was the American Civil War. In 1860, South Carolina seceded from the Union and within six months, ten southern states, including Georgia and Virginia followed suit.¹ These southern states fought against the northern states of the Union from April 12, 1861 until April 9, 1865. Finally, when the hostilities were concluded, the southern states rejoined the union. Unfortunately, in some ways, the hostilities never really subsided and remained in the minds of many Southerners.

In 1961, under the supervision of the National Civil War Centennial Commission, the United States began …

A Team Production Theory Of Corporate Law, Margaret M. Blair, Lynn A. Stout

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

Contemporary corporate scholarship generally assumes that the central economic problem addressed by corporation law is getting managers and directors to act as loyal agents for shareholders. We take issue with this approach and argue that the unique legal rules governing publicly-held corporations are instead designed primarily to address a different problem - the "team production" problem - that arises when a number of individuals must invest firm-specific resources to produce a nonseparable output. In such situations team members may find it difficult or impossible to draft explicit contracts distributing the output of their joint efforts, and, as an alternative, might …

A Postmortem On The Cigarette Settlement, W. Kip Viscusi

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

The settlement of the Attorney Generals' suits against the cigarette industry for $206 billion was a landmark outcome. By any standard, the financial stakes were enormous, dwarfing eventhe largest tort liability judgments and punitive damages awards. Moreover, what was especially noteworthy was that the party paying for the costs was the cigarette industry, which to date had been almost unscathed after decades of litigation involving the hazards of smoking... Even more surprising than the enormous amount of the settlement is that any portion is being paid at all to the states. Past research at the national level indicates that cigarettes …

Are Risk Regulators Rational? Evidence From Hazardous Waste Cleanup Decisions, W. Kip Viscusi, James Hamilton

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

Using original data on the cleanup of 130 hazardous waste sites, we examine the degree Superfund decisions are driven by efficiency concerns, biases in risk perceptions, and political factors. Target risk levels chosen by regulators are largely a function of political variables and risk perception biases. Regulators exhibit biases consistent with anchoring and the availability heuristic, and do not distinguish between current risks to actual residents and potential risks to hypothetically exposed populations. Quantile regressions indicate that political factors affect decisions on the cost per case of cancer averted, especially for the most inefficient cleanup efforts.