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Always Faithful: A Story Of The War In Afghanistan, The Fall Of Kabul, And The Unshakable Bond Between A Marine And An Interpreter, Nathan R. Packard, Tom Schueman, Zainullah Zaki, Russell Worth Parker Jun 2024

Always Faithful: A Story Of The War In Afghanistan, The Fall Of Kabul, And The Unshakable Bond Between A Marine And An Interpreter, Nathan R. Packard, Tom Schueman, Zainullah Zaki, Russell Worth Parker

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


The Sea In Russian Strategy, Ian Sundstrom, Andrew Monaghan, Richard Connolly Jun 2024

The Sea In Russian Strategy, Ian Sundstrom, Andrew Monaghan, Richard Connolly

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


Vietnam And The Four Nos—How Chinese Actions In The South China Sea Influence Vietnam’S Hedging Strategy, Jeff Zeberlein Jun 2024

Vietnam And The Four Nos—How Chinese Actions In The South China Sea Influence Vietnam’S Hedging Strategy, Jeff Zeberlein

Naval War College Review

Vietnam’s policy of nonentanglement called the “Four Nos”—intended to hedge against China’s political, economic, and military strength—is challenged by Beijing’s increasing aggression and maximalist claims in the South China Sea, opening opportunities for U.S. policy in the region.


Clausewitzian Friction And Twenty-First-Century War—The Paradox Of Technology, Nikolas Gardner Jun 2024

Clausewitzian Friction And Twenty-First-Century War—The Paradox Of Technology, Nikolas Gardner

Naval War College Review

New and emerging technologies—especially affecting sensors, networks, autonomy, and computing—are changing Clausewitz’s concept of friction in warfare. While these technologies appear to reduce some aspects of friction, they amplify others and may introduce new ones altogether.


Outsourcing Security At Sea—The Return Of Private Maritime-Security Companies And Their Role In Twenty-First-Century Maritime Security, Pieter W. G. Zhao Jun 2024

Outsourcing Security At Sea—The Return Of Private Maritime-Security Companies And Their Role In Twenty-First-Century Maritime Security, Pieter W. G. Zhao

Naval War College Review

Tracing the historical, political, and economic dynamics behind the medieval emergence and eventual disappearance in the nineteenth century of mercenary naval forces illuminates the modern development of private maritime-security companies to address piracy.


The Failure Of German Naval Force Design, 1928–39, Mark Stanovich Jun 2024

The Failure Of German Naval Force Design, 1928–39, Mark Stanovich

Naval War College Review

In the early years of World War II, Germany came perilously close to cutting off Great Britain’s vital sea-lanes. The ultimate failure can be traced to force-design mistakes in the decade prior to war, illuminating the political, industrial, and strategic challenges facing nations redesigning their force structures today.


President's Forum, Pete Garvin Rear Admiral, U.S. Navy, President, Naval War College Jun 2024

President's Forum, Pete Garvin Rear Admiral, U.S. Navy, President, Naval War College

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


Small Mobile Pieces Of National Sovereignty?—Uncrewed Vessels, Naval Diplomacy, And The Challenge Of Signaling, Richard Dunley Jun 2024

Small Mobile Pieces Of National Sovereignty?—Uncrewed Vessels, Naval Diplomacy, And The Challenge Of Signaling, Richard Dunley

Naval War College Review

Naval employment of uncrewed platforms is expanding, but their status and perception among both operators and adversaries are still evolving, with key differences from crewed platforms that affect diplomacy, political signaling, and conflict escalation.


From The Editors, Steven P. Stashwick Managing Editor Jun 2024

From The Editors, Steven P. Stashwick Managing Editor

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


Winter 2024 Full Issue, The U.S. Naval War College Jun 2024

Winter 2024 Full Issue, The U.S. Naval War College

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


Cmsi Translations #4: Charging Into Battle—A Deeply Entwined Network: A Profile Of Wang Chengfei, Director Of A Research Office At The Naval Research Academy, Wang Kun, Ye Zhong, Zhou Huaiping Jun 2024

Cmsi Translations #4: Charging Into Battle—A Deeply Entwined Network: A Profile Of Wang Chengfei, Director Of A Research Office At The Naval Research Academy, Wang Kun, Ye Zhong, Zhou Huaiping

CMSI Translations

Wang Chengfei, Director of a research office and senior engineer at the Naval Research Academy, has presided over the initiation and evaluation of several major comprehensive information system equipment projects. He has compiled a development guide and technical requirements for Navy unmanned intelligent equipment technology systems, filled many specifications gaps, won a second- class Military Science and Technology Progress Award, obtained eight national defense patents, and was once awarded a third-class citation.


Cmsi Translations #3: Discussion On The Requirements And Methods Of Intelligent Decision-Making In Torpedo Attacks By Unmanned Underwater Vehicles, Ma Liang, Guo Liqiang, Zhang Hui, Yang Jing, Liu Jian May 2024

Cmsi Translations #3: Discussion On The Requirements And Methods Of Intelligent Decision-Making In Torpedo Attacks By Unmanned Underwater Vehicles, Ma Liang, Guo Liqiang, Zhang Hui, Yang Jing, Liu Jian

CMSI Translations

Autonomous technology in unmanned equipment is currently the most dynamic frontier technology field, and improving the level of intelligent decision-making is an inevitable trend in the development of unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs). Torpedo attack decision-making is an important part of attack-type UUVs' attack missions, and it is also the basis and premise for forming self-organizing cross-domain collaboration, autonomous cluster confrontation, and other operational capabilities. Beginning by sorting through the characteristics of operational use and typical mission styles, this article summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of UUVs compared to manned platforms, analyzes the decision-making content different from traditional torpedo attacks, expounds …


China Maritime Report No. 38: Plan Anti-Submarine Warfare Aircraft - Sensors, Weapons, And Operational Concepts, Eli Tirk, Daniel Salisbury May 2024

China Maritime Report No. 38: Plan Anti-Submarine Warfare Aircraft - Sensors, Weapons, And Operational Concepts, Eli Tirk, Daniel Salisbury

CMSI China Maritime Reports

The PLA Navy recognizes the importance of a robust anti-submarine warfare (ASW) system to counter adversaries seeking undersea asymmetric advantages, and its aviation component is a key part of that system. This report discusses the PLAN's efforts to improve its airborne ASW platforms and equipment and describes how PLAN-affiliated sources discuss the employment of those assets. The PLAN's significant buildup and growing employment of fixed-wing maritime patrol aircraft in recent years are key indicators of the importance it attaches to the airborne ASW mission set, as is its push to acquire improved sensors on both fixed and rotary wing ASW …


Unclos And The Law Of Occupation: On The Rights And Duties Of Occupying States In Maritime Areas, Louis M. Monroy Apr 2024

Unclos And The Law Of Occupation: On The Rights And Duties Of Occupying States In Maritime Areas, Louis M. Monroy

International Law Studies

As of today, the framework of ocean governance of coastal maritime areas created by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) is well understood and accepted by the international community. However, there are large and important areas of ocean space around the world that are subject to a more nuanced framework of interrelated norms. These are maritime areas that have come under the effective control of occupying States, often through the use of force. As such, the legal framework applicable to these maritime areas is that of the law of occupation. Nevertheless, because of the specificities …


Cyberspace And The Jus Ad Bellum: The State Of Play, Michael N. Schmitt, Anusha S. Pakkam Apr 2024

Cyberspace And The Jus Ad Bellum: The State Of Play, Michael N. Schmitt, Anusha S. Pakkam

International Law Studies

This article examines how States are interpreting one aspect of the international law governing cyber activities, the jus ad bellum. The article focuses on two issues: (1) the prohibition on the use of force found in Article 2(4) of the UN Charter, and (2) the right of self-defense in Article 51. The critical unsettled question regarding the first issue is the threshold at which a hostile cyber operation can be characterized as a “use of force” subject to the prohibition of Article 2(4). Concerning the second issue, a number of unresolved questions plague the application of the right of …


Cmsi Translations #2: Dominating The Battlefield—The Advantages Of Unmanned Intelligent Combat Forces, Zhao Xiangang, Su Yanqin Apr 2024

Cmsi Translations #2: Dominating The Battlefield—The Advantages Of Unmanned Intelligent Combat Forces, Zhao Xiangang, Su Yanqin

CMSI Translations

In his report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Xi Jinping emphasized the need to accelerate the development of unmanned intelligent combat forces. Looking at the practice of local wars in recent years, unmanned combat forces as represented by drones have become an important part of the joint operational force system, playing an increasingly prominent role as an effectiveness multiplier. Especially with the advent of artificial intelligence technology and its rapid development and widespread use in the military field, unmanned systems are becoming more intelligent and autonomous, and unmanned intelligent operations are showing advantages and …


Cmsi Translations #1: The “Cans” And “Cannots” Of The Military Application Of Artificial Intelligence, Zhang Long Apr 2024

Cmsi Translations #1: The “Cans” And “Cannots” Of The Military Application Of Artificial Intelligence, Zhang Long

CMSI Translations

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the military field is an important force for promoting improvements in military technology and progress in the revolution of military affairs and is a key driver changing operational patterns and disrupting the form of war. In the upsurge of military applications of AI, we must think carefully about future decisions, deeply understand the technological hub (jishu shuniu) role of AI, dialectically view the functional boundaries of military applications of AI, and accurately grasp what AI "can" and "cannot" do. We must oppose both contemptuous and omnipotent theories of AI military application, …


Annotated Supplement To The Commander's Handbook On The Law Of Naval Operations Apr 2024

Annotated Supplement To The Commander's Handbook On The Law Of Naval Operations

International Law Studies

The Commander’s Handbook on the Law of Naval Operations is used in the United States and throughout the world as a restatement of U.S. doctrinal law positions on matters affecting the operations of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Marine Corps, and the U.S. Coast Guard. Judge advocates and legal advisers have occasion to conduct deeper research to identify the context and source of the rules reflected in the Commander’s Handbook. Responding to this need, an Annotated Supplement to The Commander’s Handbook was produced in 1997 and published as volume 73 of International Law Studies. In the intervening decades, …


Chapter 2: International Status And Navigation Of Military Vessels And Military Aircraft Apr 2024

Chapter 2: International Status And Navigation Of Military Vessels And Military Aircraft

International Law Studies

The Commander’s Handbook on the Law of Naval Operations is used in the United States and throughout the world as a restatement of U.S. doctrinal law positions on matters affecting the operations of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Marine Corps, and the U.S. Coast Guard. Judge advocates and legal advisers have occasion to conduct deeper research to identify the context and source of the rules reflected in the Commander’s Handbook. Responding to this need, an Annotated Supplement to The Commander’s Handbook was produced in 1997 and published as volume 73 of International Law Studies. In the intervening decades, …


Chapter 1: Legal Divisions Of The Oceans And Airspace Apr 2024

Chapter 1: Legal Divisions Of The Oceans And Airspace

International Law Studies

The Commander’s Handbook on the Law of Naval Operations is used in the United States and throughout the world as a restatement of U.S. doctrinal law positions on matters affecting the operations of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Marine Corps, and the U.S. Coast Guard. Judge advocates and legal advisers have occasion to conduct deeper research to identify the context and source of the rules reflected in the Commander’s Handbook. Responding to this need, an Annotated Supplement to The Commander’s Handbook was produced in 1997 and published as volume 73 of International Law Studies. In the intervening decades, …


Chapter 3: Protection Of Persons And Property At Sea And Maritime Law Enforcement Apr 2024

Chapter 3: Protection Of Persons And Property At Sea And Maritime Law Enforcement

International Law Studies

The Commander’s Handbook on the Law of Naval Operations is used in the United States and throughout the world as a restatement of U.S. doctrinal law positions on matters affecting the operations of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Marine Corps, and the U.S. Coast Guard. Judge advocates and legal advisers have occasion to conduct deeper research to identify the context and source of the rules reflected in the Commander’s Handbook. Responding to this need, an Annotated Supplement to The Commander’s Handbook was produced in 1997 and published as volume 73 of International Law Studies. In the intervening decades, …


Chapter 4: Safeguarding U.S. National Interests In The Maritime Environment Apr 2024

Chapter 4: Safeguarding U.S. National Interests In The Maritime Environment

International Law Studies

The Commander’s Handbook on the Law of Naval Operations is used in the United States and throughout the world as a restatement of U.S. doctrinal law positions on matters affecting the operations of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Marine Corps, and the U.S. Coast Guard. Judge advocates and legal advisers have occasion to conduct deeper research to identify the context and source of the rules reflected in the Commander’s Handbook. Responding to this need, an Annotated Supplement to The Commander’s Handbook was produced in 1997 and published as volume 73 of International Law Studies. In the intervening decades, …


Chapter 6: Adherence And Enforcement Apr 2024

Chapter 6: Adherence And Enforcement

International Law Studies

The Commander’s Handbook on the Law of Naval Operations is used in the United States and throughout the world as a restatement of U.S. doctrinal law positions on matters affecting the operations of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Marine Corps, and the U.S. Coast Guard. Judge advocates and legal advisers have occasion to conduct deeper research to identify the context and source of the rules reflected in the Commander’s Handbook. Responding to this need, an Annotated Supplement to The Commander’s Handbook was produced in 1997 and published as volume 73 of International Law Studies. In the intervening decades, …


Chapter 5: Principles And Sources Of The Law Of Armed Conflict Apr 2024

Chapter 5: Principles And Sources Of The Law Of Armed Conflict

International Law Studies

The Commander’s Handbook on the Law of Naval Operations is used in the United States and throughout the world as a restatement of U.S. doctrinal law positions on matters affecting the operations of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Marine Corps, and the U.S. Coast Guard. Judge advocates and legal advisers have occasion to conduct deeper research to identify the context and source of the rules reflected in the Commander’s Handbook. Responding to this need, an Annotated Supplement to The Commander’s Handbook was produced in 1997 and published as volume 73 of International Law Studies. In the intervening decades, …


Chapter 10: Chemical, Biological, Radiological, And Nuclear Weapons Apr 2024

Chapter 10: Chemical, Biological, Radiological, And Nuclear Weapons

International Law Studies

The Commander’s Handbook on the Law of Naval Operations is used in the United States and throughout the world as a restatement of U.S. doctrinal law positions on matters affecting the operations of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Marine Corps, and the U.S. Coast Guard. Judge advocates and legal advisers have occasion to conduct deeper research to identify the context and source of the rules reflected in the Commander’s Handbook. Responding to this need, an Annotated Supplement to The Commander’s Handbook was produced in 1997 and published as volume 73 of International Law Studies. In the intervening decades, …


Chapter 12: Deception During Armed Conflict Apr 2024

Chapter 12: Deception During Armed Conflict

International Law Studies

The Commander’s Handbook on the Law of Naval Operations is used in the United States and throughout the world as a restatement of U.S. doctrinal law positions on matters affecting the operations of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Marine Corps, and the U.S. Coast Guard. Judge advocates and legal advisers have occasion to conduct deeper research to identify the context and source of the rules reflected in the Commander’s Handbook. Responding to this need, an Annotated Supplement to The Commander’s Handbook was produced in 1997 and published as volume 73 of International Law Studies. In the intervening decades, …


Chapter 9: Conventional Weapons And Weapons Systems Apr 2024

Chapter 9: Conventional Weapons And Weapons Systems

International Law Studies

The Commander’s Handbook on the Law of Naval Operations is used in the United States and throughout the world as a restatement of U.S. doctrinal law positions on matters affecting the operations of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Marine Corps, and the U.S. Coast Guard. Judge advocates and legal advisers have occasion to conduct deeper research to identify the context and source of the rules reflected in the Commander’s Handbook. Responding to this need, an Annotated Supplement to The Commander’s Handbook was produced in 1997 and published as volume 73 of International Law Studies. In the intervening decades, …


Chapter 8: The Law Of Targeting Apr 2024

Chapter 8: The Law Of Targeting

International Law Studies

The Commander’s Handbook on the Law of Naval Operations is used in the United States and throughout the world as a restatement of U.S. doctrinal law positions on matters affecting the operations of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Marine Corps, and the U.S. Coast Guard. Judge advocates and legal advisers have occasion to conduct deeper research to identify the context and source of the rules reflected in the Commander’s Handbook. Responding to this need, an Annotated Supplement to The Commander’s Handbook was produced in 1997 and published as volume 73 of International Law Studies. In the intervening decades, …


Chapter 7: The Law Of Neutrality Apr 2024

Chapter 7: The Law Of Neutrality

International Law Studies

The Commander’s Handbook on the Law of Naval Operations is used in the United States and throughout the world as a restatement of U.S. doctrinal law positions on matters affecting the operations of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Marine Corps, and the U.S. Coast Guard. Judge advocates and legal advisers have occasion to conduct deeper research to identify the context and source of the rules reflected in the Commander’s Handbook. Responding to this need, an Annotated Supplement to The Commander’s Handbook was produced in 1997 and published as volume 73 of International Law Studies. In the intervening decades, …


Chapter 11: Treatment Of Detained Persons Apr 2024

Chapter 11: Treatment Of Detained Persons

International Law Studies

The Commander’s Handbook on the Law of Naval Operations is used in the United States and throughout the world as a restatement of U.S. doctrinal law positions on matters affecting the operations of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Marine Corps, and the U.S. Coast Guard. Judge advocates and legal advisers have occasion to conduct deeper research to identify the context and source of the rules reflected in the Commander’s Handbook. Responding to this need, an Annotated Supplement to The Commander’s Handbook was produced in 1997 and published as volume 73 of International Law Studies. In the intervening decades, …