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Iowa State University

2009

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The Missing Link Crystallized From The Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Tosylate: Bis-Aqua-(P-Toluenesulfonato-O)-Europium(Iii)-Bis-P-Toluenesulfonate Dihydrate, Si-Fu Tang, Anja V. Mudring Jan 2009

The Missing Link Crystallized From The Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Tosylate: Bis-Aqua-(P-Toluenesulfonato-O)-Europium(Iii)-Bis-P-Toluenesulfonate Dihydrate, Si-Fu Tang, Anja V. Mudring

Anja V. Mudring

Bis-aqua-(p-toluenesulfonato-O)-europium(III)-bis-p-toluenesulfonate-dihydrate (1) was synthesized and structurally characterized. The crystal structure contains eight-coordinate europium(III) atoms. One oxygen atom from p-toluenesulfonate and seven aqua ligands form a slightly distorted square antiprism around Eu(III). A variety of O−H···O and intermolecular C−H···O hydrogen bonds link the asymmetric units into a two-dimensional layer, and these layers are further assembled into a three-dimensional supramolecular structure through intermolecular C−H···O hydrogen bonds and edge-to-face C−H···π interactions. The compound represents the structural missing link between the well-known lanthanide (Ln) tosylate (Tos) hydrates [(Ln(H2O)9](p-Tos)3(H2O) with noncoordinating tosylate and [Ln(H2O)6(p-Tos)2](p-Tos)2(H2O)3 where two tosylate groups coordinate to the lanthanide cation. It is …

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Selective Deposition Of Metal Nanoparticles Inside Or Outside Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes, Jean-Philippe Tessonnier, Ovidiu Ersen, Gisela Weinberg, Cuong Pham-Huu, Dang Sheng Su, Robert Schlogl Jan 2009

Selective Deposition Of Metal Nanoparticles Inside Or Outside Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes, Jean-Philippe Tessonnier, Ovidiu Ersen, Gisela Weinberg, Cuong Pham-Huu, Dang Sheng Su, Robert Schlogl

Jean-Philippe Tessonnier

A general method is described for the deposition of metal nanoparticles selectively either inside or outside of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The method is based on the difference in the interface energies of organic and aqueous solutions with the CNT surface. Because of their lipophilic character, the organic solvent better wets the surface of the nanotubes compared to water and penetrates into the inner volume. The precise control of the volume of each phase allows filling the CNT with the organic phase and covering its outer surface with the aqueous one. Hence, metal nanoparticles can be put with high selectivity either …

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Benefits Of Gardening For Children, Bambi L. Yost, Louise Chawla Jan 2009

Benefits Of Gardening For Children, Bambi L. Yost, Louise Chawla

Bambi L Yost

Gardening provides different forms of engagement for children, including designing, planting, and maintaining gardens; harvesting, preparing, and sharing food; working cooperatively in groups; learning about science and nutrition; and creating art and stories inspired by gardens. The studies summarized below have been selected because they include control groups, pre- and post-measures, well controlled correlations, or in-depth qualitative analyses. For more studies and an analysis of this research, see Blair (2009), “The child in the garden: An evaluative review of the benefits of school gardening.” Available online at http://www.colorado.edu/cye/sites/default/files/attached-files/Gardening_factsheet_2011.pdf

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Dysprosium-Based Ionic Liquid Crystals: Thermal, Structural, Photo- And Magnetophysical Properties, Anna Getsist, Benjamin Balke, Claudia Felser, Anja V. Mudring Jan 2009

Dysprosium-Based Ionic Liquid Crystals: Thermal, Structural, Photo- And Magnetophysical Properties, Anna Getsist, Benjamin Balke, Claudia Felser, Anja V. Mudring

Anja V. Mudring

[C12mim]3[DyBr6] (C12mim = 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium) represents a new material with interesting luminescent behavior as well as mesomorphic and magnetic properties. The compound was found to show thermotropic liquid crystalline behavior and forms smectic mesophases which were investigated by hot-stage polarizing optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The emission color of [C12mim]3[DyBr6] can be tuned from white to orange-yellow by the choice of the excitation wavelength. Sample excitation with λex = 366 nm leads to the blue-whitish luminescence from the imidazolium cation itself. With λex = 254 nm the common Dy(III) emission is observed which mainly arises from the 4F9/2 → 6H13/2 …

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An Investigation Of The Residual Stress Characterization And Relaxation In Peened Friction Stir Welded Aluminum–Lithium Alloy Joints, Omar Hatamleh, Iris V. Rivero, Shayla E. Swain Jan 2009

An Investigation Of The Residual Stress Characterization And Relaxation In Peened Friction Stir Welded Aluminum–Lithium Alloy Joints, Omar Hatamleh, Iris V. Rivero, Shayla E. Swain

Iris V. Rivero

In this investigation the residual stresses generated from friction stir welded (FSW) 2195 aluminum–lithium alloy joints were characterized. The results derived from this research revealed significant levels of tensile residual stresses at the surface and throughout the thickness of the FSW samples. Furthermore, residual stress relaxation at the surface and throughout the thickness of the samples was assessed for laser peened friction stir welded aluminum–lithium joints. To do so the samples were cycled several times at a constant amplitude load. The results indicated that most of the relaxation for the surface residual stresses took place during the first cycle of …

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Review: Personal Archives And A New Archival Calling: Readings, Reflections, And Ruminations, Kimberly D. Anderson Jan 2009

Review: Personal Archives And A New Archival Calling: Readings, Reflections, And Ruminations, Kimberly D. Anderson

Kimberly D. Anderson

Within the archival community, the concept of personal archives has evolved from that of the private papers of well-known and/or powerful individuals (literary manuscripts, private diaries of administrators, etc.) to incorporate the daily recordkeeping and memory practices of potentially all individuals, regardless of their status. With the advent of digital technologies, the ability to create and share evidence of self, family, and community has grown in the public consciousness. Richard Cox’s new book Personal Archives and a New Archival Calling is an appeal to archivists to tap into this increased awareness and to develop a “new partnership” with the public.

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Filthy Cellars And Healthy Pets: Relationships Between Public Health, Pets And Veterinarians In Cincinnati Prior To World War I, Kelly Wenig Jan 2009

Filthy Cellars And Healthy Pets: Relationships Between Public Health, Pets And Veterinarians In Cincinnati Prior To World War I, Kelly Wenig

Kelly Wenig

In 1868, Board of Health officials in the city of Cincinnati declared that all animals had to be removed from the basements of city residences. In his report on the state of the city, health officer William C. Clendenin commented that “[t]he extent to which cellars are used throughout the city as depositories for rubbish and filth is truly surprising; --many respectable people [keep] geese, chickens, dogs, and even calves in their cellars…Filthy cellars, especially when they are very damp, are a very certain cause of sickness.”1 For most of the nineteenth century, cows, chickens, sheep, dogs and cats were …

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Design Of Mfi Zeolite-Based Composites With Hierarchical Pore Structure: A New Generation Of Structured Catalysts, F. Ocampo, H. S. Yun, M. Maciel Pereira, Jean-Philippe Tessonnier, B. Louis Jan 2009

Design Of Mfi Zeolite-Based Composites With Hierarchical Pore Structure: A New Generation Of Structured Catalysts, F. Ocampo, H. S. Yun, M. Maciel Pereira, Jean-Philippe Tessonnier, B. Louis

Jean-Philippe Tessonnier

Zeolite/glass composite materials with hierarchical trimodal pore size distributions have been successfully prepared and subsequently characterized. Starting from glass monoliths having meso- and macropores, additional microporosity was introduced while allowing the growth of zeolite crystals via partial recrystallization of the glass support into ZSM-5 zeolite phase. Structured zeolitic catalytic materials were produced using a combination of supramolecular templating methods to produce the glass support, followed by conventional self-assembly of template cations and silica species. Zeolite crystals are therefore in intimate contact with the glass support, featuring micropores in addition to the mesopores. Hence, these zeolite/glass composites exhibit enhanced diffusional properties …

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Temperature-Driven Mixing-Demixing Behavior Of Binary Mixtures Of The Ionic Liquid Choline Bis(Trifluoromethylsulfonyl)Imide And Water, Peter Nockeman, Koen Binnemans, Ben Thijs, Tatjana N. Parc-Vogt, Klaus Merz, Anja V. Mudring, Preethy Chirukandath Menon, Ravindran Nair Rajesh, George Cordoyianis, Jan Thoen, Jan Leys, Christ Glorieux Jan 2009

Temperature-Driven Mixing-Demixing Behavior Of Binary Mixtures Of The Ionic Liquid Choline Bis(Trifluoromethylsulfonyl)Imide And Water, Peter Nockeman, Koen Binnemans, Ben Thijs, Tatjana N. Parc-Vogt, Klaus Merz, Anja V. Mudring, Preethy Chirukandath Menon, Ravindran Nair Rajesh, George Cordoyianis, Jan Thoen, Jan Leys, Christ Glorieux

Anja V. Mudring

Home Browse the Journal Articles ASAP Current Issue Submission & Review Open Access Subscribe About the Journal J. Phys. Chem. A B C Letters Pre-1997 System Maintenance: Thursday, October 22, 5pm to 9pm EDT Please be aware that pubs.acs.org will undergo maintenance from 5pm on Thursday, October 22 with all applications expected to resume normal operation by 9pm. This upgrade will impact applications that require a login or ACS ID, including the "Registration" and "MyAccount" functions. Log-in will be temporarily disabled for features including C&EN Delivery, ChemWorx and Galleys. Individual users will not be able to log-in to access their …

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Facile, Environmentally Friendly Fabrication Of Porous Silver Monoliths Using The Ionic Liquid N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)Ammonium Formate, Kai Richter, Tobias Backer, Anja V. Mudring Jan 2009

Facile, Environmentally Friendly Fabrication Of Porous Silver Monoliths Using The Ionic Liquid N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)Ammonium Formate, Kai Richter, Tobias Backer, Anja V. Mudring

Anja V. Mudring

The environmentally friendly ionic liquid N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium formate works as a reaction medium, reducing and templating agent in the mild microwave synthesis (5 min, 80 °C) of a macroporous silver framework from AgNO3.

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Dna Assembler, An In Vivo Genetic Method For Rapid Construction Of Biochemical Pathways, Zengyi Shao, Hua Zhao, Huimin Zhao Jan 2009

Dna Assembler, An In Vivo Genetic Method For Rapid Construction Of Biochemical Pathways, Zengyi Shao, Hua Zhao, Huimin Zhao

Zengyi Shao

The assembly of large recombinant DNA encoding a whole biochemical pathway or genome represents a significant challenge. Here, we report a new method, DNA assembler, which allows the assembly of an entire biochemical pathway in a single step via in vivo homologous recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We show that DNA assembler can rapidly assemble a functional d-xylose utilization pathway (∼9 kb DNA consisting of three genes), a functional zeaxanthin biosynthesis pathway (∼11 kb DNA consisting of five genes) and a functional combined d-xylose utilization and zeaxanthin biosynthesis pathway (∼19 kb consisting of eight genes) with high efficiencies (70 - 100%) …

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Silencing Of Nadph-Dependent Oxidoreductase Genes (Yqhd And Dkga) In Furfural-Resistant Ethanologenic Escherichia Coli, Elliot N. Miller, Laura R. Jarboe, L. P. Yomano, S. W. York, K. T. Shanmugam, L. O. Ingram Jan 2009

Silencing Of Nadph-Dependent Oxidoreductase Genes (Yqhd And Dkga) In Furfural-Resistant Ethanologenic Escherichia Coli, Elliot N. Miller, Laura R. Jarboe, L. P. Yomano, S. W. York, K. T. Shanmugam, L. O. Ingram

Laura R. Jarboe

Low concentrations of furfural are formed as a side product during the dilute acid hydrolysis of hemicellulose. Growth is inhibited by exposure to furfural but resumes after the complete reduction of furfural to the less toxic furfuryl alcohol. Growth-based selection was used to isolate a furfural-resistant mutant of ethanologenic Escherichia coli LY180, designated strain EMFR9. Based on mRNA expression levels in the parent and mutant in response to furfural challenge, genes encoding 12 oxidoreductases were found to vary by more than twofold (eight were higher in EMFR9; four were higher in the parent). All 12 genes were cloned. When expressed …

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Component Obsolescence Risk Assessment, Craig Josais, Janis P. Terpenny, Kenneth J. Mclean Jan 2009

Component Obsolescence Risk Assessment, Craig Josais, Janis P. Terpenny, Kenneth J. Mclean

Janis P. Terpenny

Custom low volume products and systems, such as those utilized by military and avionics applications; often make use of commercial high-tech components. In the past decade, technology has advanced very rapidly causing such components to have a shortened life span. Newer and better technologies are being introduced frequently, rendering components obsolete. Yet, custom low volume products and systems such as ships, submarines and aircraft can be in use for decades. Being proactive about obsolescence is critical to maintaining fully capable products and systems and satisfied customers. This paper presents an obsolescence risk measurement tool that is being developed to better …

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Rhodium Nanoparticle Shape Dependence In The Reduction Of No By Co, James Russell Renzas, Yawen Zhang, Wenyu Huang, Gabor Somoraji Jan 2009

Rhodium Nanoparticle Shape Dependence In The Reduction Of No By Co, James Russell Renzas, Yawen Zhang, Wenyu Huang, Gabor Somoraji

Wenyu Huang

The shape dependence of the catalytic reduction of nitric oxide by carbon monoxide on rhodium nanopoly- hedra and nanocubes was studied from 230 to 270 ° C. The nanocubes are found to exhibit higher turnover frequency and lower activation energy than the nanopolyhedra. These trends are compared to previous studies on Rh single crystals.

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Sub-10 Nm Platinum Nanocrystals With Size And Shape Control: Catalytic Study For Ethylene And Pyrrole Hydrogenation, Chia-Kuang Tsung, John N. Kuhn, Wenyu Huang, Cesar Aliaga, Ling-I Hung, Gabor A. Somorjai, Peidong Yang Jan 2009

Sub-10 Nm Platinum Nanocrystals With Size And Shape Control: Catalytic Study For Ethylene And Pyrrole Hydrogenation, Chia-Kuang Tsung, John N. Kuhn, Wenyu Huang, Cesar Aliaga, Ling-I Hung, Gabor A. Somorjai, Peidong Yang

Wenyu Huang

Platinum nanocubes and nanopolyhedra with tunable size from 5 to 9 nm were synthesized by controlling the reducing rate of metal precursor ions in a one-pot polyol synthesis. A two-stage process is proposed for the simultaneous control of size and shape. In the first stage, the oxidation state of the metal ion precursors determined the nucleation rate and consequently the number of nuclei. The reaction temperature controlled the shape in the second stage by regulation of the growth kinetics. These well-defined nanocrystals were loaded into MCF-17 mesoporous silica for examination of catalytic properties. Pt loadings and dispersions of the supported …

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Photoaffinity Labeling Via Nitrenium Ion Chemistry: Protonation Of The Nitrene Derived From 4-Amino-3-Nitrophenyl Azide To Afford Reactive Nitrenium Ion Pairs, Valentyna Voskresenska, R. Marshall Wilson, Maxim Panov, Alexander N. Tarnovsky, Jeanette A. Krause, Shubham Vyas, Arthur Winter, Christopher M. Hadad Jan 2009

Photoaffinity Labeling Via Nitrenium Ion Chemistry: Protonation Of The Nitrene Derived From 4-Amino-3-Nitrophenyl Azide To Afford Reactive Nitrenium Ion Pairs, Valentyna Voskresenska, R. Marshall Wilson, Maxim Panov, Alexander N. Tarnovsky, Jeanette A. Krause, Shubham Vyas, Arthur Winter, Christopher M. Hadad

Arthur Winter

Phenyl azides with powerful electron-donating substituents are known to deviate from the usual photochemical behavior of other phenyl azides. They do not undergo ring expansion but form basic nitrenes that protonate to form nitrenium ions. The photochemistry of the widely used photoaffinity labeling system 4-amino-3-nitrophenyl azide, 5, has been studied by transient absorption spectroscopy from femtosecond to microsecond time domains and from a theoretical perspective. The nitrene generation from azide 5 occurs on the S2 surface, in violation of Kasha’s rule. The resulting nitrene is a powerful base and abstracts protons extremely rapidly from a variety of sources to form …

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Basins Of Attraction Of Tapping Mode Atomic Force Microscopy With Capillary Force Interactions, Nicole N. Hashemi, Reza Montazami Jan 2009

Basins Of Attraction Of Tapping Mode Atomic Force Microscopy With Capillary Force Interactions, Nicole N. Hashemi, Reza Montazami

Nastaran Hashemi

We perform a large number of simulations over a wide range of system parameters to approximate the basins of attraction of steady oscillating solutions. We find that the basins of attraction vary as a function of system parameters and initial conditions. For large equilibrium separations, the basin of attraction is dominated by the low-amplitude solution. The location of the fixed point is shifted toward the higher values of instantaneous displacement and velocity for larger equilibrium separations. We show that the basin of attraction in the neighborhood of the fixed point is dominated by low-amplitude solutions as relative humidity is increased.

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Microfabrication Of Homogenous, Asymmetric Cell-Laden Hydrogel Capsules, Qiaobing Xu, Tram T. Dang, Kaitlin M. Bratlie, Ivy Chen, Robert Langer, Daniel G. Anderson Jan 2009

Microfabrication Of Homogenous, Asymmetric Cell-Laden Hydrogel Capsules, Qiaobing Xu, Tram T. Dang, Kaitlin M. Bratlie, Ivy Chen, Robert Langer, Daniel G. Anderson

Kaitlin M. Bratlie

Cell encapsulation has been broadly investigated as a technology to provide immunoprotection for transplanted endocrine cells. Here we develop a new fabrication method that allows for rapid, homogenous microencapsulation of insulin-secreting cells with varying microscale geometries and asymmetrically modified surfaces. Micromolding systems were developed using polypropylene mesh, and the material/surface properties associated with efficient encapsulation were identified. Cells encapsulated using these methods maintain desirable viability and preserve their ability to proliferate and secrete insulin in a glucose-responsive manner. This new cell encapsulation approach enables a practical route to an inexpensive and convenient process for the generation of cell-laden microcapsules without …

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Understanding The Dielectric Properties Of Heat-Treated Carbon Nanofibers At Terahertz Frequencies: A New Perspective On The Catalytic Activity Of Structured Carbonaceous Materials, Edward P.J. Parrott, J. Axel Zeitler, James Mcgregor, Shu-Pei Oei, Husnu Emrah Unalan, Swee-Ching Tan, William I. Milne, Jean-Philippe Tessonnier, Robert Schlogl, Lynn F. Gladden Jan 2009

Understanding The Dielectric Properties Of Heat-Treated Carbon Nanofibers At Terahertz Frequencies: A New Perspective On The Catalytic Activity Of Structured Carbonaceous Materials, Edward P.J. Parrott, J. Axel Zeitler, James Mcgregor, Shu-Pei Oei, Husnu Emrah Unalan, Swee-Ching Tan, William I. Milne, Jean-Philippe Tessonnier, Robert Schlogl, Lynn F. Gladden

Jean-Philippe Tessonnier

Terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) has been used to study the electrical and optical properties of a series of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) that have undergone different heat treatments. The high-temperature heat-treated (HHT) sample displayed increased absorption and real refractive indices across the range 0.3-3.5 THz when compared to the low-temperature heat-treated (LHT) and pyrolitically stripped (PS) samples. The experimental results were fitted by using a Drude-Lorentz model and an effective medium approximation to yield the electrical parameters of the sample such as the plasma frequency, phonon mode frequency, and oscillator strength. These parameters were used to rationalize the differences as …

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Self-Organized Ultrathin Oxide Nanocrystals, Ziyang Huo, Chia-Kuang Tsung, Wenyu Huang, Melissa Fardy, Ruoxue Yan, Xiaofeng Zhang, Yandong Li, Peidong Yang Jan 2009

Self-Organized Ultrathin Oxide Nanocrystals, Ziyang Huo, Chia-Kuang Tsung, Wenyu Huang, Melissa Fardy, Ruoxue Yan, Xiaofeng Zhang, Yandong Li, Peidong Yang

Wenyu Huang

Sub-2-nm (down to one-unit cell) uniform oxide nanocrystals and highly ordered superstructures were obtained in one step using oleylamine and oleic acid as capping and structure directing agents. The cooperative nature of the nanocrystal growth and assembly resulted in mesoscopic one-dimensional ribbon-like superstructures made of these ultrathin nanocrystals. The process reported here is general and can be readily extended to the production of many other transition metal (TiO2, ZnO, Nb2O5) and rare earth oxide (Eu2O3, Sm2O3, Er2O3, Y2O3, Tb2O3, and Yb2O3) systems.

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Generalized Form Of Anhysteretic Magnetization Function For Jiles–Atherton Theory Of Hysteresis, A. Raghunathan, Y. Melikhov, J. E. Snyder, David C. Jiles Jan 2009

Generalized Form Of Anhysteretic Magnetization Function For Jiles–Atherton Theory Of Hysteresis, A. Raghunathan, Y. Melikhov, J. E. Snyder, David C. Jiles

David C. Jiles

A generalized form of anhysteretic magnetization function to extend Jiles–Atherton theory to different forms of anisotropy has been derived. The general equation for the function has been compared with those of calculations made on the basis of known equations for specific cases: axially anisotropic (one-dimensional), planar anisotropic (two-dimensional), and isotropic (three-dimensional). The Jiles–Atherton model using the proposed functional form of generalized anhysteretic magnetization function for anisotropy dependence has been validated and the necessary equations derived. It has been shown in this work that this functional form of anhysteretic magnetization with necessary boundary conditions can be reduced to the familiar specific …

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A New Class Of Double Alkyl-Substituted, Liquid Crystalline Imidazolium Ionic Liquids—A Unique Combination Of Structural Features, Viscosity Effects, And Thermal Properties, Xinjiao Wang, Frank W. Heinemann, Mei Yang, Berthold U. Melcher, Melinda Fekete, Anja V. Mudring, Peter Wasserscheid, Karsten Meyer Jan 2009

A New Class Of Double Alkyl-Substituted, Liquid Crystalline Imidazolium Ionic Liquids—A Unique Combination Of Structural Features, Viscosity Effects, And Thermal Properties, Xinjiao Wang, Frank W. Heinemann, Mei Yang, Berthold U. Melcher, Melinda Fekete, Anja V. Mudring, Peter Wasserscheid, Karsten Meyer

Anja V. Mudring

1,3-Didodecylimidazolium salts have been prepared as first representatives of a new class of ionic liquid crystals (ILCs), showing thermotropic liquid crystalline behaviour in an extended temperature range below 70 °C. Remarkably strong non-Newtonian viscosity behaviour was found for the liquid-crystalline state of these ILCs.

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Field Induced Structural Phase Transition At Temperatures Above The Curie Point In Gd5(Sixge1−X)4, Ravi L. Hadimani, Y. Melikhov, J. E. Snyder, David C. Jiles Jan 2009

Field Induced Structural Phase Transition At Temperatures Above The Curie Point In Gd5(Sixge1−X)4, Ravi L. Hadimani, Y. Melikhov, J. E. Snyder, David C. Jiles

David C. Jiles

Gd5(SixGe1−x)4 exhibits a field induced first order phase transition from a monoclinic paramagnetic to an orthorhombic ferromagnetic at temperatures above its Curie temperature for 0.41≤x≤0.51. The field required to induce the transition increases with temperature. This field induced first order phase transition was observed even above the projected second order phase transitiontemperature of the orthorhombic phase. This may be due to the fact that the applied magnetic field is so high that it causes the broadening to a wider range of higher temperatures of the second order phase transition of the orthorhombic phase, and at such high magnetic fields the …

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Temperature Dependence Of Magnetic Anisotropy Of Germanium/Cobalt Cosubstituted Cobalt Ferrite, N. Ranvah, Y. Melikhov, Ikenna C. Nlebedim, David C. Jiles, J. E. Snyder, A. J. Moses, P. I. Williams Jan 2009

Temperature Dependence Of Magnetic Anisotropy Of Germanium/Cobalt Cosubstituted Cobalt Ferrite, N. Ranvah, Y. Melikhov, Ikenna C. Nlebedim, David C. Jiles, J. E. Snyder, A. J. Moses, P. I. Williams

David C. Jiles

The variations in magnetization and magnetic anisotropy of Ge4+/Co2+ cosubstituted cobaltferrite with temperature were investigated for a series of compositions Co1+xGexFe2−2xO4 (0≤x≤0.4). The magnetization at 5 T and low temperature were observed to increase for all Ge/Co cosubstituted samples compared to pure CoFe2O4. Hysteresis loops were measured for each sample over the magnetic field range of −5 T to +5 T for temperatures in the range of 10–400 K. The high field regions of these loops were modeled using Law of Approach to saturation, which represents the rotational and forced magnetization processes. The first order cubic magnetocrystalline anisotropy coefficient K1 …

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Effects Of Ingredients And Extrusion Parameters On Properties Of Aquafeeds Containing Ddgs And Corn Starch, Kurt A. Rosentrater, Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan, S. Kannadhason Jan 2009

Effects Of Ingredients And Extrusion Parameters On Properties Of Aquafeeds Containing Ddgs And Corn Starch, Kurt A. Rosentrater, Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan, S. Kannadhason

Kurt A. Rosentrater

Isocaloric (3.05 kcal g-1) ingredient blends were factorially formulated using 3 levels each of DDGS (20, 25 and 30% db), protein (30, 32.5 and 35% db) and feed moisture content (25, 35 and 45% db), along with appropriate quantities of corn starch, soybean meal, fish meal, whey, vitamin and mineral mix to produce a balanced diet for tilapia feed. The ingredient blends were extruded using a laboratory-scale single screw extruder with varying screw speeds (100, 150 and 200 rpm) and extruder barrel temperatures (100, 125 and 150°C). The resulting extrudates were subjected to extensive analyses of physical properties, which included …

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Performance Characteristics Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fed Diets Containing Graded Levels Of Fuel-Based Distillers Dried Grains With Solubles, Travis W. Schaeffer, Michael L. Brown, Kurt A. Rosentrater Jan 2009

Performance Characteristics Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fed Diets Containing Graded Levels Of Fuel-Based Distillers Dried Grains With Solubles, Travis W. Schaeffer, Michael L. Brown, Kurt A. Rosentrater

Kurt A. Rosentrater

A feeding trial was performed to investigate levels of corn-based Distillers Dried Grains with solubles (DDGS), a co-product of fuel ethanol manufacturing, used as a nutrient source for juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Three isocaloric (15.7±0.7 MJ kg-1 dry matter), isonitrogenous (29.6±1.0% crude protein) experimental diets were formulated to contain 20, 30 and 40% DDGS; a commercial diet containing fishmeal was used as a reference diet. Glass aquaria (110 L) were stocked with Nile tilapia (mean weight = 6.7 g) with four replicates per diet. Weight gains, conversion ratios and hepatosomatic indices did not significantly differ between fish fed 20% …

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Effects Of Ingredients And Extrusion Parameters On Aquafeeds Containing Ddgs And Tapioca Starch, S. Kannadhason, Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan, Kurt A. Rosentrater Jan 2009

Effects Of Ingredients And Extrusion Parameters On Aquafeeds Containing Ddgs And Tapioca Starch, S. Kannadhason, Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan, Kurt A. Rosentrater

Kurt A. Rosentrater

Isocaloric (3.05 kcal g-1) ingredient blends were factorially formulated using three levels each of DDGS (20, 25 and 30% db), protein (30, 32.5 and 35% db) and feed moisture content (25, 35 and 45% db), along with appropriate quantities of tapioca starch, soybean meal, fish meal, whey, vitamin and mineral mix to produce a balanced diet for tilapia feed. The ingredient blends were extruded using a laboratory-scale single screw extruder with varying screw speeds (100, 150 and 200 rpm) and extruder barrel temperatures (100, 125 and 150°C). The resulting extrudates were subjected to extensive analyses of physical properties, which included …

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Quantifying Total And Sustainable Agricultural Biomass Resources In South Dakota—A Preliminary Assessment, Kurt A. Rosentrater, Dennis Todey, Russell Persyn Jan 2009

Quantifying Total And Sustainable Agricultural Biomass Resources In South Dakota—A Preliminary Assessment, Kurt A. Rosentrater, Dennis Todey, Russell Persyn

Kurt A. Rosentrater

Conversion of biomass is considered the next major advance in biorenewable fuels, energy, and products. Wholesale conversion to biomass utilization could result in removal of current crop residues from agricultural fields (on prime agricultural lands) or even implementation of different crops and cropping strategies (i.e., switchgrass on marginal lands). To date, the driver for biomass processing has been economics and limitations on the conversion of the lignocellulose. Over the last forty years significant investments and resultant changes in management practices in the agricultural sector have focused on soil and water conservation. One of the major efforts has focused on conservation-till …

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Properties Of Solvent Extracted Low-Oil Corn Distillers Dried Grains With Solubles, Kurt A. Rosentrater, Jennifer A. Saunders Jan 2009

Properties Of Solvent Extracted Low-Oil Corn Distillers Dried Grains With Solubles, Kurt A. Rosentrater, Jennifer A. Saunders

Kurt A. Rosentrater

Corn-based ethanol is exponentially growing in the US, as is the need for valuable uses for coproducts of the production process, such as distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). Currently, DDGS is used as livestock feed, thereby replacing some corn components in animal diets. As the industry continues to grow, there will be an increased need to find additional uses for DDGS. Physical and chemical properties of coproduct streams are becoming increasingly investigated, as these characteristics affect many aspects of utilization, such as target species, optimal dietary substitution rates, transportation, flowability, and behavior during storage. Potential avenues for future use …

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Effects Of Ingredients And Extrusion Parameters On Aquafeeds Containing Ddgs And Potato Starch, Kurt A. Rosentrater, Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan, S. Kannadhason Jan 2009

Effects Of Ingredients And Extrusion Parameters On Aquafeeds Containing Ddgs And Potato Starch, Kurt A. Rosentrater, Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan, S. Kannadhason

Kurt A. Rosentrater

Isocaloric (3.05 kcal g-1) ingredient blends were factorially formulated using three levels each of DDGS (20, 25 and 30% db), protein (30, 32.5 and 35% db) and feed moisture content (25, 35 and 45% db), along with appropriate quantities of potato starch, soybean meal, fish meal, whey, vitamin and mineral mix to produce a balanced diet for tilapia feed. The ingredient blends were extruded using a laboratory-scale single screw extruder with varying screw speeds (100, 150 and 200 rpm) and extruder barrel temperatures (100, 125 and 150°C). The resulting extrudates were subjected to extensive analyses of physical properties, which included …

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