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Articles 1 - 30 of 112
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The Role Of Ceruloplasmin In Colitis, Bakytzhan Bakhautdin
The Role Of Ceruloplasmin In Colitis, Bakytzhan Bakhautdin
ETD Archive
Ceruloplasmin (Cp) is an acute phase, plasma protein with multiple enzymatic activities consistent with both pro- and anti-inflammatory functions. Our laboratory has recently reported the presence of Cp in intestinal epithelial cells. To determine the potential role of Cp in intestinal inflammation, we induced colitis in Cp-deficient mice by continuous administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) ad libitum in the drinking water. The Cp-null mice rapidly lost weight and all were moribund by day 14, while about 90 of the wild-type (WT) mice survived at least 20 days. Higher amounts of TNF-alpha, and neutrophil (KC) and macrophage (MCP-1) chemokines, were …
Design, Development And Biomechanical Analysis Of Scaffolds For Augmentation Of Rotator Cuff Repairs, Amit Aurora
Design, Development And Biomechanical Analysis Of Scaffolds For Augmentation Of Rotator Cuff Repairs, Amit Aurora
ETD Archive
Rotator cuff tears are a source of debilitating pain that commonly affects more than 40 of our aging population. Despite advances in surgical treatment, the failure rate of rotator cuff repairs is as high as 20-90 . Extracellular matrix (ECM) derived scaffolds have recently been investigated as augmentation devices for rotator cuff repairs, but none has yet demonstrated both the appropriate biological and mechanical properties for mitigating re-tears and enhancing healing. This dissertation proposes to engineer the mechanical properties of allograft fascia lata in a manner that will allow its use as an augmentation device for rotator cuff repairs. This …
An Empirical Investigation Of The Role Of "Ownership" In Creating Sustained School Reform, Sharon A. Brown
An Empirical Investigation Of The Role Of "Ownership" In Creating Sustained School Reform, Sharon A. Brown
ETD Archive
School reform policies have failed to produce sustained positive changes in education practice. Theories of school change provide structure to reform policy. Program evaluations focus on implementation and outcomes but seldom test the theoretical assumptions of the initiative. This study tested theory, specifically the influence of "ownership", against the experience of Reading First Ohio. This literacy program was implemented in elementary schools in low performing and very low socio-economic status urban and rural public districts in Ohio from 2003-2009. Archival data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The analysis confirmed that the constructs of leadership and classroom change are mutually …
Genetics And Genomics Of Complex Diseases;Mouse Atherosclerosis Modifier Genes And Human Gene Expression After Bariatric Surgery, Stela Z. Berisha
Genetics And Genomics Of Complex Diseases;Mouse Atherosclerosis Modifier Genes And Human Gene Expression After Bariatric Surgery, Stela Z. Berisha
ETD Archive
The overall goal of our research was to study and identify genes involved in the development of complex diseases in mice and humans through integrative genetic/genomic approaches. Two complex diseases were the focus of research, atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes. Mouse models of atherosclerosis, in which the genetic background and the environment can be controlled for, were used to identify and validate atherosclerosis modifier genes. We studied an atherosclerosis quantitative trait locus (QTL) on the distal end of chromosome 5, called Ath24, and generated interval-specific congenic mice on the atherosclerosis resistant AKR and susceptible DBA/2 apoE-deficient strains. To date we …
The Influence Of Training And Gender In Mentoring On Novice School Administrators, Kimberly S. Benetto
The Influence Of Training And Gender In Mentoring On Novice School Administrators, Kimberly S. Benetto
ETD Archive
The role of the principal, as an instructional leader is one of the most important roles in education today. The demands of high accountability that are placed on school principals have caused legislators and educational reformers to require more rigorous training for school leaders. Many states now have mandated state mentoring programs for entry year principals. The purpose of this study was to examine and describe the roles and relationships between mentors and their mentees in the training and professional development of school administrators. This research was important because mentoring programs are not standardized and until recently, the majority of …
Design, Synthesis And Characterization Of Oriented Glyco-Affinity Macroligands For Glyco-Capturing, Glycomics And Glycoproteomics Applications, Srinivas Chalagalla
Design, Synthesis And Characterization Of Oriented Glyco-Affinity Macroligands For Glyco-Capturing, Glycomics And Glycoproteomics Applications, Srinivas Chalagalla
ETD Archive
Cell surface carbohydrates existing as parts of glycoproteins, glycolipids, and other conjugates present the first information about cell to the outside world and are intimately involved in various biological events such as intercellular communication, and molecular and cellular targeting. However, mechanisms of most processes at the molecular level are still unclear. Therefore, it is very important to develop carbohydrate-specific binding molecules for rapid, efficient, sensitive purification and accurate analysis of complex carbohydrate structures as well as their functions. Furthermore, carbohydrate-specific binding molecules can be expected to be used in medical diagnostic applications for carbohydrate biomarkers. In this thesis study, oriented …
A Major Study Of American (Ford) Compared With Japanese (Honda) Automotive Industry: Their Strategies Affecting Surviabilty, Patrick F. Callihan
A Major Study Of American (Ford) Compared With Japanese (Honda) Automotive Industry: Their Strategies Affecting Surviabilty, Patrick F. Callihan
ETD Archive
Understanding the role of technology, in the automotive industry, is necessary for the development, implementation, service and disposal of such technology, from a complete integrated system life cycle approach, to assure long-term success. This dissertation provides a unique complete characterization of the system life (cycle) business major cost elements of the automotive industry the subsystems, cost elements, interplay and interdependencies that affect the total real life cycle cost and value the various stated product, organizational, and process initiatives intended to produce significant improvements in the American automobile industry, as compared to the Japanese. This dissertation adds a perspective, understanding, and …
Adaptive Reuse Of Religious Buildings In The U.S.: Determinants Of Project Outcomes And The Role Of Tax Credits, Eugene Choi
Adaptive Reuse Of Religious Buildings In The U.S.: Determinants Of Project Outcomes And The Role Of Tax Credits, Eugene Choi
ETD Archive
Adaptive reuse of historic buildings generates many tangible and intangible benefits. These benefits are not limited to the initiator (usually the developer) but are expanded to the community and the local government. This dissertation empirically investigates the role of tax credits in initiators' decisions to reuse religious buildings and their choice of reuse project outcomes, including the federal historic preservation tax credit, the low income housing tax credit, and the new market tax credit. Theses tax credits are the most commonly used tax credits in historic preservation projects. In addition, this dissertation also tests whether or not religious buildings were …
Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (Tgfβ)-Mediated Post-Transcriptional Regulation Of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transdifferentiation (Emt), Arindam Chaudhury
Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (Tgfβ)-Mediated Post-Transcriptional Regulation Of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transdifferentiation (Emt), Arindam Chaudhury
ETD Archive
TGF├ƒ induces epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation (EMT) accompanied by cellular differentiation and migration, a process fundamental during embryonic development and one that is reactivated in a variety of diseases including fibrosis and cancer. Despite extensive transcriptomic profiling, identification of TGF├ƒ-inducible, EMT-specific genes has met with limited success. Here, we report a novel post-transcriptional pathway by which TGF├ƒ modulates expression of EMT-specific proteins and EMT itself. We show that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1 (hnRNP E1) binds a structural, 33 nucleotides (nt) TGF-beta-activated translation (BAT) element in the 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) of disabled-2 (Dab2) and interleukin-like EMT inducer (ILEI) transcripts, and repress their translation. …
Teacher Goal Endorsement, Student Achievement Goals, And Student Achievement In Mathematics;A Longitudinal Study, Matthew D. Deevers
Teacher Goal Endorsement, Student Achievement Goals, And Student Achievement In Mathematics;A Longitudinal Study, Matthew D. Deevers
ETD Archive
This study investigated relationships among teacher practices, student motivation and student achievement on standardized mathematics assessments using an Achievement Goal Theory framework. From 2006 through 2009, 800 public school students participated in mathematics assessments and completed surveys measuring perceptions of teacher practices and student achievement goal orientations. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was used to assess relationships among teacher goal endorsement practices, student goal orientations, and student mathematics achievement. Findings indicated teacher mastery goal endorsement was positively related to student mastery and performance-approach orientations, and negatively related to student performance-avoidance orientation. Performance goal endorsement was positively related to student performance-approach and …
Application Of Multiple Intelligence Theory To An E-Learning Technology Acceptance Model, Alfred J. Degennaro
Application Of Multiple Intelligence Theory To An E-Learning Technology Acceptance Model, Alfred J. Degennaro
ETD Archive
With the speed of doing business on the rise, employees must learn to adapt to new technologies and improved performance expectations without losing productivity or time on task. Students looking to enter the workforce must understand that education does not end with graduation rather the expectation is that everyone will be life long learners. To meet the challenge, education providers are looking for alternative ways to bring education to the student and enhance the learning experience. With e-learning, students enjoy flexible scheduling, businesses can realize improvements in workforce skills while reducing education expenditures (i.e. improved Return On Investment, ROI) and …
Exploring Success In Tutoring The Non-Native English Speaker At University Writing Centers, Elise Joy Geither
Exploring Success In Tutoring The Non-Native English Speaker At University Writing Centers, Elise Joy Geither
ETD Archive
This study examined the perspectives of both tutors at university writing centers and the Non-Native English Speaking (NNES) students who use the centers. Using qualitative methods, this study looked at perceptions of the academic writing needs of the NNES students, along with characteristics of tutoring sessions which made the sessions successful in the eyes of tutors and students. The study used interviews, observations, a survey, and artifacts to look at these topics and then compared the perceptions of tutors and students. Additionally, the study compared writing centers at two universities, one of which employs an English as a Second Language …
Successful European American Teachers Of African American Students In Urban High Schools;An Ethnographic Study Of Teachers' Journeys To Success, Thomas D. Griffin
Successful European American Teachers Of African American Students In Urban High Schools;An Ethnographic Study Of Teachers' Journeys To Success, Thomas D. Griffin
ETD Archive
This qualitative research study describes how one person, a successful European American teacher of African American students in an urban high school, can have a major impact on the educational outcomes of his students. Using ethnographic methodologies, the researcher conducted observations and interviews with successful teachers. The construction of ideas and patterns, which teachers have formed from their own experiences in successfully working with African American students, were brought to light. Personal characteristics identified in the study included items such as having high expectations, building relationships, caring about students and possessing a sense of humor. In addition, the beliefs that …
The Role Of Sigirr In Innate And Adaptive Immunity, Muhammet Fatih Gulen
The Role Of Sigirr In Innate And Adaptive Immunity, Muhammet Fatih Gulen
ETD Archive
Single immunoglobulin IL-1R-related receptor (SIGIRR) is a transmembrane protein, which belongs to interleukin 1 receptor (IL-1R)/Toll like receptor (TLR) superfamily (Toll-IL-1R superfamily). SIGIRR has been identified as a negative modulator for IL-1R/TLR signaling. Recently, detailed structural and functional analysis of SIGIRR has been published, however physiological function of SIGIRR has not been studied. To asses the physiological function of SIGIRR, the expression of SIGIRR mRNA in different mouse tissues was analyzed. Although SIGIRR is expressed in many tissues, its expression in different cell types was more restricted, with extremely high expression in primary kidney, colon epithelial cells and T cells, …
Bibliotherapy Intervention Exposure And Level Of Emotional Awareness Among Students With Emotional And Behavioral Disorders, Elaine Harper
Bibliotherapy Intervention Exposure And Level Of Emotional Awareness Among Students With Emotional And Behavioral Disorders, Elaine Harper
ETD Archive
Educators and mental health professionals search for interventions to help students with emotional and behavioral problems. Bibliotherapy, the therapeutic use of literature, has been a widely used yet sparsely researched intervention. Research regarding bibliotherapy and students' emotional awareness is absent. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among bibliotherapy intervention exposure, level of emotional awareness, and characteristics of students with emotional and behavioral disorders. Archival data sets from 182 students ages 6 - 13 in day treatment were analyzed in this study. One archival data set was scores from the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale for Children …
Idea Early Intervening Services Policy Implementation In Six School Districts;Reducing Overidentification And Disproportionality, James E. Harvey
Idea Early Intervening Services Policy Implementation In Six School Districts;Reducing Overidentification And Disproportionality, James E. Harvey
ETD Archive
The Individual with Disability Educational Improvement Act (IDEA-2004) (P.L. 108-446) includes a policy called Early Intervening Services (EIS) which makes it permissible, but not mandatory, for a school district to use 15 percent of their IDEA Part B funds to provide services to non-disabled at risk students. However, a school district cited for disproportionality because of an overrepresentation of racial or ethnic minorities or second language learners receiving special education services or disciplinary action is required to use 15 percent of their special education funding to address these issues. The purpose of this study was to obtain knowledge on the …
Interactions Among Top-Down Regulators In A Temperate Forest Floor Ecosystem;Effects On Macrofauna, Mesofauna, Microbes And Litter Decay, Cari-Ann M. Hickerson
Interactions Among Top-Down Regulators In A Temperate Forest Floor Ecosystem;Effects On Macrofauna, Mesofauna, Microbes And Litter Decay, Cari-Ann M. Hickerson
ETD Archive
High species diversity and complexity of forest-floor food webs present a challenge for understanding the role of species interactions (e.g. competition and predation) as regulatory mechanisms for ecosystem processes such as decomposition and nutrient cycling. In particular, we understand very little about the roles of forest-floor predators in regulating diversity and abundance of lower trophic levels and ecosystem processes. However, ecological theory and several studies suggest that interactions among intraguild predators (IGP) may be important controls of diversity and abundance of organisms and detritus in lower trophic levels within food webs. A key prediction is that interactions among predators weaken …
Urban College Graduates;Their Investments In And Returns For Strong Quantitative Skills, Social Capital Skills, And Soft Skills, Marie Ellen Haynes
Urban College Graduates;Their Investments In And Returns For Strong Quantitative Skills, Social Capital Skills, And Soft Skills, Marie Ellen Haynes
ETD Archive
This case study examined strong quantitative skills, social capital skills, and soft skills of urban college graduates using data from the Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality Household Survey. The urban college graduates lived in Atlanta, Boston, or Los Angeles and had bachelor's, master's, PhD, and professional degrees. Among the three skills only strong quantitative skills was found to be associated with positive and significant returns. Those returns did not emerge because strong quantitative skills were used as a proxy for the ability to perform jobs that require frequent use of mathematics and frequent use of computers. Instead, strong quantitative skills …
Faculty And Students' Perceptions Of Cheating Behavior;A Journey Into Moral Development, Vic D. Higgins
Faculty And Students' Perceptions Of Cheating Behavior;A Journey Into Moral Development, Vic D. Higgins
ETD Archive
Research has shown that academic misconduct is an issue of concern in most subject areas across both secondary and post-secondary education. However, variation in both investigators' research interests and definitions of the behaviors being investigated leave many unanswered questions regarding the seriousness and nature of the problem, as well as how educators and their students perceive these behaviors. Although comprehensive data have been collected and continue to inform the field, most major studies of academic dishonesty have assigned what is referred to in the research as "cheating behaviors" based on the researchers' experiences with cheating or the definitions used in …
Information Disclosure And Banking Sector Performance And Stability, Perihan Iren
Information Disclosure And Banking Sector Performance And Stability, Perihan Iren
ETD Archive
Over the last decade, financial and capital markets have grown very rapidly and the markets have become more complex as a result of increased used of derivative securities. The recent subprime crisis has intensified the debate regarding the need for greater transparency. The purpose of this study is to contribute to this debate by examining the relationship between the quantity and quality of information disclosure regarding a bank's securitization and credit derivative activities and the subsequent impact on bank performance and stability. The results show a significant relationship between the quality/quantity of disclosure and bank performance/stability. When information on securitization …
Effects Of Forest Edges, Exotic Ants And Nonnative Plants On Local Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Diversity In Urban Forest Fragments Of Northeastern Ohio, Kaloyan Ivanov
ETD Archive
Urbanization has resulted in massive transformation of natural habitats with profound effects on biodiversity. Addressing the problems associated with anthropogenic deterioration of the environment requires solid understanding of the factors driving these changes. Habitat patch size, edge effects, and the presence of invasive species are among the key features of the urban landscape affecting local communities. My study focused on the effects of habitat edges, the exotic ant Nylanderia flavipes, and the invasive herb garlic mustard on local ant diversity in deciduous forest fragments of northeastern Ohio. In addition, I explored the value of common ant collecting techniques for estimating …
A Computational Study For The Utilization Of Jet Pulsations In Gas Turbine Film Cooling And Flow Control, Olga V. Kartuzova
A Computational Study For The Utilization Of Jet Pulsations In Gas Turbine Film Cooling And Flow Control, Olga V. Kartuzova
ETD Archive
Jets have been utilized in various turbomachinery applications in order to improve gas turbines performance. Jet pulsation is a promising technique because of the reduction in the amount of air removed from compressor, which helps to increase turbine efficiency. In this work two areas of pulsed jets applications were investigated, first one is film cooling of High Pressure Turbine (HPT) blades and second one is flow separation control over Low Pressure Turbine (LPT) airfoil using Vortex Generator Jets (VGJ) The inlet temperature to the HPT significantly affects the performance of the gas turbine. Film cooling is one of the most …
Business Intelligence And Learning, Drivers Of Quality And Competitive Performance, Joseph M. Woodside
Business Intelligence And Learning, Drivers Of Quality And Competitive Performance, Joseph M. Woodside
ETD Archive
Purpose: As healthcare organizations expand the scope of their operations with an eye towards cost reductions, quality improvements, sustainability, increased stakeholder satisfaction and increased performance, they are increasingly investing significant resources into information systems in general and Business Intelligence Systems (BIS) in particular to provide the necessary operational and decision support information. This paper seeks to model the relationships between BIS, learning, quality organization and competitive performance, as well as measure the influence BIS has on end-user perceptions of quality and competitive performance from a learning point of view. Methods: Qualitative and quantitative methods including survey, interview, and case study …
Developing A Protocol For An Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Plus (Epp+) Program At Nasa Glenn Research Center, Amarin Kongtawelert
Developing A Protocol For An Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Plus (Epp+) Program At Nasa Glenn Research Center, Amarin Kongtawelert
ETD Archive
EPP+ or Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Plus is a Environmentally Preferable Purchasing program with incorporated a unique Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) scoring system which implemented at NASA, Glenn Research Center. A protocol has been developed to aid in selecting among products based on principles of Environmentally Preferable Purchasing (EPP) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The protocol has been developed for use at NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) but is intended to benefit anyone wishing to make sustainable purchasing decision. The protocol was designed as a web-based application which evaluates the life cycle factors, affirmative procurements, price, and performance of products that …
Surface Microtopography Modulation Of Biomaterials For Bone Tissue Engineering Applications, Eun Jung Kim
Surface Microtopography Modulation Of Biomaterials For Bone Tissue Engineering Applications, Eun Jung Kim
ETD Archive
The ultimate goal of this project is to develop a biodegradable and implantable scaffold with precise surface topographies that can provide osteoconductive stimuli to connective tissue progenitor cells (CTPs), and subsequently, enhance bone regeneration applications without the complications of autogenous cancellous bone grafts. This dissertation presents the modification of surface microtextures to provide osteoconductive stimuli to CTPs for bone regeneration applications. First, the effect of surface topography on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation was validated through experiments using surface post microtextures and CTPs. Post microtextures accelerated CTP growth behaviors compared to smooth polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and standard cell culture dishes. Second, …
The Association Of Spatial Accessibility To Health Care Services With Health Utilization And Health Status Among People With Disabilities, Hsin-Chung Liao
The Association Of Spatial Accessibility To Health Care Services With Health Utilization And Health Status Among People With Disabilities, Hsin-Chung Liao
ETD Archive
The purpose of this cross-sectional analysis was to determine the importance of spatial accessibility to health care services utilization and to the health status of persons with disabilities. This study utilizes two datasets (Survey of Access to Outpatient Medical Service in the Rural Southeast and Ohio Family Health Survey) to analyze. ArcGIS 9.2 was use to measure spatial accessibility to health care services. Bivariate analysis for health services utilization and health status included t-tests, and Chi-square, as appropriate for the level of measurement. Logistic regression models identified for the three outcomes (health care visit, regular check up visit, and perceived …
Teacher Mathematics Learning And Middle School Student Achievement, Sally Marie Mascia
Teacher Mathematics Learning And Middle School Student Achievement, Sally Marie Mascia
ETD Archive
United States policymakers have taken measures to improve learning for all students emphasizing the use of scientifically based research in choosing educational programs to promote school improvement and student learning. However, educators, researchers and policymakers debate about which factors are most important in affecting student achievement. The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) places major emphasis upon teacher quality as a factor in improving achievement for all students. This emphasis grows out of research showing that teachers' mastery of the academic content they teach is critical to engaging students and is a significant factor in raising levels of …
Dna Mutation/Methylation Screening Method For Colon Cancer Screening, Wei Meng
Dna Mutation/Methylation Screening Method For Colon Cancer Screening, Wei Meng
ETD Archive
Cancer is a result of unregulated cell growth. For all types of cancer currently studied, the transition from a healthy cell to a malignant tumor cell is a step-by-step process which requires mutation in at least several oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes together. Another cancer early event is DNA methylation. Cancer-related DNA methylation focuses on promoter hypermethylation of the certain genes. The DNA mutation and methylation profile can serve as biomarkers for diagnosing early stage of cancer. Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer type in the United States and has been well studied. The essential mechanism of cancer …
A Qualitative Analysis Of Learning And Leadership Development Of Universal Primary Education Teachers And The Resulting Impact On The Tanzanian Education System, Mary Auxilia Mtuy
A Qualitative Analysis Of Learning And Leadership Development Of Universal Primary Education Teachers And The Resulting Impact On The Tanzanian Education System, Mary Auxilia Mtuy
ETD Archive
This study investigates Learning and Leadership Development (LLD) activities of Universal Primary Education (UPE) teachers in Tanzania. The primary research was centered on how the UPE teacher recruitment and training program within the Kilimanjaro region has impacted the rest of the educational system in Tanzania by looking at how the professional development that UPE teachers receive impacts their transformation and identity as professionals. The study utilizes a qualitative method of inquiry with critical interpretation. The first step in utilizing the chosen method was to review the literature and design the focus group, as well as the survey. The focus group …
An Empirical Validation Of Guskey's Professional Development Evaluation Model Using Six Years Of Student And Teacher Level Reading Data, David O. Newman
An Empirical Validation Of Guskey's Professional Development Evaluation Model Using Six Years Of Student And Teacher Level Reading Data, David O. Newman
ETD Archive
In this era of high-stakes testing and tight funding there is unprecedented interest in and a requirement for accountability in the field of education. Virtually all funded projects are required to have an evaluation component designed to determine if project goals have been met. Positive outcomes are often the basis for continued funding and implementation. School systems also depend heavily on well-designed evaluations to assess the quality and impact of the professional development they offer to bring about change in teacher practice, in their effort to implement reform, and to demonstrate accountability to their stakeholders. The need to provide and …