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Claremont Colleges

2022

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Lessons Learned From The Disorder Of Operations, Egan J. Chernoff Jan 2022

Lessons Learned From The Disorder Of Operations, Egan J. Chernoff

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

The purpose of this article, in general, is to explore certain possible outcomes associated with an underaged gambler attempting to collect his rightful winnings. More specifically, this article is a thought experiment investigating the union of (1) skill testing questions, (2) the equation that recently broke/divided the internet, and (3) how different outcomes render different elements of the thought experiment moot. For example, when the final arbiter has total dominion over a particular outcome, the mathematics of a skill testing question is rendered moot. The article concludes with a discussion revealing how disorder of operations could be considered the teaching …

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A Note On A Mathematician-Cyclist: Anna Kiesenhofer, Man Keung Siu Jan 2022

A Note On A Mathematician-Cyclist: Anna Kiesenhofer, Man Keung Siu

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

This short note offers some reflections on the teaching and learning of mathematics inspired by the news about a feat accomplished by the Austrian mathematician-cyclist Anna Kiesenhofer in the Summer Olympic Games held in Tokyo in 2021.

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In Search Of Star Clusters: An Introduction To The K-Means Algorithm, Marcio Nascimento Jan 2022

In Search Of Star Clusters: An Introduction To The K-Means Algorithm, Marcio Nascimento

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

This article is a gentle introduction to K-means, a mathematical technique of processing data for further classification. We begin with a brief historical introduction, where we find connections with Plato’s Timæus, von Linné’s binomial classification, and the star clustering concept of Mary Sommerville and collaborators. Artificial intelligence algorithms use K-means as a classification methodology to learn about data in a very accurate way, because it is a quantitative procedure based on similarities.

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Extremal Mathematicians, Carlos A. Alfaro Jan 2022

Extremal Mathematicians, Carlos A. Alfaro

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

We report on the top ten mathematicians with the highest number of articles, citations, and students, based on data from MathSciNet and the Mathematics Genealogy Project.

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Navigating A Calculus Course During A Pandemic: A Usma Perspective, Shane K. Smith, Tyson H. Walsh, Lee Evans Jan 2022

Navigating A Calculus Course During A Pandemic: A Usma Perspective, Shane K. Smith, Tyson H. Walsh, Lee Evans

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

In this article we analyze publications written about different teaching modalities and evaluate how each applies to a calculus class during the on-going COVID-19 pandemic. We focus on the positives and negatives of teaching and learning in a virtual, classroom, or HyFlex environment. Although arguments could be made for each environment, especially given different institutional objectives, this work aims to explain why we eventually preferred teaching our Fall 2020 multivariable calculus course in a face-to-face classroom setting at the United States Military Academy at West Point. We also offer measures of performance to compare the current COVID-19 semester with previous …

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On The Mathematics Of Social Distancing, Robert Haas Jan 2022

On The Mathematics Of Social Distancing, Robert Haas

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, when spring began to make itself felt, photos showed New Yorkers enjoying the outdoors, while properly socially distanced, by sitting on the grass in a square lattice of circles. But the planners should have consulted a mathematician for the design, because significantly more people (over 15% more) could enjoy the same area safely if the circles were closer packed into a hexagonal lattice.

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Covid-19, Vaccines, And Decision Theory, Michael A. Lewis Jan 2022

Covid-19, Vaccines, And Decision Theory, Michael A. Lewis

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

In this piece, I delve into some thoughts I've had about decision theory. These have been inspired by the vaccine rollout phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic. I focus on decision making under uncertainty, as it relates to the decision to get vaccinated or not.

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Teaching Preservice Teachers In The Time Of Covid: What’S Worth Keeping?, Kathy Liu Sun, Jennifer L. Ruef, Kathleen Jablon Stoehr, Madeline Ahearn Jan 2022

Teaching Preservice Teachers In The Time Of Covid: What’S Worth Keeping?, Kathy Liu Sun, Jennifer L. Ruef, Kathleen Jablon Stoehr, Madeline Ahearn

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

As we begin to transition from online instruction to in-person, we (four mathematics teacher educators) reflect on how COVID-19 impacted our instruction and address the question: what will we take back to in-person instruction? This article includes our individual reflections and an analytical synthesis of them. Findings reveal that there were unanticipated ways that human connection and consideration arose from teaching online, much of which we want to maintain in some form when returning to brick and mortar classrooms. We conclude by highlighting the value and importance of reflection for our own well-being.

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The Hamster Diaries, Pamela B. Pierce Jan 2022

The Hamster Diaries, Pamela B. Pierce

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

When the pandemic hits, the author acquires a hamster, who provides some humorous anecdotes and some much-needed inspiration.

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Mindfully Navigating The Wind And Water: Defining The Currents Of Metaphors That Interfere With Excellence In Mathematics Education, Rob Blom, Olivia Lu, Chunlei Lu Jan 2022

Mindfully Navigating The Wind And Water: Defining The Currents Of Metaphors That Interfere With Excellence In Mathematics Education, Rob Blom, Olivia Lu, Chunlei Lu

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

We bring to the forefront of educational thought a specific attitude toward the COVID-19 crisis that harnesses the symbolism of wind and water to navigate the cultural storm interfering upon our mathematical and pedagogical craft. The purpose of our paper is to open up space for opportunities in mathematics education using integral mindfulness as the rudder to readjust our bearings. More specifically, through conceptual analyses and making explicit the currents of change, disorder, and technology, we can apply discernment to these metaphors that intersect our pedagogy to re-align efforts and attitudes toward an integrated (aperspectival) culture of mathematics education. Through …

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Unmotivated, Depressed, Anxious: Impact Of The Covid-19 Emergency Transition To Remote Learning On Undergraduates’ Math Anxiety, Melinda Lanius, Tiffany Frugé Jones, Samantha Kao, Tynan Lazarus, Alex Farrell Jan 2022

Unmotivated, Depressed, Anxious: Impact Of The Covid-19 Emergency Transition To Remote Learning On Undergraduates’ Math Anxiety, Melinda Lanius, Tiffany Frugé Jones, Samantha Kao, Tynan Lazarus, Alex Farrell

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

In summer 2020, we invited the 6761 undergraduate students who took a Spring 2020 math course at the University of Arizona to participate in a survey, with 13% responding. We asked about their experience with the emergency transition to remote learning and measured their math anxiety before and after the transition using the well-established Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale(AMAS). “Unmotivated, depressed, anxious” are the words one undergraduate used to describe their emergency transition to remote learning. Our results indicate that limited access to quality technology and inadequate communication with an instructor were the two greatest predictors for an increase in math …

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Nilpotents Leave No Trace: A Matrix Mystery For Pandemic Times, Eric L. Grinberg Jan 2022

Nilpotents Leave No Trace: A Matrix Mystery For Pandemic Times, Eric L. Grinberg

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

Reopening a cold case, Inspector Echelon, high-ranking in the Row Operations Center, is searching for a lost linear map, known to be nilpotent. When a partially decomposed matrix is unearthed, he reconstructs its reduced form, finding it singular. But were its origins nilpotent?

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A Mother-Mathematician Meets The Covid-19 Era, Bonnie Jacob Jan 2022

A Mother-Mathematician Meets The Covid-19 Era, Bonnie Jacob

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

Just ask the family cat: we are not all in this together, and never were. In this piece, I describe my journey as a mother and mathematician in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. Even though I am one of the lucky ones, we could do so much better.

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Teiresias, Proportions, And Sexual Pleasure, Spyros Missiakoulis Jan 2022

Teiresias, Proportions, And Sexual Pleasure, Spyros Missiakoulis

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

In this short article, I claim that Teiresias, the blind prophet of Apollo, in order to answer the question of whether “in sexual intercourse the woman had a larger share of pleasure than the man did”, measured the abstract concept of sexual pleasure and acted as a present-day scholar. With the help of numerical, not geometrical, proportions, he ended up with the conclusion “a man enjoyed one-tenth of the pleasure and a woman nine-tenths”.

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Happiness In Mathematics Education: The Experiences Of Preservice Elementary Teachers, Jeffrey Pair, Kent Dinh Jan 2022

Happiness In Mathematics Education: The Experiences Of Preservice Elementary Teachers, Jeffrey Pair, Kent Dinh

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

In this paper, we discuss preservice elementary teachers (PSTs) self-report of their happiness or unhappiness. Several times throughout a mathematics content capstone course, PSTs responded to prompts in which they described times from their past schooling experiences or during the course in which they experienced happiness or unhappiness in learning mathematics. Through thematic analysis, we examined their common experiences related to happiness and their mathematics learning. We found that PSTs’ happiness is related to expectations of themselves, their teachers, their peers, and mathematics itself. The study illuminates PST beliefs about mathematics teaching, collaborative group work, and the nature of mathematical …

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Middle School Students Generating Mathematical Problems From A Real-Life Situation, David Coffland, Ying Xie Jan 2022

Middle School Students Generating Mathematical Problems From A Real-Life Situation, David Coffland, Ying Xie

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

In this study, we examined the effect of different presentation formats of a realistic situation on students’ mathematical problem-posing behavior. We divided thirty-six middle school students into two groups, gave them a pretest, and then showed them a realistic, problem-posing situation in Artifact or Video format. We used Silver’s core dimensions of creativity, namely fluency, flexibility, and originality, to measure participants’ problem-posing activity. The results for the fluency measures showed that the Artifact group wrote more questions than the Video group but the same number of mathematics problems. The Video group posed problems in more mathematical domains than the Artifact …

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Plane Figurate Number Proofs Without Words Explained With Pattern Blocks, Gunhan Caglayan Jan 2022

Plane Figurate Number Proofs Without Words Explained With Pattern Blocks, Gunhan Caglayan

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

This article focuses on an artistic interpretation of pattern block designs with primary focus on the connection between pattern blocks and plane figurate numbers. Through this interpretation, it tells the story behind a handful of proofs without words (PWWs) that are inspired by such pattern block designs.

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Makers Do Math! Legitimizing Informal Mathematical Practices Within Making Contexts, Amber Simpson, Signe Kastberg Jan 2022

Makers Do Math! Legitimizing Informal Mathematical Practices Within Making Contexts, Amber Simpson, Signe Kastberg

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

In this paper, we argue that making activities within non-formal learning environments (e.g., museums, libraries) provide opportunities to engage youth in what we define as mathematical practices for making, everyday mathematical practices within the context of making activities. The mathematical practices identified from two non-formal school-based contexts highlighted three mathematical practices for making: informal measurement, spatial reasoning, and curiosity. These practices are identified in prior scholarship as being beneficial and foundational for the understanding of mathematical concepts. As educators and researchers turn to non-formal and informal contexts, with an eye toward understanding ways youth engage in the activity of making, …

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Intersection Cographs And Aesthetics, Robert Haas Jan 2022

Intersection Cographs And Aesthetics, Robert Haas

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

Cographs are complete graphs with colored lines (edges); in an intersection cograph, the points (vertices) and lines (edges) are labeled by sets, and the line between each pair of points is (or represents) their intersection. This article first presents the elementary theory of intersection cographs: 15 are possible on 4 points; constraints on the triangles and quadrilaterals; some forbidden configurations; and how, under suitable constraints, to generate the points from the lines alone. The mathematical theory is then applied to aesthetics, using set cographs to describe the experience of a person enjoying a picture (Mu Qi), poem (Dickinson), play (Shakespeare), …

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Seeing Mathematics And Seeing Mathematicians, Mark Huber, Gizem Karaali Jan 2022

Seeing Mathematics And Seeing Mathematicians, Mark Huber, Gizem Karaali

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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Front Matter Jan 2022

Front Matter

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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Contents 40(1–2) Jan 2022

Contents 40(1–2)

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.

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Reviewers Of Manuscripts, Volumes 39–40 Jan 2022

Reviewers Of Manuscripts, Volumes 39–40

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.

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Index To Volumes 39–40 Jan 2022

Index To Volumes 39–40

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.

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Sherwin Carlquist (1930–2021)—A Botanical Luminary, Thomas S. Elias, Mare Nazaire, Gary D. Wallace, Vanessa E. Ashworth Jan 2022

Sherwin Carlquist (1930–2021)—A Botanical Luminary, Thomas S. Elias, Mare Nazaire, Gary D. Wallace, Vanessa E. Ashworth

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Sherwin Carlquist (1930–2021) was an internationally respected and distinguished botanist who held faculty positions in botany at California Botanic Garden, Claremont Graduate University and Pomona College between 1956 and 1992. His legacy includes major scholarly contributions to plant systematics, plant anatomy, especially wood anatomy, island biogeography, evolutionary and ecological reasoning, and a prolific publication record. A loose collection of paragraphs by those who interacted with him addresses Carlquist's tremendous botanical output, teaching, mentorship, scientific scholarship, and his roles as a colleague and friend.

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A Vascular Flora Of The Selkirk Mountains, Bonner And Boundary Counties, Idaho, Harpo Faust, Ben Legler, David C. Tank Jan 2022

A Vascular Flora Of The Selkirk Mountains, Bonner And Boundary Counties, Idaho, Harpo Faust, Ben Legler, David C. Tank

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The vascular flora described here covers ~2295 square kilometers (~886 square miles) of the Selkirk Mountains that lie in the Idaho Panhandle, covering an elevational range of 540–2330 m (1770–7670 ft). The majority of the mountain range is underlain by granitic rock of the Kaniksu Batholith, and is diversified by the rich glacial history of the Panhandle. The study area contains multiple pockets of alluvial and glacial deposition that serve as specialized habitat for present-day floristic diversity within the range. The Idaho Selkirks are part of the Northern Rocky Mountains and have floristic influences from the Pacific coast, boreal north, …

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A Question Of Priority: Pterospora Andromedea Nuttall Vs. Monotropa Procera Torrey Ex Eaton (Monotropoideae, Ericaceae), Gary D. Wallace Jan 2022

A Question Of Priority: Pterospora Andromedea Nuttall Vs. Monotropa Procera Torrey Ex Eaton (Monotropoideae, Ericaceae), Gary D. Wallace

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Clarity is lacking on the priority of the names Pterospora andromedea Nutt. versus Monotropa procera Torr. ex Eaton, both of which were published in 1818, and the suggested clear answer may not be the correct answer. Taxonomic Literature, second edition, provides a publication date of 14 July 1818 for Nuttall’s Genera of North American Plants and a publication date of June 1818 for Eaton’s Manual of Botany ed. 2. However, upon closer scrutiny, the situation is more complex. The sources for these publication dates are discussed in order to trace the likely sequence of events leading up …

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Endangered Languages: A Sketch Of The Sengwer Sound System, Jamas Nandako Jan 2022

Endangered Languages: A Sketch Of The Sengwer Sound System, Jamas Nandako

Journal of the Language Association of Eastern Africa

Within the next century as many as half of the world’s seven thousand languages, are poised to become extinct at an alarmingly accelerated rate (Evans 2010). This correlates to a loss of knowledge, collective and individual identities, and social values. This loss is not only one of the most serious issues facing humanity today, but also it is representative of an unspeakable loss of information invaluable to humanity. This is so because these languages are among our few sources of evidence for understanding human history and each of these languages embodies unique local knowledge of the cultures and natural systems …

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Morphosyntactic Variation In Bantu: Focus On East Africa, Peter Edelsten, Hannah Gibson, Rozenn Guérois, Gastor Mapunda, Lutz Marten, Julius Taji Jan 2022

Morphosyntactic Variation In Bantu: Focus On East Africa, Peter Edelsten, Hannah Gibson, Rozenn Guérois, Gastor Mapunda, Lutz Marten, Julius Taji

Journal of the Language Association of Eastern Africa

Recent studies have developed a systematic approach to morphosyntactic variation among Bantu languages, taking well-known and widely attested construction types as a starting point and sketching their distribution across the family. One such approach, Guérois et al. (2017), utilises 142 morphosyntactic parameters or features, across a sample of some 50 Bantu languages (Marten et al. 2018). The present paper builds on this work and focusses on 10 parameters of variation where there is a significant difference between the values for East African Bantu languages and non-East African Bantu languages of the sample. The parameters relate to areas such as noun …

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A Linguistic Analysis Of Rukiga Personal Names, Allen Asiimwe Jan 2022

A Linguistic Analysis Of Rukiga Personal Names, Allen Asiimwe

Journal of the Language Association of Eastern Africa

The goal of the paper is to provide a linguistic description of the structure of personal names in a lesser studied Bantu language of Uganda, Rukiga (JE14). Data show that Rukiga personal names are presented as lexical entities but with underlying elaborate grammatical structures derived from the syntax, morphology, phonology and the lexicon of the language. Personal names in Rukiga form a special category of nouns derived from nouns, adjectives, verbs, phrases, clauses and full sentences. This study establishes that truncation, affixal derivation, lexicalization of phrases, clauses and sentences are employed in name-formation. The study further reveals that the socio-cultural …

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