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Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention For Tics Specialty Clinic Outcomes, Brandon Xavier Pitts
Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention For Tics Specialty Clinic Outcomes, Brandon Xavier Pitts
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Tics are abrupt, repetitive, and non-rhythmic movements (motor tics) and vocalizations (vocal tics). Persistent (Chronic) Tic Disorders (PTDs), which include conditions such as Tourette Disorder (TD), are characterized by involuntary motor and vocal tics. PTDs are associated with a myriad of adverse social repercussions, reduced quality of life, and concurrent psychiatric diagnoses, and occur in approximately 1.1% to 4.8% of the global population. Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT) stands as the primary nonpharmacological therapeutic approach for tics. Although the efficacy of CBIT has been established in multiple large-scale randomized control trials (RCTs), there is a paucity of research scrutinizing …
Explaining Heterogeneity: Identifying Subgroups Of Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Laura Mcguigan
Explaining Heterogeneity: Identifying Subgroups Of Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Laura Mcguigan
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder that often persists into adulthood. Individuals with ADHD present with varied patterns of neurocognitive impairment, psychological comorbidities, and functional challenges. The current characterization of ADHD into three subgroups (primarily inattentive, primarily hyperactive/impulsive, combined inattentive-hyperactive/impulsive presentation) does not fully explain the heterogeneity of challenges experienced by this population. In this study, 259 adult patients [Mage= 25.94; SD=7.83; 78% Caucasian; 54% male] referred for an ADHD evaluation were investigated, and latent profile analysis was conducted. Self-reported ADHD symptoms, psychological functioning, and neuropsychological functioning were considered to identify subgroups. Results revealed four distinct classes: …
Bridging The Need-To-Access Gap: Examining Parents Who Perceive A Need For Their Youth To Receive Mental Health Services, Alexandra Bowling
Bridging The Need-To-Access Gap: Examining Parents Who Perceive A Need For Their Youth To Receive Mental Health Services, Alexandra Bowling
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Parents often act as gatekeepers to their children and adolescents receiving mental health services. Youth help-seeking models propose that three parent-focused factors (perceptions of their youth’s illness profile, predisposing characteristics, and enabling resources) impact each stage of the help-seeking process: problem recognition (i.e., perceived needers), decision to seek help (i.e., treatment intenders), and service selection and utilization (i.e., treatment utilizers). Research is needed that examines how the above factors relate to parents getting “stuck” in the help-seeking process (i.e., do not become treatment utilizers). The current study investigated whether predisposing characteristics (i.e., family and demographic characteristics, mental health attitudes and …
Internalizing Symptoms In Autistic Young Adults: Comparing The Cognitive And Physiological Components Of Emotion Regulation, Sarah Lehman
Internalizing Symptoms In Autistic Young Adults: Comparing The Cognitive And Physiological Components Of Emotion Regulation, Sarah Lehman
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Autistic people experience co-occurring mental illness at a substantially greater rate compared to their neurotypical counterparts. Of these comorbid psychopathologies, internalizing disorders (anxiety and depression) are among the most prevalent. Emotion dysregulation has been identified as a contributing factor to this phenomenon and potential treatment target. The current study employed cognitive (e.g., use of suppression and use of cognitive reappraisal) and physiological (e.g., respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and heart period) measures to more holistically capture the multifaceted construct of emotion regulation compared to prior research. In a sample of autistic young adults (N = 63) ages 17-29 (M = 20.14), …
Police Harassment And Latinx Mental Health: The Moderating Role Of Family Support And Nativity, Veronica Lauren Heredia
Police Harassment And Latinx Mental Health: The Moderating Role Of Family Support And Nativity, Veronica Lauren Heredia
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Relative to their population size, communities of color experience disproportionate occurrences of harassment (Wilson et. al., 2020). Reports on police killings from 2013 to 2018 display that Black individuals constituted 27.5% of those killed, despite making up only 13% of the population (Siegel, 2020). The U.S. Latinx population is similarly impacted, given reports that they also experience police targeting (Edwards et. al., 2019; Gaston et. al., 2021; Harris et. al., 2020; Zimmerman et. al., 2021). Empirical evidence has shown a positive association between police harassment exposure and depressive and posttraumatic stress symptoms in Latinx populations (Chin et. al., 2020; Del …
Interpersonal Connection: Examining Synchrony In Emotions And Physiology In Friends During Interactions, Joia Lynette Wesley
Interpersonal Connection: Examining Synchrony In Emotions And Physiology In Friends During Interactions, Joia Lynette Wesley
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Interpersonal synchrony is the alignment of emotions, behaviors, and physiology and is associated with prosocial behaviors and subjective connectedness. Few studies have examined synchrony in friend dyads. The present study compared emotional and physiological synchrony during emotional and neutral interactions, explored how social role may influence empathy, and tested if friendship characteristics predicted synchrony. Participants were 56 friend dyads recruited from a predominantly White, Midwestern university. The study included two sessions. In the first session, participants completed prequestionnaires and each participant identified three emotionally salient situations that they had not shared with their friend. The second session was an interaction …
Cultural Values, Gender Roles, Hispanic, Latine, Latinx, Sexism, Erick Herrera Hernandez
Cultural Values, Gender Roles, Hispanic, Latine, Latinx, Sexism, Erick Herrera Hernandez
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Latine cultural values may present elements of hostile and benevolent sexism that overlap with patriarchal gender expectations that maintain gender norms. Despite extensive research linking hostile and benevolent sexism with negative outcomes, few studies have focused on Latine samples. Understanding how Latines perceive sexist behavior is an important step towards addressing the negative effects of sexism in Latine communities. This study examined the relationship between Latine cultural values and perceptions of hostile and benevolent sexist behavior. Participants were presented with fourteen scenarios reflecting hostile and benevolent sexist behavior and were asked to rate these scenarios on a variety of traits, …
Comparing The Effects Of Immediate Vs. Delayed Differential Reinforcement Of Zero Rate Behavior Schedules On Tic Suppression, Kristine T. Vo
Comparing The Effects Of Immediate Vs. Delayed Differential Reinforcement Of Zero Rate Behavior Schedules On Tic Suppression, Kristine T. Vo
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Persistent Tic Disorder and Tourette Disorder are neuropsychiatric conditions characterized by motor and or/ vocal tics. Treatment surrounding tics involve pharmaceutical or behavior therapy. Individuals seeking behavior therapy receive habit reversal training (HRT) or comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics (CBIT). Much research demonstrates the efficacy of HRT and CBIT, however, as these treatments often teach effective tic suppression skills, it may be useful to better understand the behavioral contingencies that most effectively lead to suppression. This research aims to compare different schedules of reinforcement on tic suppression. Two individuals diagnosed with Tourette’s Disorder, ages 9-14, participated in this study. A …
Evaluating Interest In Clinical Trial Participation For The Treatment Of Pediatric Food Allergy, Perry Allen Catlin
Evaluating Interest In Clinical Trial Participation For The Treatment Of Pediatric Food Allergy, Perry Allen Catlin
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Food allergy (FA) is a chronic medical condition that affects one out of every 13 children in the United States. Researchers have recently begun utilizing double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials to test novel biological treatments designed to retrain the immune system to be less reactive to food allergens. Although these treatments remain in the clinical trial stage, evidence suggests that individuals differentially engage with these options based on a variety of factors. Using a socioecological framework, this study sought to evaluate the effect of child, parent, and family-level factors on parental interest in clinical trial participation for the treatment of pediatric …
Impact Of Childhood Trauma On Skin Conductance Response To Fear, Safety, And Reward, Tristan Alana Gregg
Impact Of Childhood Trauma On Skin Conductance Response To Fear, Safety, And Reward, Tristan Alana Gregg
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Trauma is associated with neurological and physiological differences that can persist years after trauma exposure. Physiologically, trauma has been associated with altered responses to cues in the environment, most commonly threatening stimuli. For instance, in participants who experience trauma during adulthood, such individuals exhibit heightened physiological arousal. Conversely, other studies have found that childhood trauma may be associated with blunted physiological arousal. Most of this research has involved threatening cues, but previous research suggests that trauma is also associated with aberrant physiological arousal responses to positive or rewarding cues. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) are a commonly utilized measure of physiological …
Heart Rate Variability (Hrv), Cortisol, And Trait Anxiety In Mid-Life Adults, Meghan Bennett
Heart Rate Variability (Hrv), Cortisol, And Trait Anxiety In Mid-Life Adults, Meghan Bennett
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Heart rate variability (HRV) and cortisol are well-established biomarkers of the human stress response system. As such, their respective relationships with trait anxiety have been studied. As high HRV indicates healthy emotion regulation while low HRV signifies poor emotion regulation, a negative relationship between HRV and anxiety is found in the literature. Conversely, cortisol both prepares the body for stress and helps it to recover and current studies yield mixed results on its relationship with anxiety. While the link between vagal activity, which mediates HRV, and the HPA-axis, which outputs cortisol, is generally assumed, few studies have examined these biomarkers …
Mixed Methods Exploration Of Low Points And Wellness In Black Women, Jessica Krukowski
Mixed Methods Exploration Of Low Points And Wellness In Black Women, Jessica Krukowski
Master's Theses (2009 -)
IntroductionTime and again the voices, experiences, and interests of Black women are systematically marginalized, overlooked or dismissed (King, 2019). In addition, and possibly because of this, Black women are consistently underrepresented and historically overlooked in research (Allen, 2008; Corker, 2010). It is imperative to allow the voices of Black women to begin to fill this scientific gap. Mixed-methods narrative research provides a strength-based framework to do so. This study explores how Black women talk about the lowest point in their life and how that relates to various outcomes of wellness. Method The low point response narrative from The Life Story …
The Role Of Hostile And Benevolent Sexism On Women's Career Aspirations And Self-Doubt In Masculine And Feminine Majors, Mary Tait
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Women experience hostile sexism and benevolent sexism in various aspects of their lives and the effects of these experiences have been shown to greatly affect their performance in career-related domains. Researchers have posited that this reduction in performance is related to self-doubt (Dardenne et al., 2007; Kuchynka et al., 2018) which can affect women’s careers long-term. However, the effects of self-doubt on women’s careers may vary depending on the stereotyped context of the environment. The current study examined if the relationship between experiences with sexism and career aspirations is mediated by self-doubt. Further, it was examined if the relationships changed …
Response Inhibition-Related Beta Power: Distinguishing Cognitively Intact Elders By Risk For Alzheimer’S Disease, Sarah Amelia Evans
Response Inhibition-Related Beta Power: Distinguishing Cognitively Intact Elders By Risk For Alzheimer’S Disease, Sarah Amelia Evans
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Current neuropsychological research demonstrates an association between the Apolipoprotein-E 4 allele (APOE 4) and poorer cognitive outcomes in older adults. However, there is a general lack of consensus regarding the effect the 4 allele has on executive functioning in cognitively intact older adults, and there is even less study of the effects the 4 allele has on specific executive function processes, such as response inhibition. While behavioral task performance may lack the sensitivity to detect subtle differences in cognitively intact, at-risk individuals, neural activity may better differentiate between individuals who are more likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Compensatory theories …
The Role Of Community Involvement In Ethnic Discrimination And Depression Symptoms Among Ethnic Minority College Students, Jaclyn Pachicano
The Role Of Community Involvement In Ethnic Discrimination And Depression Symptoms Among Ethnic Minority College Students, Jaclyn Pachicano
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Over the past two decades, there has been an increase in racial and ethnic minorities attending college (Davis & Fry, 2019). Unfortunately, racial and ethnic minority students are at higher risk for depression symptoms and are less likely to seek out services to address these symptoms (Hope et al., 2018). A possible contributing factor to elevated depression symptoms in this population is exposure to racial and ethnic discrimination, which has repeatedly been linked to increased depression symptoms (Araújo & Borrell, 2006; Chou et al., 2012). Previous literature suggests that community involvement may serve as a buffer or a pathway for …
Relationship Between Maternal/Family Functioning And Social Functioning In Youth With Adhd, Ewald Michael Wefelmeyer
Relationship Between Maternal/Family Functioning And Social Functioning In Youth With Adhd, Ewald Michael Wefelmeyer
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Affecting roughly 5% of the population, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common mental health disorder characterized by deficits in attention, activity level, and/or impulse control causing impairments across multiple domains of functioning (APA, 2013). Although ADHD is most commonly associated with impairment in academic and behavioral functioning, there also exists a strong connection between the disorder and significant social impairment. Indeed, youth with ADHD typically have fewer friends and experience significantly higher levels of peer rejection than do typically developing youth (Bagwell, Molina, Pelham, & Hoza, 2001). In addition to social problems, ADHD is often associated with problems in the …
College Supports For Asd: Autistic Perspectives Across Educational Career, Rachel Stanley
College Supports For Asd: Autistic Perspectives Across Educational Career, Rachel Stanley
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Higher education has become a viable pursuit for many autistic individuals, but those who seek a college degree graduate at rates significantly lower than their peers. Social skills, mental health, executive functioning, independent living, and sensory processing are highlighted as areas of difficulty for autistic college students. However, research seeking the perspectives and experiences of autistic individuals has been limited, and proposed solutions are not based on input from the population they seek to serve. Further, research has been largely limited to current college students, and may miss potentially useful perspectives on transition from individuals pre- and post-college. This study …
Cultural Differences In Reactions To Tics, Jordan Stiede
Cultural Differences In Reactions To Tics, Jordan Stiede
Master's Theses (2009 -)
The present study used parent-report data of clinical characteristics, tic severity, and reactions to tics to explore cross-cultural similarities and differences in 223 children with Tourette’s disorder (TD) from the United States, United Kingdom, and Netherlands/Norway. First, the clinical characteristics of age at onset, male to female ratio, and comorbidities of individuals from the three groups of countries were explored. Parents from the United Kingdom reported a significantly later age at onset for their children than parents from the United States. There were no differences in the other clinical characteristics among the participants from the different countries. Second, psychometric properties …
Impact Of A Social Skills Intervention On The Structural Anatomy Of The Social Brain Of Autistic Adolescents, Alexis Arias
Impact Of A Social Skills Intervention On The Structural Anatomy Of The Social Brain Of Autistic Adolescents, Alexis Arias
Master's Theses (2009 -)
The prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) continues to rise as researchers seek to examine the physiological links to social and communication challenges. The Social Brain, neuroanatomical structures which play a role in social cognition, is proposed to be linked to the social and communication challenges associated with ASD. An area of rapidly growing research is the evaluation of social skills interventions, which target social challenges present in Autistic individuals. Advances in technology, have allowed for these interventions to be examined in regards to physiological changes (e.g., electroencephalogram asymmetry and coherence) as outcome variables. Amongst these interventions, the Program for …
My Natural Hair Is Unprofessional: The Impact Of Black Hairstyles On Perceived Employment-Related Characteristics, Kalen Kennedy
My Natural Hair Is Unprofessional: The Impact Of Black Hairstyles On Perceived Employment-Related Characteristics, Kalen Kennedy
Master's Theses (2009 -)
The media has multiple examples of Black women experiencing negative outcomes at the hands of their potential employers and the employers’ biases against particular hairstyles. Research has demonstrated that several within-race variables such as skin tone and Afrocentric facial features influence how Black individuals are treated across a number of contexts. The present study investigated hairstyle as a potential within-racial variable that effects Black women negatively in the employment context. Utilizing the Princeton trilogy methodology, researchers empirically documented the stereotypes associated with Black hairstyles (i.e., afros, dreadlocs, straightened hair). Participants were instructed to generate traits they were aware of that …
Sexual Minority Behavioral Health Outcomes: The Role Of Social Stressors And Self-Regulation, Zane B. Ballard
Sexual Minority Behavioral Health Outcomes: The Role Of Social Stressors And Self-Regulation, Zane B. Ballard
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer individuals have been shown to experience significantly more negative health outcomes than do heterosexuals. The current study examined the effects of identity authenticity on problematic alcohol and drug use and sexual compulsivity. The current study also tested whether this relationship between identity authenticity and negative behavioral health outcomes is mediated by self-regulation depletion, as well as internalized homonegativity and rejection sensitivity. Identity authenticity was associated with self-regulation depletion, internalized homonegativity, problematic alcohol use, and sexual compulsivity. Identity authenticity did not predict rejection sensitivity or problematic drug use. Evidence supports the role of self-regulation depletion in …
Developing Functional Analysis-Informed Interventions To Reduce Mouthing In Dogs, Mindy Waite
Developing Functional Analysis-Informed Interventions To Reduce Mouthing In Dogs, Mindy Waite
Master's Theses (2009 -)
In human populations, the most efficacious behavioral interventions are function-based, which first requires identification of the behavioral function. The gold standard for isolation of the behavioral function is the functional analysis, which has been effectively used for decades on human behavior. However, companion animals also engage in behavior considered problematic by their human owners. In domesticated dogs, mouthing is a common behavior displayed by young dogs and is considered problematic by many human families. Without efficacious interventions, undesirable behavior in companion animals may result in reduced welfare, relinquishment, or even euthanasia of the animal. The purpose of this study was …
The Relationship Between Identity Dimensions, Gender Conformity, And Satisfaction With Life, Alexandria Colburn
The Relationship Between Identity Dimensions, Gender Conformity, And Satisfaction With Life, Alexandria Colburn
Master's Theses (2009 -)
There is a large body of evidence indicating physical and mental health disparities among marginalized populations. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between identity dimensions, gender conformity, and well-being. I anticipated that identification with a marginalized identity group would predict poorer satisfaction with life, compared to identification with a privileged group. In addition, I investigated the role of gender conformity as a possible interaction variable in the relationship between identity factors (assigned sex, age, race, ethnicity, and sexual orientation) and outcomes of satisfaction with life. A hierarchical multiple regression was used to investigate these hypotheses. Results …
Perspectives On Social Support And Stigma In Prep-Related Care Among Gay And Bisexual Men On Prep: A Qualitative Investigation, Juan Pablo Zapata
Perspectives On Social Support And Stigma In Prep-Related Care Among Gay And Bisexual Men On Prep: A Qualitative Investigation, Juan Pablo Zapata
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately impacted by HIV. Today, one of the most effective and innovative HIV prevention tools available is pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Despite its remarkable effectiveness at preventing HIV transmission, awareness and uptake of PrEP as a prevention strategy has been slow to take hold. As evidenced in previous literature, experiences of stigma have been found to negatively impact psychological and physical stress, and medication adherence. Social support has been found to buffer against some of these psychological and behavioral responses. This study explored the psychosocial dimensions of PrEP use among MSM to promote …
Item Response Theory Analyses Of Barkley’S Adult Adhd Rating Scales, Morgan Nitta
Item Response Theory Analyses Of Barkley’S Adult Adhd Rating Scales, Morgan Nitta
Master's Theses (2009 -)
There are many challenges associated with assessment and diagnosis of ADHD in adulthood. A significant percentage of adult patients may fabricate or exaggerate ADHD symptoms when completing self-report measures in hopes of securing a diagnosis. Further, there are conflicting findings surrounding the similarity between ADHD presentation in adults and children, reflected in rating-scales and symptoms outlined in the diagnostic criteria. This research provides novel information regarding relationships between common adult ADHD self-report form items and corresponding theoretical constructs of inattention (IA) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (H/I). Utilizing the graded response model (GRM) from item response theory (IRT), a comprehensive item-level analysis of …
Relations Of Discriminatory Experiences And Marianismo Beleifs With Ptsd Symptoms In Latinx Women, Claire Maria Bird
Relations Of Discriminatory Experiences And Marianismo Beleifs With Ptsd Symptoms In Latinx Women, Claire Maria Bird
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Research examining the discriminatory experiences of Latinx women in minimal. The present study examined if various forms of discrimination predicted mental health symptoms in a sample of Latinx women, with the conceptualization of chronic discrimination as a possible form of trauma. There is evidence showing that Latinx individuals are at risk to develop posttraumatic stress disorder at higher rates than their non-Hispanic White counterparts, with many studies pointing to the experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination as a significant contributor (Kaczkurkin, Asnaani, Hall-Clark, Peterson, Yarvis, & Foa, 2016). Given the multiple forms of discrimination that women of color experience, ethnic discrimination, sexism, …
Towards Predicting Risky Behavior Among Veterans With Ptsd By Analyzing Gesture Patterns, Tanvir Roushan
Towards Predicting Risky Behavior Among Veterans With Ptsd By Analyzing Gesture Patterns, Tanvir Roushan
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Risky behavior including violence and aggression, self-injury, anger outburst, domestic violence along with self-injury, sexual abuse, rule breaking, use of drugs and alcohol, suicide etc. are alarming issues among US military veterans who return from combat zone deployment in Iraq and Afghanistan. Veterans are exposed to trauma in war zones which affect most of them with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or other metal health problems to some degree. Studies have shown that veterans have much higher rates of PTSD than civilians and are more likely to engage in risky behavior. One of the form of displaying and engaging in risky …
Family Functioning In Latino Families Of Children With Adhd: The Role Of Parental Gender And Acculturation, Anne Malkoff
Family Functioning In Latino Families Of Children With Adhd: The Role Of Parental Gender And Acculturation, Anne Malkoff
Master's Theses (2009 -)
It has been well established that parents of children with ADHD report significantly higher levels of parenting stress (Heath, Curtis, Fan, & McPherson, 2015) and chaos in the home (Wirth et al., 2017) than parents of children without ADHD. Parents of children with ADHD also report feeling less efficacious in their parenting abilities compared to parents of children without ADHD (Primack et al., 2012). To date, a majority of the literature on ADHD has focused on European American children and families, resulting in a paucity of research and clinical practice with ethnic minority families of youth with ADHD, specifically among …
The Effects Of Acute Stress On Emotion Recognition Of Bodily Movements, Devi Jayan
The Effects Of Acute Stress On Emotion Recognition Of Bodily Movements, Devi Jayan
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Lack of understanding of the mental state of others may govern poor social interactions and, the etiology and maintenance of several mental health conditions. In everyday situations, verbal and non-verbal affective stimuli are often processed under conditions of acute stress. Acute stress is associated with changes in cognition, affect, behavior and neural functioning; however, previous research has not sufficiently identified the role of acute stress on emotion recognition (ER) from body movements. The current study explored the effects of acute stress and related physiological responses on ER of dynamic body movements. Eighty-Four participants were exposed to an acute stress procedure …
The Famous Names Discrimination Task As A Biomarker Of Alzheimer's Disease Risk: An Erp Study, Elizabeth Rose Paitel
The Famous Names Discrimination Task As A Biomarker Of Alzheimer's Disease Risk: An Erp Study, Elizabeth Rose Paitel
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Current ERP research emphasizes age- and pathology-related declines in neural processing in the form of attenuated amplitudes and prolonged latencies. Notably, there is a gap in the ERP literature regarding neural processing trajectories in the time between healthy young adulthood and clinical MCI/AD samples. fMRI research, however, has demonstrated periods of increased, compensatory activation in healthy, cognitively intact APOE ɛ4 carriers both during resting state and event-related tasks (Bondi, Houston, Eyler, & Brown, 2005; Evans et al., 2014; Filippini et al., 2009; Rao et al., 2015), consistent with compensatory theories of cognitive aging (Cabeza, 2002; Park & Reuter-Lorenz, 2009; Reuter-Lorenz …