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Medicine and Health Sciences

2013

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Extrapyramidal Symptoms In 10 Years Of Long Term Treatment Of Schizophrenia: Independent Of Psychopathology And Outcome, Amresh Srivastava Dec 2012

Extrapyramidal Symptoms In 10 Years Of Long Term Treatment Of Schizophrenia: Independent Of Psychopathology And Outcome, Amresh Srivastava

Amresh Srivastava

Extrapyramidal Symptoms in 10 Years of Long Term Treatment of Schizophrenia: Independent of Psychopathology and Outcome Amresh Srivastava1, Megan Johnston2, Kristen Terpstra3, Larry Stitt4, Avinash De Sousa5*, Nilesh Shah6 1Department of Psychiatry, Elgin Early Intervention Program for Psychosis, The University of Western Ontario, Ontario, Canada, and Mental Health Resource Foundation, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, 2.Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3G3 Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1 5Research Officer, Department of Psychiatry, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai 6 Professor and Head, Department of Psychiatry, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai: One of …

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Symptom Overlap Between Schizophrenia And Bipolar Mood Disorder: Diagnostic Issues, Amresh Srivastava Dec 2012

Symptom Overlap Between Schizophrenia And Bipolar Mood Disorder: Diagnostic Issues, Amresh Srivastava

Amresh Srivastava

Although the Kraepelinian classification paradigm is widely used, observations of overlapping boundaries between the symptoms associated with bipolar disor- der and schizophrenia are beginning to challenge this dichotomy. The objective of this research was to explore the symptoms of individuals diagnosed with schizo- phrenia and with bipolar mood disorder in order to de- termine the frequency of symptom overlap. One hun- dred patients of a psychiatry ward were divided into two main groups based on their diagnosis—schizo- phrenia or bipolar mood disorder. Chi-square analy- ses were used to determine whether the symptoms mea- sured in this study differed between individuals …

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Application Of The Self Care Deficit Nursing Theory: The Community Context, Rebecca Green Dec 2012

Application Of The Self Care Deficit Nursing Theory: The Community Context, Rebecca Green

Rebecca D. Green

The purpose of this article is to consider the basic tenets of Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory in application to children with special health care needs as an aggregate in a larger community. The cases of Javon and Elizabeth are revisited and evaluated within the context of community. Orem's concept of conditioning factors is linked with the public health concepts of social determinants of health; and her concept of universal self-care requisites are interpreted within the context of the World Health Organization's definition of health. Finally, the concept of intersectionality is introduced as a linking framework for consideration of these …

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The Impact Of Case-Mix On Timely Access To Appointments In A Primary Care Group Practice, Asli Ozen, Hari Balasubramanian Dec 2012

The Impact Of Case-Mix On Timely Access To Appointments In A Primary Care Group Practice, Asli Ozen, Hari Balasubramanian

Hari Balasubramanian

No abstract provided.

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Psychological Distress In African American Grandmothrs Raising Grandchildren: The Contribution Of Child Behavior Problems, Physical Health, And Family Resources, Susan Kelley, Deborah Whitley, Peter Campos Dec 2012

Psychological Distress In African American Grandmothrs Raising Grandchildren: The Contribution Of Child Behavior Problems, Physical Health, And Family Resources, Susan Kelley, Deborah Whitley, Peter Campos

Deborah M. Whitley

Diminished psychological health has been identified among caregiving grandmothers. The intent of this investigation was to examine psychological distress levels, as well as their predictors, in a sample of 480 caregiving African American grandmothers, mean age 56 years. Almost 40% (39.8%) of participants had clinically elevated psychological distress scores. Results of hierarchical multiple regression indicated that internalizing and externalizing child behavior problems, poor grandmother physical health, younger age of grandmother, and lack of family resources predicted 31% of the variance in psychological distress. Results provide direction for nursing interventions aimed at enhancing the psychological well-being of caregiving grandmothers.

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Reform Of The United States Health Care System: An Overview, Robert B. Leflar Dec 2012

Reform Of The United States Health Care System: An Overview, Robert B. Leflar

Robert B Leflar

This essay, written for readers unfamiliar with the details of American health law and policy, portrays the essential features of the battle for health reform in the United States and of the law that survived the battle: the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA). The essay summarizes key aspects of the U.S. health care system and how it compares in terms of costs and results with other advanced nations’ systems. The political and legal conflicts leading up to and following PPACA’s enactment are described. The major features of the law, attempting to address problems of access to health care, …

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What Are The Factors Associated With Hiv Testing Among Male Injecting An Non-Injecting Drug Users In Lashio, Myanmnar: A Cross-Sectional Study, Yu Mon Saw, Junko Yasuoka, Thu Nandar Saw, Krishna C. Poudel, Soe Tun, Masamine Jimba Dec 2012

What Are The Factors Associated With Hiv Testing Among Male Injecting An Non-Injecting Drug Users In Lashio, Myanmnar: A Cross-Sectional Study, Yu Mon Saw, Junko Yasuoka, Thu Nandar Saw, Krishna C. Poudel, Soe Tun, Masamine Jimba

Krishna C. Poudel

Objectives: HIV testing is an effective intervention for reducing HIV risk and providing information on HIV status. However, uptake of HIV testing is a major challenge within the drug-using population due to the stigma and discrimination associated with their illegal drug use behaviours. This study thus aimed to identify factors associated with HIV testing among injecting drug users (IDUs) and non-injecting drug users (NIDUs) in Lashio, Myanmar. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2010 to February 2010. Setting: This study was carried out in Lashio city, Northern Shan State, Myanmar. Participants: In total, 158 male IDUs and 210 …

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Arsenic Exposure And Oral Cavity Lesions In Bangladesh, Emdadul H. Syed, Krishna C. Poudel, Junko Yasuka, Keiko Otsuka, Alauddin Ahmed, Tariqul Islam, Farque Pavez, Vesna Slavkovich, Joseph H. Graziano, Habibul Ahsan, Masamine Jimba Dec 2012

Arsenic Exposure And Oral Cavity Lesions In Bangladesh, Emdadul H. Syed, Krishna C. Poudel, Junko Yasuka, Keiko Otsuka, Alauddin Ahmed, Tariqul Islam, Farque Pavez, Vesna Slavkovich, Joseph H. Graziano, Habibul Ahsan, Masamine Jimba

Krishna C. Poudel

Objective—To evaluate the relationship between arsenic exposure and oral cavity lesions among an arsenic-exposed population in Bangladesh. Methods—We carried out an analysis utilizing the baseline data of the Health Effects of Arsenic Exposure Longitudinal Study (HEALS). HEALS is an ongoing population-based cohort study to investigate health outcomes associated with arsenic exposure via drinking water in Araihazar, Bangladesh. We used multinomial regression models to estimate the risk of oral cavity lesions. Results—Participants with high urinary arsenic levels (286.1–5000.0μg/g) were more likely to develop arsenical lesions of the gums [multinomial odds ratio (M-OR 2.90; 95% CI= 1.11–7.54)], and tongue (M-OR 2.79; 95% …

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R Lab 5 - Tmle, Laura Balzer, Maya Petersen, Alexander Luedtke Dec 2012

R Lab 5 - Tmle, Laura Balzer, Maya Petersen, Alexander Luedtke

Laura B. Balzer

No abstract provided.

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Replication Of Known Dental Characteristics In Porcine Skin: Emerging Technologies For The Imaging Specialist, L T. Johnson, Thomas W. Radmer, D C. Jeutter, G F. Corliss, Gary L. Stafford, Tom S. Wirtz, R L. Groffy, J D. Thulin, K W. Ahn, A D. Visotky Dec 2012

Replication Of Known Dental Characteristics In Porcine Skin: Emerging Technologies For The Imaging Specialist, L T. Johnson, Thomas W. Radmer, D C. Jeutter, G F. Corliss, Gary L. Stafford, Tom S. Wirtz, R L. Groffy, J D. Thulin, K W. Ahn, A D. Visotky

Gary L Stafford DMD

No abstract provided.

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Health-Related Quality Of Life, Depression, And Self-Esteem In Adolescents With Leprosy-Affected Parents: Results Of A Cross-Sectional Study In Nepal, Nobuko Yamaguchi, Krishna C. Poudel, Masamine Jimba Dec 2012

Health-Related Quality Of Life, Depression, And Self-Esteem In Adolescents With Leprosy-Affected Parents: Results Of A Cross-Sectional Study In Nepal, Nobuko Yamaguchi, Krishna C. Poudel, Masamine Jimba

Krishna C. Poudel

Background: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that has an impact on the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of sufferers as well as their children. To date, no study has investigated the effects of parental leprosy on the well-being of adolescent children.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Lalitpur and Kathmandu districts of Nepal. Adolescents with leprosy-affected parents (n = 102; aged 11–17 years) and those with parents unaffected by leprosy (n = 115; 11–17 years) were investigated. Self-reported data from adolescents were collected using the Kinder Lebensqualität Fragebogen (KINDLR) questionnaire to assess HRQOL, the Center for Epidemiological …

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R Lab 1 - Causal Parameters & Intro R, Laura Balzer, Maya Petersen, Alex Luedtke Dec 2012

R Lab 1 - Causal Parameters & Intro R, Laura Balzer, Maya Petersen, Alex Luedtke

Laura B. Balzer

No abstract provided.

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Improving Outcomes Of Renal Transplant Recipients With Behavioral Adherence Contracts: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Marie Chisholm-Burns, Christina Spivey, Joshua Graff Zivin, Jeannie Lee, Eric Sredzinski, Elizabeth Tolley Dec 2012

Improving Outcomes Of Renal Transplant Recipients With Behavioral Adherence Contracts: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Marie Chisholm-Burns, Christina Spivey, Joshua Graff Zivin, Jeannie Lee, Eric Sredzinski, Elizabeth Tolley

Joshua Graff Zivin

No abstract provided.

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R Lab 1 - Intro R & Causal Parameters, Laura Balzer, Maya Petersen, Alex Luedtke Dec 2012

R Lab 1 - Intro R & Causal Parameters, Laura Balzer, Maya Petersen, Alex Luedtke

Laura B. Balzer

No abstract provided.

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Better Learning In Schools To Improve Attitudes Toward Abstinence And Intentions For Safer Sex Among Adolescents In Urban Nepal, Rachana Manandhar Shrestha, Keiko Ostuka, Krishna C. Poudel, Junko Yasuoka, Medin Lamichhane, Masamine Jimba Dec 2012

Better Learning In Schools To Improve Attitudes Toward Abstinence And Intentions For Safer Sex Among Adolescents In Urban Nepal, Rachana Manandhar Shrestha, Keiko Ostuka, Krishna C. Poudel, Junko Yasuoka, Medin Lamichhane, Masamine Jimba

Krishna C. Poudel

Background: School-based sex education is an effective medium to convey health information and skills about preventing sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unwanted pregnancies among adolescents. However, research on school-based sex education is limited in many developing countries, including Nepal. This study thus had two main objectives: (1) to assess students’ evaluation of school-based sex education, and (2) to examine the associations between students’ evaluations of school-based sex education and their (a) attitudes toward abstinence and (b) intentions for safer sex. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 634 students from six schools in the Kathmandu Valley during May–June 2010. We …

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Antipsychotic Prescribing Pathways Polypharmacy And Clozapine Use, Jessica Goren Dec 2012

Antipsychotic Prescribing Pathways Polypharmacy And Clozapine Use, Jessica Goren

Jessica Goren

No abstract provided.

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Health Care And Hiv Testing Experiences Among Black Men In The South: Implications For "Seek, Test, Treat And Retain" Hiv Prevention Strategies, Rupali K. Doshi, David J. Malebranche, Lisa Bowleg, Thurka Sangaramoorthy Dec 2012

Health Care And Hiv Testing Experiences Among Black Men In The South: Implications For "Seek, Test, Treat And Retain" Hiv Prevention Strategies, Rupali K. Doshi, David J. Malebranche, Lisa Bowleg, Thurka Sangaramoorthy

David J Malebranche

Few studies have explored how overall general health care and HIV/STI testing experiences may influence receipt of ‘‘Seek, Test, Treat, and Retain’’ (STTR) HIV prevention approaches among Black men in the southern United States. Using in-depth qualitative interviews with 78 HIV-negative/unknown Black men in Georgia, we explored factors influencing their general health care and HIV/STI testing experiences. The Andersen behavioral model of health care utilization (Andersen model) offers a useful framework through which to examine the general health care experiences and HIV testing practices of Black men. It has four primary domains: Environment, Population characteristics, Health behavior, and Outcomes. Within …

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An Intervention To Improve Adherence And Symptoms For Oral Oncolytics, Sandra Spoelstra Dec 2012

An Intervention To Improve Adherence And Symptoms For Oral Oncolytics, Sandra Spoelstra

Sandra L. Spoelstra, PhD, RN, FGSA, FAAN

Background. The use of oral chemotherapy agents to treat cancer has increased. Patients are responsible for adhering to complex dosing regimens, while monitoring and managing symptoms from side effects of the chemotherapy at home.
 
Objective. This study examined an intervention to manage symptoms and promote adherence to oral chemotherapy agents.
 
Intervention and Methods. A 3 group exploratory pilot study determined how an Automated Voice Response (AVR) system alone (N=40), or the AVR with strategies to manage symptoms and adherence (N=40), or the AVR with strategies to manage adherence (N=39) reduced symptom severity and improved adherence. Participants received a …

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Child Maltreatment And Bullying: Examining The Experiences Of Lgb Children And Adolescents, Steven Bruce, Emily Hu, Kaylin Jones Dec 2012

Child Maltreatment And Bullying: Examining The Experiences Of Lgb Children And Adolescents, Steven Bruce, Emily Hu, Kaylin Jones

Steven Bruce

Child Maltreatment and Bullying: Examining the Experiences of LGB Children and Adolescents Research on sexual minority populations has traditionally focused on trauma exposure and etiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within adults who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB). Indeed, multiple studies have found that LGB adults consistently report higher rates of trauma than their heterosexual counterparts, including the experience of hate crimes and verbal and/or physical harassment [1]. However, LGB individuals do not experience trauma only in adulthood; many suffer years of child physical abuse (CPA) and child sexual abuse (CSA) within the home.

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28. Right And Righteous: Children's Incipient Understanding Of True And False Statements, Thomas D. Lyon, Jodi A. Quas, Nathalie Carrick Dec 2012

28. Right And Righteous: Children's Incipient Understanding Of True And False Statements, Thomas D. Lyon, Jodi A. Quas, Nathalie Carrick

Thomas D. Lyon

Two studies examined young children's early understanding and evaluation of truth-telling and lying, and the role that factuality plays in their judgments. Study 1 (104 2- to 5-year-olds) found that even the youngest children reliably accepted true statements and rejected false statements, and that older children's ability to label true and false statements as "truth" and "lie" emerged in tandem with their positive evaluation of true statements and "truth" and their negative evaluation of false statements and "lie." The findings suggest that children's early preference for factuality develops into a conception of "truth" and "lie" that is linked both to …

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Overweight, Obesity, And Neighborhood Characteristics Among Postpartum Latinas, Colleen Keller, Michael Todd, Barbara Ainsworth, Kathryn Records, Sonia Vega-Lopez, Paska Permana, Dean Coonrod, Allison Nagle Williams Dec 2012

Overweight, Obesity, And Neighborhood Characteristics Among Postpartum Latinas, Colleen Keller, Michael Todd, Barbara Ainsworth, Kathryn Records, Sonia Vega-Lopez, Paska Permana, Dean Coonrod, Allison Nagle Williams

Kathryn Records

Background. Weight gain during the childbearing years and failure to lose pregnancy weight after birth contribute to the development of obesity in Latinas. Design and Methods. Madres para la Salud (Mothers for Health) is a 12-month prospective, randomized controlled trial exploring a social support intervention with moderate-intensity physical activity to effect changes in body fat, systemic and fat tissue inflammation, and depression symptoms in sedentary postpartum Latinas. This paper describes the initial body composition of the sample, social support, and neighborhood contextual correlations of overweight and obese Latina mothers within the first 6 months after birth. Results. The mean body …

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Symptom Severity, Symptom Attribution, And Preference For Assistance While Taking Chemotherapy Or Targeted Agents, Sandra Spoelstra Dec 2012

Symptom Severity, Symptom Attribution, And Preference For Assistance While Taking Chemotherapy Or Targeted Agents, Sandra Spoelstra

Sandra L. Spoelstra, PhD, RN, FGSA, FAAN

Significance: When taking oral agents, patients need to manage symptoms so that they do not become so severe that it leads to decreased function and difficulty with activities of daily living, and reducing or stopping the medication, rendering the cancer treatment ineffective.
 
Problem & Purpose: Over fifty oral anti-cancer agents are currently on the market, and within three years, 25% of treatment will be delivered in pill form, shifting treatment to the responsibility of patients. This study describes symptoms from oral agents, attribution of symptoms, and preference for assistance. 
 
Framework: Not applicable.
 
Methods: Thirty cancer patients taking …

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Development Of A Risk Index To Predict Transfers From Home And Community-Based Waiver Programs To Nursing Homes: Can Care Managers Assist Older Adults To Delay Nursing Home Placement?, Sandra Spoelstra Dec 2012

Development Of A Risk Index To Predict Transfers From Home And Community-Based Waiver Programs To Nursing Homes: Can Care Managers Assist Older Adults To Delay Nursing Home Placement?, Sandra Spoelstra

Sandra L. Spoelstra, PhD, RN, FGSA, FAAN

Purpose: This research examines the risk of nursing home placement (NHP) among an inception cohort of 6525 older adults entering a statewide home and community-based waiver program between 2002—2007.
 
Background: With adults aged 65 and older currently comprising 15% of the population and growing exponentially, concern is mounting as to how to care for this group. It will be important to deliver high-quality care tailored to the needs of clients in order to allow these individuals to remain living in the community. Most older adults prefer to remain in their homes but are forced to transfer to NHs because …

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Determining Preferences For Symptom Management Assistance While Taking Oral Anti-Cancer Agent Pills, Sandra Spoelstra Dec 2012

Determining Preferences For Symptom Management Assistance While Taking Oral Anti-Cancer Agent Pills, Sandra Spoelstra

Sandra L. Spoelstra, PhD, RN, FGSA, FAAN

Nearly 50 oral anti-cancer agents are on the market, and it’s projected that in 3 years, 25% of chemotherapy will be delivered in pill form. Thus, patients must take responsibility for managing symptoms at home. This was an 8-week exploratory study of cancer patients on oral agents from 3 cancer centers in the Midwest. Baseline interviews collected characteristics, type/stage of cancer, symptoms, and comorbid conditions. Patients were asked preference for information to help manage symptoms. Mean age was 65.2 years, 50% were Female, 87% Caucasian and 13% African American. Preference for obtaining symptom management information included: 37% phone calls, 27% …

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Progression From New Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Colonisation To Infection: An Observational Study In A Hospital Cohort, Michelle Nd Balm, Andrew A. Lover, Sharon Salmon, Paul A. Tambyah, Dale A. Fisher Dec 2012

Progression From New Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Colonisation To Infection: An Observational Study In A Hospital Cohort, Michelle Nd Balm, Andrew A. Lover, Sharon Salmon, Paul A. Tambyah, Dale A. Fisher

Andrew Lover

Background
Patients newly colonised with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are at higher risk of clinical MRSA infection. At present, there are limited data on the duration or magnitude of this risk in a hospital population with a known time of MRSA acquisition.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study of 909 adult patients known to have newly identified MRSA colonisation during admission to National University Hospital, Singapore between 1 July 2007 and 30 June 2011 was undertaken. Patients were excluded if they had history of previous MRSA colonisation or infection, or if they had been a hospital inpatient in the preceding 12 …

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Finalarticleinpressruralhealthqrseh.Pdf, Rebecca Busanich Dec 2012

Finalarticleinpressruralhealthqrseh.Pdf, Rebecca Busanich

Rebecca Busanich

No abstract provided.

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