Digital Commons Network^™

Antioxidant Status, Antihyperlipidemic Activity, And Serum Electrolyte Levels In Dexamethasone-Induced Oxidative Stress In Wistar Rats Treated With Vitamin E, Idara Asuquo Okon, Justin Atiang Beshel, Daniel Udofia Owu

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objectives: Dexamethasone (Dex) is an anti-inflammatory drug with serious side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate, antioxidants status, antihyperlipidemic activity, and serum electrolyte levels of rats treated with Vitamin E in Dex-induced oxidative stress. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats of both sexes were assigned to four groups (n = 6). The control group was fed with standard rat feed and water, while Dex group received 30 μg/kg of Dex. Vitamin E group received 300 IU/kg of vitamin E, while Dex + Vitamin E group received 30 μg/kg of Dex and 300 IU/kg of vitamin E. After 14 …

A New Antidiabetic Polyherbal Formulation For Diabetes, Sadish Kumar Shanmugam, Praveen Kumar Gaur, Deepak Kumar

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Synergism is a well-known concept in Herbal therapies. Polyherbal aqueous extract (PH-AE) containing Gymnema sylvestre (GS), Momordica charantia, Syzygium cumini, and Mangifera indica was evaluated for Antidiabetic activity. Objective: In our continuous research, an attempt has been made to explore GS aqueous extract (GS-AE) and its Polyherbal composite for diabetes to achieve greater efficacy. Methods: The antidiabetic activity was assessed in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats and histopathological changes in Pancreas were documented after screening acute toxicity of both extracts. Results: Chromatographic separation and identification of GS-AE revealed the presence of Saponins and glycosides, which have also been confirmed in …

Diversity And Lipolytic Activity Of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Fermented Foods And Plant Materials In Thailand, Sujitra Techo, Nattakorn Kuncharoen, Somboon Tanasupawat

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) originated from fermented foods, are generally known to possess the lipolytic activity which provides the desirable flavor of the products. However, the researches on their lipolytic activity are limited. Therefore, LAB with lipolytic activity derived from traditional fermented foods and plants in Thailand were isolated and identified based on the phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequences. The isolates were identified as Lactiplantibacillus pentosus (four isolates), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (three isolates), Limosilactobacillus fermentum (four isolates), Enterococcus hirae (two isolates), and each isolate of Lactiplantibacillus paraplantarum, Companilactobacillus tucceti, Companilactobacillus farciminis, Lacticaseibacillus porcinae, Lactobacillus amylovorus, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Enterococcus …

The Successful Treatment Of Brevundimonas Diminuta Using Ceftriaxone, In A Patient On Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis: A Case Report And Literature Review, Sukrit Kanchanasurakit, Natnicha Woranithipokin, Piyakamol Teeranaew, Natthawee Kaewrattanapatthama, Chotirat Nakaranurack

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Brevundimonas diminuta (B. diminuta) is found in the health-care environment and in the community. At present, there are few reports of infections caused by this microorganism, especially in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). A 44-year-old woman undergoing CAPD was diagnosed with a B. diminuta infection. Ceftriaxone was given both intravenously and intraperitoneally. After treatment with ceftriaxone, the peritoneal dialysis fluid white cell count, neutrophil count, and symptoms improved. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of a B. diminuta infection in a patient had undergoing CAPD in Thailand

The Effects Of Exogenous Virilizing Testosterone On Strength Training And Self-Compassion In Transgender Nonbinary Individuals, Nadine Sikora

All NMU Master's Theses

Previous exercise science research has excluded transgender nonbinary individuals from their studies. Exercise has been shown to improve symptoms of depression and anxiety as well as improve body composition. Purpose: Identify the impacts of exogenous testosterone on relative strength and levels of self-compassion in transgender nonbinary individuals. Methods: Eighteen untrained individuals (6 transgender nonbinary, 6 ciswomen, and 6 cismen, mean age of 23.7 ± 3.5 years) were recruited and randomly assigned to an 8-week resistance training group or a non-exercise control group. Participants completed a 12-question survey of self-compassion followed by, assessment of strength for chest and leg …

Complexity Of Implementing Harm Reduction Services In Community Hospitals: A Two-Phase Qualitative Study, Kanittha Nimsakul, Puckwipa Suwannaprom, Siritree Suttajit

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objective: Regardless of effective harm reduction services (HRS) in Thanyarak Hospital, difficulties exist while implementing them in community hospitals. This study aimed to investigate the complexities of HRS implementation in two community hospitals in Mae Hong Son. Methods: Phase 1, in-depth interviews were conducted with 21 participants to investigate the complexity of HRS dissemination. An interview guide was developed from the seven domains of the Non-adoption, Abandonment, Scale-up, Spread, and Sustainability framework, and thematic analysis was used. Phase 2 involved two rounds of a Delphi technique with 17 experts to evaluate the HRS’s complexity level (complex, complicated, simple). Results: Although …

Functional Characterization Of The Toxoplasma Gondii Endolysosomal System, Leah Brock Thornton

All Dissertations

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that can infect a wide range of mammalian hosts. T. gondii can cause severe disease in immunocompromised individuals as well as pregnant women, in which congenital toxoplasmosis can lead to spontaneous abortion and fetal blindness. T. gondii infects up to roughly one-third of the global human population and is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis. Given this health burden of toxoplasmosis and that antibiotics currently used for the treatment of infection lead to strong side effects, identification of parasite-specific targets are necessary for novel therapeutic strategies.

T. gondii parasites contain a dynamic and active …

Conformational Selection Governs Carrier Domain Positioning In Staphylococcus Aureus Pyruvate Carboxylase, Joshua H. Hakala, Amanda J. Laseke, Anya Lei Koza, Martin St. Maurice

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Biotin-dependent enzymes employ a carrier domain to efficiently transport reaction intermediates between distant active sites. The translocation of this carrier domain is critical to the interpretation of kinetic and structural studies, but there have been few direct attempts to investigate the dynamic interplay between ligand binding and carrier domain positioning in biotin-dependent enzymes. Pyruvate carboxylase (PC) catalyzes the MgATP-dependent carboxylation of pyruvate where the biotinylated carrier domain must translocate ∼70 Å from the biotin carboxylase domain to the carboxyltransferase domain. Many prior studies have assumed that carrier domain movement is governed by ligand-induced conformational changes, but the mechanism underlying this …

Human Cryptosporidiosis: A Review And Staining Method, Amatullah Ahmad

Honors College

Cryptosporidiosis is increasingly emerging as the most significant cause of infectious diarrhea in humans and livestock. In humans, studies show that Cryptosporidiosis disease is more prevalent in the immunocompromised and young ones. However, outbreaks from contaminated water sources have caused disease in healthy adults, too. Two main species of the protozoan causative agent,Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium hominis are responsible for most human infections. Cattle, pets, mice, and other livestock can transmit theCryptosporidiumparvumvariantsto humans through fecal transmission. Other species of Cryptosporidium can infect domestic animals, but their host range is narrow; therefore, they are not of significant concern to human health. …

Linkind Deadwood Inhabiting Fungi To Carbon Dioxide Flux Of Decomposing Coarse Woody Debris, Elyse Daub

Honors College

The decomposition of wood is driven by a combination of abiotic and biotic factors, the most influential of them all are fungi. These decomposer fungi use the wood for food, digesting woody material to absorb nutrients and release carbon dioxide. Fungi are the primary drivers of decomposition in most terrestrial ecosystems; thus, the rate and degree of decomposition are greatly dependent on the community of fungi found on woody debris. However, little is known about which fungi decompose woody debris most efficiently. This study aims to investigate the decomposer fungi in the Bear Brook Watershed via molecular techniques and quantify …

Description, Diversity, And Phylogeography Of The North American Spider Beetle (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) Genus Coleotestudo, Robert Chambliss

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

A new genus, Coleotestudo, is proposed for the American species currently placed in the genus Niptus LeConte and are transferred herein. Two new species from Mexico are also described as C. potosi n. sp. and C. nahua n. sp. Distinguishing morphological characteristics for the North American Coleotestudo species are given. The combined set of morphological evidence, DNA sequence data, and a Western New World distribution strongly support the hypothesis that Coleotestudo does not share a recent common ancestor with N. hololeucus and both represent unrelated clades of spider beetles.

During the summer of 2021, Coleotestudo was collected mainly from …

Writing An Existential Novel: An Environmental And Philosophical Exploration, Julia Whinston

Honors College

Halfway Through the Wood is a creative project guided by the question, does nature have intrinsic ethical, philosophical, and/or spiritual value, or do we project it there? As a subsidiary question, is our relationship with nature akin to our relationship with ourselves? The novel begins with a “man versus nature” conflict, exploring human relationships to land, then moves on to a conversation about self, which ultimately leads to an incredulous/existential discourse about interconnectedness. The novel explores the implications of experiencing grief alongside natural systems, and concludes that enmeshing oneself within a natural system is vital for discovering meaning after experiencing …

Evaluation Of Energy Release From Wildfires Across The Elevation Gradient, Isabelle Rose Butler

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Wildfires are an integral process in vegetative terrestrial land which shape ecosystem functions. A warming climate, however, has increased the size and severity of fires with significant ecosystem and societal implications. Furthermore, warming has changed characteristics of wildfires enabling a median upslope advance of 252 m in high-elevation forest fires from 1984 to 2017, allowing wildfires to burn in areas that were previously too wet to burn frequently. This exposed an additional 81,500 square kilometers (11%) of western US montane forests to fires.

In this thesis, I test the hypothesis that wildfires burn more intensely in high-elevation mesic forests than …

Cytochrome C: A Potential Early Biomarker Of Diabetic Retinopathy, Ileana G. Villarreal

Biology Dissertations and Theses

Diabetic retinopathy is an ocular disease which appears in patients who experience progression of diabetes mellitus over a continuous period of time. Oftentimes, patients remain undiagnosed through the first stages of diabetic retinopathy due to the fact that there is not a specific way to determine when a patient develops the disease. Ophthalmologists and other eye specialists diagnose a patient with diabetic retinopathy once the patient begins to show progressed symptoms of the disease. Previous experiments have been performed to increase our knowledge of diabetic retinopathy and early biomarkers of the disease. Several studies have determined the effects of diabetic …

Bacterial Chondronecrosis With Osteomyelitis In Broilers: Genomics, Phylogenomics, And Methods To Detect Specific Pathogens During Outbreaks., Abdulkarim Abdulaziz A. Shwani

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Lameness is a major issue in animal welfare and the broiler industry. Bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) is one of the main causes of lameness. Many staphylococcal species, including Staphylococcus agnetis isolate 908, have been isolated from the bones and blood of lame broilers at the University of Arkansas. Staphylococcus agnetis is a coagulase-variable, Gram-positive bacterial species that has been previously associated with subclinical or mild clinical cases of mastitis in dairy cattle. The annotated complete genome of hypervirulent strain 908 was published at NCBI. In this study, it has been compared to nine genomes we assembled for hypervirulent isolates …

Histomonosis In Turkeys – Factors Influencing Transmission, Pathogenesis, And The Search For Prophylactic Or Therapeutic Compounds, Thainá Landim De Barros

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The incidence of histomonosis has been increasing in poultry since the ban of prophylactic and therapeutic compounds. Histomonosis is caused by the protozoa Histomonas meleagridis. The objective of this dissertation was to investigate factors impacting the pathogenesis and transmission of histomonosis and to evaluate compounds that could potentially prevent or reduce the severity of histomonosis in turkeys. In the first study, the effect of sodium chlorate and sodium nitrate on reducing histomonads growth was tested in vitro and added to a basal turkey diet. A decrease in the growth of histomonads in vitro was observed, but no in vivo effect …

The Effect Of Water Management And Ratoon Rice Cropping On Methane Emissions And Harvest Yield In Arkansas, Marguerita Leavitt

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Sustainable intensification of rice farming is crucial to meeting human food needs while reducing environmental impacts. Rice produces 8% of all anthropogenic CH4, which is a potent greenhouse gas. CH4 emissions can potentially be reduced by cultivation practices that minimize the number of days the fields are saturated, such as dry-seeding instead of water-seeding and irrigation using the alternate wetting and drying (AWD) technique instead of delayed, continuous flooding (DF). Ratoon cropping, wherein a second crop of rice is grown from the harvested stubble of the first crop, can be used to produce additional yield with minimal labor, but may …

The Role Of Microbiota On Campylobacter Jejuni Colonization And Growth Performance In Broiler Chickens, Ayidh Almansour

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The successful poultry production at modern era comes from the vertical integratedindustrialization, which has fundamentally changed how animals have been living for millions of years. Antimicrobial growth promoters have been used to sustain the efficient industrialized animal production, driving antimicrobial overuse and resistance. Because of the increasing pressure from consumer’s concerns and government regulations, it is urgent to develop antimicrobial free alternatives as growth promoters in poultry production, but few effective antimicrobial alternatives are currently available. Campylobacter jejuni is one of the worldwide prevalent foodborne bacterial pathogens mainly transmitted from poultry. However, few mechanisms are available on why C. jejuni …

Habitability, And Evolution Of Microorganisms Under Extreme Conditions, Azarin Yazdani

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The choice of a solvent determines the possible biochemistry of life. Life on Earth is based on carbon biochemistry and has evolved in an environment with water as a solvent. As a polar solvent abundant on Earth, water has unique physical properties, including a large range of liquidity and low viscosity, making it a very good solvent for terrestrial life. Liquids other than water are abundant in the universe, and the chemical nature of these liquids might lead to different chemistries of life. In the first chapter, we review the main characteristics of a good solvent, and then we use …

Validation Of Whole Genome Resequencing For Mapping The Genetics Of Ascites In Broilers And Viral Susceptibility In Layers, Katherine Pepper Lee

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation focused on the efficacy and validity of whole genome resequencing (WGR) for fine mapping genetic determinants of particular traits in a given organism. Previously, our research group used WGR to identify haplotype blocks of single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with ascites resistance with some as strong candidates for use in marker-assisted selection (MAS). Chapter 2 discusses the completion of a MAS project through evaluation of ascites incidence as well as production traits of economic value to poultry producers. Thus, the MAS project also covered viability of this methodology in the industry. The MAS significantly reduced ascites incidence in broilers …

An Ims-Ms/Md Workflow For Determining Higher Order Structure And Dynamics Of Nucleic Acids, Rebecca D'Esposito

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Ion mobility spectrometry - mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) has potential for the investigation of structure and dynamics in large biopolymers, which will come to full fruition only with a firmer understanding of how to interpret the experimental data. Numerous studies have employed elements of nucleic acid (NA) secondary structure, such as duplexes and hairpins, to explore the relationships between structure, experimental conditions, and actual observations. When combined with molecular dynamics simulations (MDS), IMS-MS can be effectively employed to perform structural elucidation of biomolecules that are not readily amenable to established techniques employed for structural analysis.

Parallel Networks That Govern The Transcriptional Response To Stress, Serene Anne Durham

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The transcription factor, p53, plays a pivotal role in the oversight of many stimulus-dependent pathways. Its ability to respond to a wide variety of cellular stress stimuli by activating a broad range of target genes has led it to be characterized as a stress-dependent transcription factor. Our research focuses on deconvoluting the varied transcriptional response to distinct stress signals in an attempt to define the regulatory strategies leading to gene activation after cell stress. We have found that distinct stress response networks, some of which are p53-independent, are converging at activation of a common set of target genes. Our data …

N6-Methyladenosine Rna Modifications In Myogenesis / Narrative Competence And Cognitive Mapping As A Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy In The Education Of Emergent Bilinguals, Marina Danielle Infantado

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Myogenesis involves skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs) that produce and regenerate skeletal muscle during regular growth and repair. However, when this system fails to function normally, it can lead to musculoskeletal diseases like Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). Therefore, it is important to study the molecular mechanisms behind this developmental process in order to seek therapies and solutions for these types of diseases. Our interest lies in the field of epitranscriptomics, which focuses on post-transcriptional ribonucleic acid (RNA) modifications, particularly N6-methyladenosine (m6A), which involves the addition of a methyl group to the adenosine nucleotide, a process that is mediated by the …

Amyloid Fibril Formation And Polymorphism : A Critical Role Of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acid Residues, Tatiana Quiñones-Ruiz

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Protein aggregation that results in the formation of amyloid fibrils has been linked to many neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. The sulfur atoms in methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys) residues of proteins can be readily oxidized, significantly affecting their properties. Oxidation of sulfur-containing amino acids has recently been shown to affect protein fibrillation. This work presents novel findings on Cys and Met redox reactions that are related to the formation of amyloid fibrils and on the polymorphism of a model fibrillogenic protein, hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL). Biophysical techniques including Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, electron paramagnetic …

Evaluation Of The Feeding Value Of Proso Millet In Growing-Finishing Diets For Pigs And Effects Of Feed Ingredients And Medium-Chain Fatty Acids On Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Prrsv) Survivability, Khang Nguyen

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The objective of the project were to: 1) evaluate the feeding value of proso millet as a potential substitute for corn in corn-soybean meal-based diets for pigs; and 2) investigate the relationship between feed ingredients and virus survivability, followed by examining feed additive candidates that could mitigate the risk of transmission of viral pathogens.

In Exp. 1, 36 barrows were fed 1 of 4 dietary treatments, including: Diet 1, corn-soybean meal-based (control), and Diets 2, 3, and 4 had proso millet replacing 33%, 67%, and 100% of corn in the control diet, respectively. During Phase 3, pigs consuming the proso …

Exploring Generativity In Young Adults: A Grounded Theory Study, Addison Sellon

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education and Communication: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Scholarship

Generativity expresses one’s level of care and concern for the next generation (Erikson, 1950, 1963). Initially established as a middle adulthood phenomenon, generativity has long been rooted in a middle adulthood framework both conceptually and through its psychometric dimensions. However, many studies have found generativity to be present in other stages of life, particularly young adulthood. This then raised the question of whether the traditional model used for generativity’s manifestation represents young adults’ experiences. This study sought further to explore generativity’s manifestation in a way that is specific to young adults. Applying traditional grounded theory techniques, the present research reanalyzed …

Chesapeake Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve In Virginia Management Plan: 2022-2027, W. G. Reay, J. Baber, H. Brooks, A. Demeo, C. T. Friedrichs, C. Gonzales, J. Kuriawa, T. Hooper, S. Lerberg, E. J. Miles, B. Neikirk, S. Nuss, L. Ott, D. Parrish, T. Rudo, E C. Shields, S. Snyder, S. Wood

Reports

Established through the Coastal Zone Management Act, the National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRS) represents a partnership program between the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the coastal states to promote informed management of the Nation’s estuaries and habitats. Designated in 1991, and administered by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) of William & Mary, the Chesapeake Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in Virginia (CBNERR-VA or Reserve) is one of 30 protected areas, which encompass over 1.3 million acres and make up the NERRS.

As the nation's largest estuary, the Chesapeake Bay contains a diverse collection of habitats …

Environmental Weed Risk Assessment Protocol For Growing Non-Indigenous Plants In The Western Australian Rangelands, Geoff A. Moore Mr, Christine Munday Ms, Papori Barua Dr

Bulletins 4000 -

This bulletin is a post-border environmental weed risk assessment (WRA) protocol which is based on the Environmental WRA Protocol developed for the Future Farm Industries Co-operative Research Centre (FFI CRC), but with some changes to reflect the different environment and objectives.

The WRA protocol was developed specifically as a post-border assessment of non-indigenous species that may have agricultural value in the WA rangelands and the risk that they may become environmental weeds. Weeds can occur in many land-use systems including agriculture, horticulture and forestry; however, the focus of this protocol is on the risk that non-indigenous agricultural plants may become …

Investigations Of The Potential For Irrigated Agriculture On The Bonaparte Plains: Hydrogeology, Aquifer Properties And Groundwater Chemistry, Don Bennett, Paul Raper, Robert Paul, Tim Pope, Richard J. George Dr

Resource management technical reports

‘Cockatoo Sands’ is a common name for the Cockatoo Sands family of soils (comprising red to yellowish-red sands, sandy earths, and loamy earths) that have formed from quartz sandstone colluviums in relatively isolated patches throughout the East Kimberley region of Western Australia and the Northern Territory. Cockatoo Sands are recognised as potentially suitable for irrigated agriculture because they are generally well drained and not subject to waterlogging or inundation. These characteristics allow them to be cultivated and prepared for planting various crops during the wet and dry seasons of northern Australia.

Expanding agricultural production onto the Cockatoo Sands around Kununurra …

Decoding The Tumor And Immune Microenvironment In Pdac And Breast Cancer By Single Cell Sequencing., Aislyn Schalck

Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)

This work utilizes single cell RNA sequencing to identify transcriptional populations and gene changes for the purpose of immune-related cancer therapies. First we have characterized the T cell populations of the normal and malignant human pancreas. Furthermore, we utilized single cell TCR sequencing to track transcriptional states of T cell clones from human PDACs into a T cell culture product for adoptive cell therapy. Second, we examined the potential role of radiotherapy in inducing an immune response in hormone receptor positive breast tumors.