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Economics Of Covid-19 In Class Work 9 Covid-19 And Race Part 2, Sara Gundersen

Economics Faculty Publications

This contains the ninth in class handout from The Economics of COVID-19, which was taught in fall 2020.

Economics Of Covid-19 In Class Work 9 Covid-19 And Race Part 2, Sara Gundersen

Economics Faculty Publications

This contains the ninth in class handout from The Economics of COVID-19, which was taught in fall 2020.

When The Great Equalizer Shuts Down: Schools, Peers, And Parents In Pandemic Time, Francesco Agostinelli, Matthias Doepke, Giuseppe Sorrenti, Fabrizio Zilibotti

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

What are the effects of school closures during the Covid-19 pandemic on children’s education? Online education is an imperfect substitute for in-person learning, particularly for children from low-income families. Peer effects also change: schools allow children from different socio-economic backgrounds to mix together, and this effect is lost when schools are closed. Another factor is the response of parents, some of whom compensate for the changed environment through their own efforts, while others are unable to do so. We examine the interaction of these factors with the aid of a structural model of skill formation. We find that school closures …

Emotions And Decisions In The Real World: What Can We Learn From Quasi-Field Experiments?, Syon Bhanot, D. Chang, J. L. Cunningham, M. Ranson

Economics Faculty Works

Researchers in the social sciences have increasingly studied how emotions influence decision-making. We argue that research on emotions arising naturally in real-world environments is critical for the generalizability of insights in this domain, and therefore to the development of this field. Given this, we argue for the increased use of the “quasi-field experiment” methodology, in which participants make decisions or complete tasks after as-if-random real-world events determine their emotional state. We begin by providing the first critical review of this emerging literature, which shows that real-world events provide emotional shocks that are at least as strong as what can ethically …

Surviving Variable Yields And Prices, Kara Zimmerman, Cory Walters, Jessica Groskopf, Matt Stockton, Kate Brooks

Cornhusker Economics

A marketing strategy focusing on prices from the most re-cent past, indirectly gives little or no weight to all of the other possible price outcomes. While it is intuitive that the most recent prices are more likely to play a role in our decision-making process, there are other price events that can happen. The seasonal price path from the 2019/2020 crop year was nothing like we have recently experienced. Sup-pose we entered the 2020’s marketing decision using a seasonal approach that considers only the average price series over the past 5 years (2015-19 average), Figure 1. The seasonal average indicates …

Mortgage Discrimination And District Manipulation: Deterrents To Minority Mobility, Megan M. Rice

Honors Theses

This paper explores the relationship between gerrymandering and home loan discrimination. Gerrymandering, the process of manipulating district plans for political gain, and discrimination in mortgage lending are both illegal; and yet, they still occur in today’s society. By using individual loan application data from the HMDA’s website, a series of regressions will be run using applicant characteristics to measure loan discrimination at the state level. Once a state level model has been constructed, a measure of gerrymandering called the Efficiency Gap will be added into the regression in order to explore the relationship between home loan discrimination and gerrymandering. Regression …

A Capital Asset Pricing Model With Idiosyncratic Risk And The Sources Of The Beta Anomaly, Mark Schneider, Manuel A. Nunez

ESI Working Papers

We introduce a generalization of the classical capital asset pricing model in which market uncertainty, market sentiment, and forms of idiosyncratic volatility and idiosyncratic skewness are priced in equilibrium. We derive two versions of the model, one based on a representative agent who cares about three criteria (risk, robustness, and expected returns), and the other with a microfoundation based on three types of investors (speculators, hedgers, and arbitrageurs). We apply the resulting capital asset pricing model with idiosyncratic risk (IR-CAPM) to provide a new theoretical account of the beta anomaly, one of the most fundamental and widely studied empirical limitations …

Working Paper No. 46, Foundations For Feminist Legal Theory, Taylor Feltham

Working Papers in Economics

This inquiry seeks to establish the foundations for Feminist Legal Theory through considering its three important dimensions. These dimensions are: a) a distinct and unique historical background; b) an ongoing legacy of occupational segregation; and c) a persistence of gender inequality. This inquiry relies heavily upon Feminist Legal Theory: A Primer (2016) authored by Nancy Levit, et al. Since the emergence of the area of inquiry known as “critical race feminism,” feminist legal theory has been moving away from the principle of formal equality and towards intersectional equity. Feminist legal theorists like Angela Harris (1990), in her work Race and …

Working Paper No. 47, The Transformation Of Developmental States: Patterns Of Economic Development In South Korea And Taiwan, Mina Kim

Working Papers in Economics

This inquiry considers similar yet contrasting patterns in the economic development of South Korea and Taiwan. Taiwan’s developmental state has tended to exhibit ‘softer’ characteristics than South Korea’s. I identify a tendency for when developmental states face crises and then transition forward to a ‘post-developmental state’. This is traced to the internal 'paradox of success' and external pressure of neoliberal globalization. Though these two countries tend to embrace and rely upon neoliberal policies for economic growth, the speed and degree of systemic change register as different. A 1997 financial crisis appears to have goaded South Korea to move quickly through …

Working Paper No. 48, Struggle Over China, Joshua Stanfill

Working Papers in Economics

This inquiry seeks to establish that after Dr. Sun Yat-sen thought through and then laid the foundations for the modern Chinese state, a struggle for power emerged between those identifying as nationalists and communists. Sun’s ideas regarding some of the effects of western imperialism on Asian countries were shared by both the Chinese Communist Party and the Nationalist Party under Chiang Kai-shek. The ideological bases for the struggle between the two parties for China emerged in their beliefs regarding relationships between government and citizens, and the role of the government. Soon after Dr. Sun’s death, a struggle for power over …

Working Paper No. 45, An Intellectual History Of Josiah Warren, Jaye Balentine

Working Papers in Economics

This inquiry seeks to establish that Josiah Warren (1798-1874) developed a synthesis of anti-capitalist economics and radical individualism which became a unique, yet highly practical strand of anarchism in the United States. This inquiry relies heavily upon Crispin Sartwell’s The Practical Anarchist: Writings of Josiah Warren (2011) for insight into Warren’s contributions. Warren registers as distinct because of his relative isolation from other anarchist thinkers, existing largely as a lone practitioner operating in the western territories of the United States during middle-part of the 19th century. This inquiry considers Warren’s philosophical views as well as his practical program—namely his doctrines …

Explaining The Nonlinear Response Of Stock Markets To Oil Price Shocks, Diego Escobari, Shahil Sharma

Economics and Finance Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper is set to reconcile the existent conflicting empirical evidence on the effect of oil prices on stock prices. We estimate various nonlinear models where the response changes according to a first-order Markov switching process. More importantly, we model the transition probabilities between the high- and low-response regimes to depend on state variables to allow us to explain the forces behind the asymmetry in the response. The results show statistically significant asymmetries that can be explained by economic recessions and to a lower extent depend on the magnitude of the oil price shift and on whether the shift is …

Sustainability In The Fashion Industry: Two Case Studies Highlighting Consumer Purchasing Actions Related To Brand Sustainability, Allison Zhang

Environmental Studies Senior Seminar Projects

The rise of competition in the fashion industry has called for companies to differentiate themselves. One way of differentiation that has been seen in recent years is an increase in sustainable and environmentally friendly practices. This paper explores the use of press releases by fashion companies to see if the releases impact the companies’ bottom line. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if sustainability related press releases impact consumers in the United States decision making in purchasing products or supporting certain brands or companies. To conduct this study, yearly and quarterly financial data was collected to find trends …

Financial Reporting And Moral Sentiments, Radhika Lunawat, Timothy W. Shields, Gregory B. Waymire

ESI Working Papers

Dating back at least to Adam Smith (1790), philosophers and researchers expect that people will behave differently when they know their actions are observable to others. We hypothesize that financial reporting reveals managers’ actions and leads them to take different actions that are better aligned with investor interests. We posit that the reason why is the activation of our internal mental self-evaluation that Smith refers to as an “Impartial Spectator.” We test this hypothesis with an experiment in which we manipulate the availability of a financial report that makes managerial actions transparent. Our evidence shows that financial reporting leads a …

St. Cloud Area Quarterly Business Report, Vol. 22, No. 4, King Banaian, Richard Macdonald

St. Cloud Area Quarterly Business Report

The St. Cloud area economy remains in recession as the uneven effects of the COVID-19 pandemic continue to plague the local labor market. While some local sectors are experiencing uninterrupted strong growth, the virus’ impact on the leisure/hospitality and other services sectors is creating historic existential challenges for some area firms. Overall local employment was 3.4 percent lower in October 2020 than it was one year earlier, but this is a clear improvement from what was seen in the June St. Cloud Area Quarterly Business Report (at which time an 11.5 percent year-over-year decline in area employment was reported). The …

Thaw Publications, Carl Landwehr, David Kotz

Computer Science Technical Reports

In 2013, the National Science Foundation's Secure and Trustworthy Cyberspace program awarded a Frontier grant to a consortium of four institutions, led by Dartmouth College, to enable trustworthy cybersystems for health and wellness. As of this writing, the Trustworthy Health and Wellness (THaW) project's bibliography includes more than 130 significant publications produced with support from the THaW grant; these publications document the progress made on many fronts by the THaW research team. The collection includes dissertations, theses, journal papers, conference papers, workshop contributions and more. The bibliography is organized as a Zotero library, which provides ready access to citation materials …

Livestock Indemnity Program: A Case For Managing Risk With Good Recordkeeping, Jay Parsons

Cornhusker Economics

Keeping good records is an important risk management tool for agricultural producers. Good records provide accurate, complete and consistent information that leads to better decision making. Good records also keep the farm or ranch operation in a good position to participate in USDA programs when those opportunities are available.

The Livestock Indemnity Program (LIP), one of the USDA disaster assistance programs administered by the Farm Service Agency (FSA), is an example of how good recordkeeping can be rewarded. LIP provides compensation to eligible livestock producers who have suffered livestock death losses in excess of normal mortality due to adverse weather, …

Economics Of Covid-19 In Class Work 13 Creative Industries, Sara Gundersen

Economics Faculty Publications

This contains the thirteenth in class handout from The Economics of COVID-19, which was taught in fall 2020.

Economics Of Covid-19 In Class Work 12 Small Businesses, Sara Gundersen

Economics Faculty Publications

This contains the twelfth in class handout from The Economics of COVID-19, which was taught in fall 2020.

Economics Of Covid-19 In Class Work 11 Winners, Sara Gundersen

Economics Faculty Publications

This contains the eleventh in class handout from The Economics of COVID-19, which was taught in fall 2020.

Economics Of Covid-19 In Class Work 14 Trade And Public Goods, Sara Gundersen

Economics Faculty Publications

This contains the fourteenth in class handout from The Economics of COVID-19, which was taught in fall 2020.

Economics Of Covid-19 In Class Work 13 Creative Industries, Sara Gundersen

Economics Faculty Publications

This contains the thirteenth in class handout from The Economics of COVID-19, which was taught in fall 2020.

Economics Of Covid-19 In Class Work 14 Trade And Public Goods, Sara Gundersen

Economics Faculty Publications

This contains the fourteenth in class handout from The Economics of COVID-19, which was taught in fall 2020.

Economics Of Covid-19 In Class Work 13 Creative Industries, Sara Gundersen

Economics Faculty Publications

This contains the thirteenth in class handout from The Economics of COVID-19, which was taught in fall 2020.

Professor Seeborg Says Covid Drives Retirements, But It's Not Best Time For Everyone, Dana Vollmer

Interviews for WGLT

On average, about 2 million people retire annually, but the Pew Research Center reports for 2020 that figure is already more than 3.2 million. Emeritus Professor of Ecconomics Mike Seeborg said that's a major reversal in the prior trend of delaying retirement, and talks about what's driving this change with WGLT's Dana Vollmer.

Quantitative Description Of The Pastoral Economy Of Western Tuvan Nomads, Paul L. Hooper

ESI Publications

Nomadic pastoralism persists at a substantial scale in Tuva and neighboring regions of Inner Asia. Tuvan pastoral lifeways reflect adaptations to both local environments and current economic realities. Much of our quantitative understanding of the economics of Tuvan nomads is derived from data collected in the first half of the 20th century. Accordingly, this paper provides an updated picture of the inner workings of nomadic households using data collected in Barun-Khemchik and Bai-Taiga provinces in 2013–2015. It analyzes herd composition and size, and compares the frequency of different animals kept today with values recorded in Tuva in 1916 and 1931. …

A Model Of Crisis Management, Fei Li, Jidong Zhou

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We propose a model of how multiple societies respond to a common crisis. A government faces a “damned-either-way” policy-making dilemma: aggressive intervention contains the crisis, but the resulting good outcome makes people skeptical of the costly response; light intervention worsens the crisis and causes the government to be faulted for not doing enough. This dilemma can be mitigated for the society that encounters the crisis first if another society faces the same crisis afterward. Our model predicts that the later society does not necessarily perform better despite having more information, while the earlier society might benefit from a dynamic counterfactual …

House Price Changes In The Mountain West, 1991-2020, Katie M. Gilbertson, Kristian Thymianos, Eshaan Vakil, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Housing & Real Estate

This fact sheet measures the average price change in single-family house prices in Mountain West states and metropolitan areas. This fact sheet utilizes data from the Federal Housing Finance Agency's (FHFA) House Price Index (HPI) tool to show quarterly and yearly trends as far back as 1991 to 2020.

The Economy, The Stock Market, And A Bucket Of Chicken, Tim Meyer

Cornhusker Economics

Economists, unlike MDs and lawyers, are never able to sidestep professional questions. Whether it is at parties, or waiting to pick up kids from school, the “economy” is al-most as common as the weather for small talk. Fortunately, most economists are eager to opine on the current state of affairs, and almost as many are willing to guide laypeople to a truer understanding of what the “economy” actually is. This article will provide a definition of the economy, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and their importance. It will conclude by addressing the difference between the overall economy and the performance …

The Likelihood Of Regional Triggers Under The Industry’S Proposed “75% Rule”, Elliott James Dennis

Extension Farm and Ranch Management News

First two paragraphs:

Concern about packing concentration has led to numerous requests for USDA to investigate the potential connection between packet concentration and depressed cattle prices. These calls for investigations and concerns about meatpacking concentration and impact on cattle prices are not new. The most recent concern raised by cattle producers about packer concentration was due to depressed fed cattle prices post-Holcomb fire and COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a USDA report and pending DOJ investigation.

Some legislation has been enacted as a result of previous investigations; most notably the Packers and Stockyards Act in the early 1920s. The recently proposed …