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Articles 31 - 39 of 39
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Properties Of Potential Substrates Of A Cyanobacterial Small Heat Shock Protein, Yichen Zhang
Properties Of Potential Substrates Of A Cyanobacterial Small Heat Shock Protein, Yichen Zhang
Masters Theses
Most proteins must fold into native three-dimensional structures to be functional. But, newly synthesized proteins are at high risk of misfolding and aggregating in the cell. Stress, disease or mutations can also cause protein aggregation. A cyanobacterial small heat shock protein, Hsp16.6, can act as a chaperone to prevent irreversible protein aggregation during heat stress. This thesis is focused on the properties of proteins that were associated with Hsp16.6 during heat stress, and which therefore may be “substrates” of Hsp16.6. Bioinformatics were used to determine if Hsp16.6 preferentially binds to proteins with certain properties, and biochemical studies were performed to …
The Effects Of Construction Activity On The Behavior Of Captive Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca Mulatta), Courtney A. Begnoche
The Effects Of Construction Activity On The Behavior Of Captive Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca Mulatta), Courtney A. Begnoche
Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014
Previous studies have revealed insight into the effects of noises and vibrations on rodents, livestock, and zoo animals, but there is little information about such effects on non-human primates. This study aimed to assess the impact of construction activity on the behavior of animals in a non-human primate (rhesus macaque) facility. Construction activity and modified frequency behavioral data were divided into three phases: baseline (~3 months prior to construction), roof (construction on top of the animal facility), and honors (construction of 7 new buildings adjacent to the facility). We hypothesized that anxiety behaviors (scratch and yawn) would be increased during …
The Role Of Bacterial Microcompartments In The Fermentation Of D-Arabinose In Clostridium Phytofermentans, Megan A. Strough
The Role Of Bacterial Microcompartments In The Fermentation Of D-Arabinose In Clostridium Phytofermentans, Megan A. Strough
Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014
Bacterial microcompartments, or BMCs, are 80-200nm, enzyme-encompassing organelles composed of interlocking proteins that form cyclical hexamers with a small central pore. Clostridium phytofermentans or Cphy, is a Gram-positive, rod shaped, anaerobic soil microbe that has the ability to not only break down multiple polysaccharides simultaneously but also proceeds to ferment them into biofuels. The genome of Cphy contains 3 BMC loci. During growth on fucose and rhamnose, one of these loci is highly expressed and microcompartments can be viewed using TEM. Under these growth conditions, three products, ethanol, propanol and propionate, which could potentially be highly useful in the biofuel …
An Investigation Of Human-Error Rates In Wildlife Photographic Identification; Implications For The Use Of Citizen Scientists, Megan Chesser
An Investigation Of Human-Error Rates In Wildlife Photographic Identification; Implications For The Use Of Citizen Scientists, Megan Chesser
Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014
Rapid technological advancements in digital cameras and widespread public access to the internet have inspired many researchers to consider alternative methods for collecting, analyzing, and distributing scientific data. Two emerging fields of study that have capitalized on these developments are “citizen science” and photo-id in wildlife capture-mark-recapture (CMR) studies. Both approaches offer unprecedented flexibility and potential for acquiring previously inconceivable datasets, yet both remain dependent on data collection by human observers. The absence of rigorous assessment of observer error rates causes many scientists to resist citizen science altogether or to fail to incorporate citizen-collected data into ecological analyses. This same …
A Phylogenetic Analysis Of Armored Scale Insects, Based Upon Nuclear, Mitochondrial, And Endosymbiont Gene Sequences, Jeremy C. Andersen
A Phylogenetic Analysis Of Armored Scale Insects, Based Upon Nuclear, Mitochondrial, And Endosymbiont Gene Sequences, Jeremy C. Andersen
Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014
Armored scale insects (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) are among the most invasive insects in the world. They have unusual genetic systems, including diverse types of paternal genome elimination (PGE) and parthenogenesis. Intimate relationships with their host plants and bacterial endosymbionts make them potentially important subjects for the study of co- evolution. Also, in some groups, the adult female never sheds the second instars cuticle, and remains within its confines, a habit referred to as the pupillarial habit. Here we expand upon recent phylogenetic work (Morse and Normark 2006) by analyzing a partitioned dataset including armored scale and endoysmbiont DNA from one hundred …
Immunity Regulatory Dnas Share Common Organizational Features In Drosophila, Kate Senger, Grant W. Armstrong, William J. Rowell, Jennifer M. Kwan, Michele Markstein, Michael Levine
Immunity Regulatory Dnas Share Common Organizational Features In Drosophila, Kate Senger, Grant W. Armstrong, William J. Rowell, Jennifer M. Kwan, Michele Markstein, Michael Levine
Michele Markstein
Infection results in the rapid activation of immunity genes in the Drosophila fat body. Two classes of transcription factors have been implicated in this process: the REL-containing proteins, Dorsal, Dif, and Relish, and the GATA factor Serpent. Here we present evidence that REL-GATA synergy plays a pervasive role in the immune response. SELEX assays identified consensus binding sites that permitted the characterization of several immunity regulatory DNAs. The distribution of REL and GATA sites within these DNAs suggests that most or all fat-specific immunity genes contain a common organization of regulatory elements: closely linked REL and GATA binding sites positioned …
Whole-Genome Analysis Of Dorsal-Ventral Patterning In The Drosophila Embryo, Angelike Stathopoulos, Madeleine Van Drenth, Albert Erives, Michele Markstein, Michael Levine
Whole-Genome Analysis Of Dorsal-Ventral Patterning In The Drosophila Embryo, Angelike Stathopoulos, Madeleine Van Drenth, Albert Erives, Michele Markstein, Michael Levine
Michele Markstein
The maternal Dorsal regulatory gradient initiates the differentiation of several tissues in the early Drosophila embryo. Whole-genome microarray assays identified as many as 40 new Dorsal target genes, which encode a broad spectrum of cell signaling proteins and transcription factors. Evidence is presented that a tissue-specific form of the NF-Y transcription complex is essential for the activation of gene expression in the mesoderm. Tissue-specific enhancers were identified for new Dorsal target genes, and bioinformatics methods identified conserved cis-regulatory elements for coordinately regulated genes that respond to similar thresholds of the Dorsal gradient. The new Dorsal target genes and enhancers represent …
Decoding Cis-Regulatory Dnas In The Drosophila Genome, Michele Markstein, Michael Levine
Decoding Cis-Regulatory Dnas In The Drosophila Genome, Michele Markstein, Michael Levine
Michele Markstein
Cis-regulatory DNAs control the timing and sites of gene expression during metazoan development. Changes in gene expression are responsible for the morphological diversification of metazoan body plans. However, traditional methods for the identification and characterization of cis-regulatory DNAs are tedious. During the past year, computational methods have been used to identify novel cis-DNAs within the entire Drosophila genome. These methods change the way that cis-DNAs will be analyzed in future studies and offer the promise of unraveling complex gene networks.
Genome-Wide Analysis Of Clustered Dorsal Binding Sites Identifies Putative Target Genes In The Drosophila Embryo, Michele Markstein, Peter Markstein, Vicky Markstein, Michael Levine
Genome-Wide Analysis Of Clustered Dorsal Binding Sites Identifies Putative Target Genes In The Drosophila Embryo, Michele Markstein, Peter Markstein, Vicky Markstein, Michael Levine
Michele Markstein
Metazoan genomes contain vast tracts of cis-regulatory DNA that have been identified typically through tedious functional assays. As a result, it has not been possible to uncover a cis-regulatory code that links primary DNA sequences to gene expression patterns. In an initial effort to determine whether coordinately regulated genes share a common “grammar,” we have examined the distribution of Dorsal recognition sequences in the Drosophila genome. Dorsal is one of the best-characterized sequence-specific transcription factors in Drosophila. The homeobox gene zerknullt (zen) is repressed directly by Dorsal, and this repression is mediated by a 600-bp silencer, the ventral repression element …