Psychiatric and Mental Health Commons^™

Smoking Cessation In Those Living With Schizophrenia, Angela Bradbury

Theses and Dissertations

The study was conducted at a group home located in Salem County where 6 people with severe mental illness reside. 4 of the 6 people are smokers and diagnosed with schizophrenia. The 4 people in the study all showed interest in quitting smoking. The subjects were given questionnaires weekly and were monitored daily to record the amount of cigarettes smoked. The questionnaires that were administered are the Intention to Quit/ Interest in Quitting, Withdrawal Symptoms, Relief of Craving, and a Smoking Related Symptoms Score. The scores and answers were measured to see the likelihood and the motivation of the participants …

Transitioning From First Episode Psychosis Treatment To Prodrome: Lessons And Outcomes From The East Program In Oregon Usa, Ryan P. Melton, Robert Wolf

Regional Research Institute for Human Services

This presentation discusses the outcomes of the Early Detection in Preventing Psychosis (EDIPP) model.

Psychiatric Taxonomy, Psychopharmacology And Big Pharma, Lisa Cosgrove

Counseling and School Psychology Faculty Publication Series

Clinicians practicing today need to be aware of the ways in which the current industry-dominated climate may undermine the integrity of the scientific process and, thus, may compromise patient care. In the mental health field, corporate sponsorship bias can affect psychiatric taxonomy and clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG). Financial conflicts of interest (FCOI) can occur when there are financial associations between researchers, authors, or panel members developing psychiatric diagnostic and treatment guidelines, and the pharmaceutical industry, or when randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are industry funded. Therefore, clinicians need to be especially vigilant about the informed consent process when patients are prescribed …

Early Psychosis Intervention And Its Implications For Mental Health Counselors, Advocates And Supervisors: Lessons And Outcomes From The East Program, Ryan P. Melton

Regional Research Institute for Human Services

This presentation focuses on early psychosis intervention, identification, prevention, and intervention.

Las Percepciones De La Salud Mental Y Su Evolución, Rebecca Gourevitch

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Background: Previous literature has identified a strong stigma against mental health patients in many parts of Latin America, which can serve as a deterrent to seeking help for mental health (Acuña 2005; López 2008; Vicente 2007). The resulting lack of attention to one’s mental health can not only exacerbate mental illnesses but also impede proper attention to one’s physical health (Prince 2007). Therefore, combating this stigma is an important step to improving the health of a population. Some of the most effective strategies for combating the stigma are education, social interaction, and integrating mental health services into primary care (López …

Gender Difference In Age At Onset Of Schizophrenia: A Cross Sectional Study From Pakistan, Imama Naqvi, Muhammad Murtaza, Muhammad Ressam Nazir, Haider Ali Naqvi

Department of Psychiatry

OBJECTIVE: To validate the effect of gender on age at onset of schizophrenia in a developing country

METHODS: Medical records of 252 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-IV criteria at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan between 2002 and 2008 were reviewed using a structured questionnaire. Age at onset was defined as age at onset of psychotic symptoms, age at first contact with a health care provider and age at first hospitalization. Socio-demographic variables were reported using descriptive statistics and all measures of age at onset were compared across gender using t-test.

RESULTS: There were 119 women and …

Students’ Research: Tradition Ahead Of Its Time, Haider A Naqvi

Department of Psychiatry

This view point describes the experience of introducing research at an undergraduate level during clinical rotation in psychiatry. Objective of this initiative was to encourage critical thinking, self directed learning and sensitization to mental health issues. This contributed to student learning besides galvanizing their interest in the subject. The opinion piece aims to expose various issues to students’ research in the context of medical education in Pakistan.

Coping, Productive Time Use, And Negative Mood Among Adults With Severe Mental Illness: A Daily Diary Study, Philip T. Yanos, Michelle L. West, Stephen M. Smith

Publications and Research

Most studies on coping among persons with severe mental illness have relied on retrospective self-report methods; a limitation of this methodology is susceptibility to recall bias. The purpose of the present investigation was to expand the current understanding of the impact of coping among persons with severe mental illness by examining coping strategies, mood, and social functioning (operationalized as productive time use) using a daily process design. Twenty-seven adults diagnosed with severe mental illness completed baseline clinical interviews and up to 20 days of nightly telephone interviews addressing coping and daily life. A total of 198 coping efforts were reported …

Affective Consequences Of Sleep Deprivation, Jared D. Minkel

Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations

Surprisingly little is known about the effects of sleep deprivation on affective processes. Although clinical evidence and introspection suggest that emotional function is sensitive to sleep loss, there are only three published studies that have experimentally manipulated both stress and emotion in a single experiment, the earliest of which was published in 2007. This dissertation presents findings from three studies that were designed to improve our understanding of the influence of sleep loss on affective functioning in healthy adults. Study 1 (Sleep and Mood) measured the effects of sleep loss on affect in the absence of specific probes. Three facets …

Narcissism And Binge Drinking: Exploring The Role Of Overconfidence And Confidence-Based Risk-Taking., Alicia M. Wood

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Binge drinking (BD) entails excessive alcohol intake in a short time period. Despite numerous negative outcomes associated with BD and efforts to curtail it, rates remain steady. Thus, it is important to identify "who" binge drinks and "why" it occurs. Drawing from past research, I sought to replicate the link between trait narcissism and BD; moreover, I examined if overconfidence and confidence-based risk-taking assessed via the Georgia Gambling Task (GGT), explained why they did so. The results generally supported my hypotheses. As expected, narcissism related to poor GGT performance and high levels of BD; likewise, poor GGT performance related to …

Examining The Interrater Reliability Of The Comprehensive Inventory Of Mental Health And Recovery And Rehabilitation Services (Cimhrrs), Robert W. Johnson

Theses, Dissertations, and Student Research: Department of Psychology

This dissertation is one step in the continuing development, evaluation, and validation of the Comprehensive Inventory of Mental Health and Recovery and Rehabilitation Services (CIMHRRS). The CIMHRRS is an instrument to guide comprehensive assessment of programs that provide integrated services to people with serious mental illness (SMI).

The project described in this dissertation evaluated three key aspects of its performance in real world application: practical feasibility, internal consistency and reliability, and ability to distinguish between different programs. Investigators utilized a combination of principles and methods, associated with psychometric scale development, field methods, and program evaluation. Using a structured site review …

Perceptions Of The Long-Term Effects Of Childhood Sexual Abuse, Cynthia Mellitz

Theses and Dissertations

The perceptions of how Childhood Sexual Abuse (CSA) survivors perceive themselves and are perceived by others was evaluated. The aims of the study were to use Attribution Theory and the Traumagenic Model in evaluating whether perceptions were mediated by assertiveness, self-esteem, and interpersonal relationships. Additionally examining if CSA survivors differ in perceived levels of these attributes from non-CSA individuals within a college sample was of interest. 35% of the sample exhibited a variety of CSA experiences, with the majority being minimal contact experiences (i.e. sexual invitations or sexual hugging/kissing). Regression analyses indicated that CSA survivors did not differ in their …

The Effects Of Parental Divorce On The Views Of Romantic Relationships And Marriages Of The Children Involved, Melissa D'Agostino

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine if the occurrence of parental divorce resulted in negative views and experiences regarding the romantic relationships of the offspring. Four surveys were administered to undergraduate students enrolled in psychology courses at Rowan University. The first survey was used for informational purposes to group participants into two group (those from intact families and those from non-intact families) and to determine the current relationship status of all participants. The following three surveys addressed avoidant behaviors, anxiety level, the presence of conflict, and satisfaction regarding past or present romantic relationships. The data was analyzed for …

Should ‘Risk Syndrome Of Psychosis’ Be Included In Dsm V As A Diagnosis? A Road Towards Preventive Psychiatry”, Amresh Srivastava

Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatric diagnosis has acquired a position of a quasi-legal document for mental health services and agencies working with mental health. Its utility has gone far beyond ‘clinical diagnosis for treatment’.

The concept of risk syndrome for schizophrenia has been thoroughly researched in last ten years or so. Significant advancement has been made in phenomenology, diagnostic criteria, classification, & neurobiology. The research of prodromal or at-risk or Ultra high-risk psychosis has significantly contributed to the body of knowledge of aetio-pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

The science of risk syndrome has apparently matured and its proponents are ready for its inclusion in DSM V …

Outcome, Early Intervention & Dup: The Matrix Of Research In Early Psychosis, Amresh Srivastava, Megan Johnston

Amresh Srivastava

There has been little investigation of the relationship of DUP to other long-term outcomes such as negative symptoms and cognitive functioning neither have the possible confounds of DUP been widely investigated or controlled. It is important that there should be more thorough investigations of DUP, its correlates, and the extent to which it does mediate any advantages of earlier intervention. Shorter duration of untreated psychosis was associated with greater response to antipsychotic treatment, as measured by severity of global psychopathology, positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and functional outcomes. At the time of treatment initiation, duration of initially untreated psychosis was associated …

A Multi-Paper Examination Of The History Of Non-Erotic Love Within The Psychotherapeutic Dyad, Danna R. Bodenheimer

Doctorate in Social Work (DSW) Dissertations

These two papers seek to interrogate the theoretical, intellectual and personal histories of the management of love within the psychotherapeutic dyad. The first paper examines the foundational work of Sandor Ferenczi. The life and theory of Sandor Ferenczi provide insight into both the historic admonition and the presumed dangers of loving feelings in the therapeutic relationship. Ferenczi believed in the creation of mutuality in all analytic dyads. His refusal to subscribe to a hierarchical structuring of the treatment relationship led to his subsequent marginalization from the traditional psychoanalytic canon for nearly a century. On close inspection, however, he was a …

Chronic Self-Injury And Suicidality In Borderline Personality Disorder And Its Treatments, Megan Perry

Theses and Dissertations

This study examines the ethical considerations and ways of treating chronic suicidality in people with Borderline Personality Disorder. A sample of 62 clinicians working in the mental health field was surveyed. As predicted, the degree held by the participant, the type of organization the participant worked for, their occupation/title, type of treatment modality and years of experience were all related to how they responded to the questions on the survey. Unexpectedly, the sex of the participant was also related to how participants responded.

Trapped In The Bell Jar: Mental Illness In College Students, Julie Stagis

Honors Scholar Theses

This is a magazine article that explores the rising problem of mental health in college students, focusing on Connecticut. It explores the experiences of three college students dealing with depression and bipolar disorder, a family who lost a child to suicide, and the measures taken by colleges in Connecticut to curb the problem.

Reinvention Of Depression Instruments By Primary Care Clinicians, Seong-Yi Baik, Junius Gonzales, Barbara J. Bowers, Jean S. Anthony, Bas Tidjani, Jeffrey L. Susman

Publications from Provost Junius J. Gonzales

PURPOSE Despite the sophisticated development of depression instruments during the past 4 decades, the critical topic of how primary care clinicians actually use those instruments in their day-to-day practice has not been investigated. We wanted to understand how primary care clinicians use depression instruments, for what purposes, and the conditions that influence their use.

METHODS Grounded theory method was used to guide data collection and analysis. We conducted 70 individual interviews and 3 focus groups (n = 24) with a purposeful sample of 70 primary care clinicians (family physicians, general internists, and nurse practitioners) from 52 offices. Investigators’ field notes …

Immune Function And Health Outcomes In Women With Depression, Cherie Howk, Mary P. Bennett

Nursing Faculty Publications

This research reports immune function and health outcomes in women with depression, as compared with a nondepressed control group. Using Psychoneuroimmunolgy theory and a descriptive comparison design, scores on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to divide 40 non-hospitalized Caucasian women between the ages of 18 and 65 years into either the control or depression comparison group. Women with depression were found to report significantly more incidences of illness over the previous two months and they were found to have significantly more indicators of illness at the time of the exam as compared to the controls. However, contrary to …