Mental and Social Health Commons^™

Msw Portfolio, Dallin C. Ball

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

No abstract provided.

Discrimination, Sexual Orientation, And Alcohol Amongst Latine, Brian Juarez

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Existing research acknowledges the influence of discrimination on alcohol use, this study emphasizes the equally significant role of sexual orientation on alcohol use. Associations between these factors and alcohol consumption demonstrate the necessity for ongoing research to analyze their intricate relationships and subsequent health outcomes. This study highlights the crucial need for an in-depth exploration of discrimination as well as marginalized identities as contributing factors in alcohol consumption.

Using a quantitative approach to assess secondary data gathered from the National Alcohol Surveys (NAS), this paper underscores the importance of a comprehensive and timely approach to research the multifaceted impact of …

Exploring Psychotic Symptoms Among Substance-Naïve Individuals And Recent Abstainers Without A Psychosis Diagnosis: A Cross-Country Study Across Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, And South Africa, Isaac Babu Kisiang'ani, Mohammed Aden, Henry R. Mwangi, Dickens Akena, Melkam Alemayehu, Julius Barasa, Bizu Gelaye, Stella Gichuru, Lukoye Atwoli, Symon M. Kariuki

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Psychotic symptoms are of increasing interest in mental health due to their predictive value for future psychotic disorders. While these symptoms are prevalent in the general population, their occurrence varies globally. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and factors associated with psychotic symptoms among individuals identified as substance-naïve and recent abstainers without a history of psychosis. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 11,686 participants who reported no lifetime substance use, no substance use in the previous three months, and did not have a diagnosis of psychosis. The study utilized the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire to estimate the one-year prevalence of …

Understanding The Association Between Neighborhoods And Adolescent Sleep: Evidence From Add Health, Sam J Neally, Breanna J P Rogers, Yangyang Deng, Mohammad Moniruzzaman, Qian Xiao, Kosuke Tamura

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Research suggests that perceived neighborhood social environments (PNSE) may contribute to gender and race/ethnicity-based sleep disparities. Our study aimed to examine associations between PNSE factors and adolescents' sleep patterns. As a secondary aim, we examined how gender and race/ethnic groups might moderate these associations.

METHOD: Data came from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n=5158; mean age=15.34 years). Four self-reported sleep outcomes were created: 1) sleep duration (hours/night), 2) short sleep (≥8 hours [reference] vs <8 >hours), 3) parental set bedtime (10:00 PM/earlier [reference] among girls vs by 11:00PM vs by/after 12:00AM), and 4) sleep satisfaction (enough …

The Life And Discoveries Of Yellapragada Subbarow, Nikhil R, Varuni Pragya, Subramanian Ramaswamy, Shiva Prasad B N, Mahabaleshwar Mamadapur

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Dr. Yellapragada Subbarow was a researcher, teacher, and a wizard of wonder drugs who constantly made efforts in the discoveries/ inventions such as vitamins, anti-vitamins, antibiotics, and many more by disentangling the mysteries of nature for the betterment of the people. He inspired the youngsters to take up the challenges and to stand up above mediocrity. The reward for his achievement was delayed. The article describes a true humanist's journey, discoveries, and his achievements that are largely unknown to date.

The Dark Cloud : A Creative Exploration Of Anxiety Through 3d Animation, James Applegate

Postgraduate

Fear and anxiety are mundane and innately human experiences, and ones that everyone struggles with on occasion. However, approximately a third to a quarter of all adults will suffer from clinical anxiety disorders at some point in their lives. Of these, many will go undiagnosed, and of those that do, only a fraction receive proper treatment.

Mortality Risks Associated With Depression In Men With Prostate Cancer, Casey Crump, Pär Stattin, James D Brooks, Jan Sundquist, Weiva Sieh, Kristina Sundquist

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Men diagnosed with prostate cancer (PC) have an increased risk of depression; however, it is unclear to what extent depression affects long-term survival. A better understanding of such effects is needed to improve long-term care and outcomes for men with PC.

Objective: To determine the associations between major depression and mortality in a national cohort of men with PC.

Design, setting, and participants: A national cohort study was conducted of all 180 189 men diagnosed with PC in Sweden during 1998-2017. Subsequent diagnoses of major depression were ascertained from nationwide outpatient and inpatient records through 2018.

Outcome measurements and …

The Effects Of First Responder Stress & Trauma On Spouses And Romantic Partners, Eden Thiess

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

First responder jobs pose unique difficulties due to the sheer number of traumatic events that they witness and personally experience. Research has demonstrated some effects of stress and trauma on family relationships, but the literature lacks an understanding of the ways that first responder trauma and stress affects their marriages and romantic relationships. The current study’s purpose was to investigate the experiences of first responder spouses and partners within the Las Vegas area in regards to stress, trauma, and relationship dynamics as influenced by the first responder role. In this study, 11 participants who were in a marriage or romantic …

Substance Use And Outcomes Of Left-Sided Valve Replacement In Patients With Infective Endocarditis, Katie J Hogan, Christopher B Sylvester, Travis J Miles, Matthew Wall, Todd K Rosengart, Marc R Moon, Joseph S Coselli, Subhasis Chatterjee, Ravi K Ghanta

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Rising rates of substance use (SU) have resulted in an increasing need for left-sided valve surgery for SU-associated infective endocarditis (SU-IE). We compared outcomes, readmissions, and costs between IE patients with and without SU-IE in a national cohort.

METHODS: Using the Nationwide Readmissions Database (2016-2018), we identified 10,098 patients with infective endocarditis (IE) who underwent isolated aortic or mitral valve replacement. Outcomes within the same calendar year as the index operation were compared between patients with and without SU-IE. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify factors associated with in-hospital mortality and 30-day and 90-day readmissions. Kaplan-Meier analysis and …

The Impact Of Elder Abuse Training On Subacute Health Providers And Older Adults: Study Protocol For A Randomized Control Trial, Marina G. Cavuoto, Simona Markusevska, Catriona Stevens, Patricia Reyes, Gianna Renshaw, Micah D.J. Peters, Briony Dow, Peter Feldman, Andrew Gilbert, Elizabeth Manias, Duncan Mortimer, Joanne Enticott, Claudia Cooper, Josefine Antoniades, Brenda Appleton, Sigrid Nakrem, Meghan O’Brien, Joan Ostaszkiewicz, Marion Eckert, Cheryl Durston, Bianca Brijnath

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Elder abuse often goes unreported and undetected. Older people may be ashamed, fearful, or otherwise reticent to disclose abuse, and many health providers are not confident in asking about it. In the No More Shame study, we will evaluate a co-designed, multi-component intervention that aims to improve health providers’ recognition, response, and referral of elder abuse. Methods: This is a single-blinded, pragmatic, cluster randomised controlled trial. Ten subacute hospital sites (i.e. clusters) across Australia will be allocated 1:1, stratified by state to a multi-component intervention comprising a training programme for health providers, implementation of a screening tool and use …

Prevalence And Management Of Depressive Symptoms In Coronary Heart Disease Patients And Relationship With Cardiovascular Prognosis: A Prospective Cohort Study, Yewei Pan, Yequn Chen, Shenglin Wu, Pengxiang Ying, Zishan Zhang, Xuerui Tan, Jinxiu Zhu

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aims: Depressive symptoms are comorbid with coronary heart disease (CHD). There is a controversial debate about whether screening and intervention for depressive symptoms could improve cardiovascular prognosis. This study characterizes the prevalence, characteristics, cardiovascular prognosis and management need of depressive symptoms among CHD patients. Methods: CHD patients were recruited between November 18, 2020 and November 26, 2021. Depressive symptoms were evaluated with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). During the 12-month follow-up, cardiovascular disease (CVD) was the endpoint. Time-to-event data were estimated by Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox models. Results: Of 582 patients (25% women), 21.0% had mild depressive symptoms, and 7.5% …

Prevalence Of Psychiatric Comorbidities And Treatment Initiation In African American Pediatric Patients With Vitiligo: A Retrospective, Single-Center, Case-Control Study, Emily Strouphauer, Sana Suhail, Carly Mulinda, Promise Ufomadu, Nicole Nyamongo, Grace Lee, Soo Jung Kim

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Vitiligo may impact psychosocial development, especially among African American pediatric patients, given heightened visibility and increasing rates of anxiety and depression in this subpopulation.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate psychiatric comorbidities and treatment initiation in African American pediatric patients.

METHODS: A total of 327 African American pediatric patients with vitiligo were each matched to 3 patients without vitiligo by age, race, and sex in this case-control study. Prevalence of psychiatric conditions and subsequent initiation of pharmacotherapy and/or psychotherapy were analyzed.

RESULTS: Compared to controls, pediatric African American patients with vitiligo were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with depression (

LIMITATIONS: This …

Comparison Of Predicted And Actual Dermatitis Generated From Computed Tomography Images And Dose Distribution Maps, Yasuhide Miyabe, Saori Oshiro, Hiroto Seki, Yusuke Muroi, Eriko Kawashima, Megumi Hosoda, Kento Ohashi, Hiromu Yamanaka, Mingliang Shao, Hiromi Sugawara, Jyunetsu Mizoe, Ritsuko Komaki

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Anticipating the onset, location and severity of radiation dermatitis before radiotherapy can aid in dermatological care. This study developed a method for creation of a prediction diagram for dermatitis and conducted a comparative verification between the prediction diagram and actual patient condition. The prediction diagram involved converting skin doses into 2 Gy fractionated equivalent doses using α/β of 10.0, defining regions of interest (ROIs) from 20-50 Gy at 10 Gy intervals. Overlaps between these ROIs at each dose level and the skin (external) was sequentially color-coded as blue, yellow, red, and purple. The study included four patients: two underwent head …

Genome-Derived Ampullary Adenocarcinoma Classifier And Postresection Prognostication, Brett L Ecker, Kenneth Seier, Austin M Eckhoff, Gabriella N Tortorello, Peter J Allen, Vinod P Balachandran, Nicola Blackburn, Michael I D'Angelica, Ronald P Dematteo, Daniel G Blazer, Jeffrey A Drebin, William E Fisher, Danielle Fortuna, Anthony J Gill, Marie-Claude Gingras, T Peter Kingham, Major K Lee, Michael E Lidsky, Daniel P Nussbaum, Michael J Overman, Jaswinder S Samra, Ronglai Shen, Carlie S Sigel, Kevin C Soares, Charles M Vollmer, Alice C Wei, Sabino Zani, Robert E Roses, Mithat Gonen, William R Jarnagin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Importance: Ampullary adenocarcinoma (AA) is characterized by clinical and genomic heterogeneity. A previously developed genomic classifier defined biologically distinct phenotypes with greater accuracy than standard histologic classification. External validation is needed before routine clinical use.

Objective: To test external validity of the prognostic value of the hidden genome classifier of AA.

Design, setting, and participants: This retrospective cohort study took place at 6 international academic institutions. Consecutive patients (n = 192) who underwent curative-intent resection of histologically confirmed AA were included. The data were analyzed from January 2005 through July 2020.

Exposures: The multilevel meta-feature regression model previously trained on …

Family Members’ Experiences With Depression Through The Lens Of Frank's Illness Narratives, Amanda Cole, Julie Ann Pooley, Lisa Whitehead

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Depression impacts around 300 million people worldwide and places significant strain on families who care for relatives with chronic mental health conditions. This strain can lead to substantial burdens and affect the mental health and well-being of family members. Aim: This study explores family members’ experiences with depression through the lens of Frank's illness narratives. Methods: Employing a narrative inquiry approach, interviews were conducted with eight family members of adults diagnosed with major depressive disorder. The data were analysed through the lens of Frank's illness narratives. Findings: Family members’ experiences revealed a complex interplay of narratives that reflected the …

Protocol To Implement And Evaluate A Culturally Secure, Strength-Based, Equine-Assisted Learning Program, "Yawardani Jan-Ga" (Horses Helping), To Support The Social And Emotional Wellbeing Of Australian Aboriginal Children And Young People, Juli Coffin, Sharmila Vaz, Cheryl Kickett-Tucker, Helen Milroy, Craig Olsson, Meg Kirby, Lesley Nelson, Rob Mcphee, Donna Cross

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Australian Aboriginal people experience stressors from inequalities across crucial social determinants, including deep and entrenched disadvantage and exclusion. The impact of unaddressed historical issues is pervasive and intergenerational. The disproportionate rates of Aboriginal youth suicide, juvenile detention and imprisonment highlight the inadequacy of existing social and emotional wellbeing programs and services for Aboriginal children and young people. There is increasing recognition in Australia that aligning social and emotional wellbeing interventions with Western values and conceptions of mental health is one of the main barriers to service uptake among Aboriginal people. This suggests fundamental questions remain unanswered about what type of …

How Culture Impacts Mental Health Help-Seeking Behaviors In College-Aged Chinese Americans, Hui Ching Chan

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Adolescents are the most vulnerable to mental health issues in the United States, however, they are the least likely to receive relevant professional services. Particularly, young Chinese American adults who are influenced by traditional Chinese culture retain a higher reluctance to mental health-related help-seeking behaviors.

Chinese American culture is co-constructed with families through parents’ worldviews, parenting styles, socio-economic statuses, and English proficiency. Several studies also suggest that mothers and fathers in Chinese American families play distinct roles in shaping youngsters’ perceptions of mental health awareness. As a result, the culture perceived from families has a significant impact on young Chinese …

Cadasil: A Notch3-Associated Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, Lamei Yuan, Xiangyu Chen, Joseph Jankovic, Hao Deng

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most common hereditary cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), pathologically characterized by a non-atherosclerotic and non-amyloid diffuse angiopathy primarily involving small to medium-sized penetrating arteries and leptomeningeal arteries. In 1996, mutation in the notch receptor 3 gene (NOTCH3) was identified as the cause of CADASIL. However, since that time other genetic CSVDs have been described, including the HtrA serine peptidase 1 gene-associated CSVD and the cathepsin A gene-associated CSVD, that clinically mimic the original phenotype. Though NOTCH3-associated CSVD is now a well-recognized hereditary disorder and the number of …

A Comprehensive Perspective On Intracranial Pressure Monitoring And Individualized Management In Neurocritical Care: Results Of A Survey With Global Experts, Sérgio Brasil, Daniel Agustín Godoy, Walter Videtta, Andrés Mariano Rubiano, Davi Solla, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Chiara Robba, Frank Rasulo, Marcel Aries, Peter Smielewski, Geert Meyfroidt, Denise Battaglini, Mohammad I Hirzallah, Robson Amorim, Gisele Sampaio, Fabiano Moulin, Cristian Deana, Edoardo Picetti, Angelos Kolias, Peter Hutchinson, Gregory W Hawryluk, Marek Czosnyka, Ronney B Panerai, Lori A Shutter, Soojin Park, Carla Rynkowski, Jorge Paranhos, Thiago H S Silva, Luiz M S Malbouisson, Wellingson S Paiva

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Numerous trials have addressed intracranial pressure (ICP) management in neurocritical care. However, identifying its harmful thresholds and controlling ICP remain challenging in terms of improving outcomes. Evidence suggests that an individualized approach is necessary for establishing tolerance limits for ICP, incorporating factors such as ICP waveform (ICPW) or pulse morphology along with additional data provided by other invasive (e.g., brain oximetry) and noninvasive monitoring (NIM) methods (e.g., transcranial Doppler, optic nerve sheath diameter ultrasound, and pupillometry). This study aims to assess current ICP monitoring practices among experienced clinicians and explore whether guidelines should incorporate ancillary parameters from NIM and …

Letter To The Editor Regarding ‘Unique Pharmacodynamic Properties And Low Abuse Liability Of The Μ-Opioid Receptor Ligand (S)-Methadone’, Marco Pappagallo, Thomas R Kosten, Charles W Gorodetzky, Frank J Vocci, Frank L Sapienza, Sara De Martin, Stefano Comai, Andrea Mattarei, Charles E Inturrisi, Paolo L Manfredi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.