Behavioural Support And Nicotine Replacement Therapy For Smokeless Tobacco Cessation: Protocol For A Pilot Randomised-Controlled Multi-Country Trial, Faraz Siddiqui, Linda Bauld, Ray Croucher, Cath Jackson, Ian Kellar, Mona Kanaan, Subhash Pokhrel, Rumana Huque, Romaina Iqbal, Javaid Ahmed Khan

Community Health Sciences

Background: Smokeless tobacco (ST) is consumed globally by more than 350 million people, with approximately 85% of all users based in South and Southeast Asia. In this region, ST products are cheap and easily accessible. Evidence-based interventions to people quit ST use are lacking. This study aims to test the feasibility of conducting a future definitive trial of ST cessation, using a culturally adapted behavioural intervention, and/or nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in three South Asian countries.
Methods: We will conduct a factorial design, randomised-controlled pilot trial in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. Daily ST users will be recruited from primary health …

Diving Into The Vertical Dimension Of Elasmobranch Movement Ecology, Samantha Andrzejaczek, Tim C D Lucas, Maurice C Goodman, Nigel E Hussey, Amelia J Armstrong, Aaron Carlisle, Daniel M Coffey, Adrian C Gleiss, Charlie Huveneers, David M P Jacoby, Mark G Meekan, Johann Mourier, Lauren R Peel, Kátya Abrantes, André S Afonso, Matthew J Ajemian, Brooke N Anderson, Scot D Anderson, Gonzalo Araujo, Asia O Armstrong, Pascal Bach, Adam Barnett, Mike B Bennett, Natalia A Bezerra, Ramon Bonfil, Andre M Boustany, Heather D Bowlby, Ilka Branco, Camrin D Braun, Edward J Brooks, Judith Brown, Patrick J Burke, Paul Butcher, Michael Castleton, Taylor K Chapple, Olivier Chateau, Maurice Clarke, Rui Coelho, Enric Cortes, Lydie I E Couturier, Paul D Cowley, Donald A Croll, Juan M Cuevas, Tobey H Curtis, Laurent Dagorn, Jonathan J Dale, Ryan Daly, Heidi Dewar, Philip D Doherty, Andrés Domingo, Alistair D M Dove, Michael Drew, Christine L Dudgeon, Clinton A J Duffy, Riley G Elliott, Jim R Ellis, Mark V Erdmann, Thomas J Farrugia, Luciana C Ferreira, Francesco Ferretti, John D Filmalter, Brittany Finucci, Chris Fischer, Richard Fitzpatrick, Fabien Forget, Kerstin Forsberg, Malcolm P Francis, Bryan R Franks, Austin J Gallagher, Felipe Galvan-Magana, Mirta L García, Troy F Gaston, Bronwyn M Gillanders, Matthew J Gollock, Jonathan R Green, Sofia Green, Christopher A Griffiths, Neil Hammerschlag, Abdi Hasan, Lucy A Hawkes, Fabio Hazin, Matthew Heard, Alex Hearn, Kevin J Hedges, Suzanne M Henderson, John Holdsworth, Kim N Holland, Lucy A Howey, Robert E Hueter, Nicholas E Humphries, Melanie Hutchinson, Fabrice R A Jaine, Salvador J Jorgensen, Paul E Kanive, Jessica Labaja, Fernanda O Lana, Hugo Lassauce, Rebecca S Lipscombe, Fiona Llewellyn, Bruno C L Macena, Ronald Mambrasar, Jaime D Mcallister, Sophy R Mccully Phillips, Frazer Mcgregor, Matthew N Mcmillan, Lianne M Mcnaughton, Sibele A Mendonça, Carl G Meyer, Megan Meyers, John A Mohan, John C Montgomery, Gonzalo Mucientes, Michael K Musyl, Nicole Nasby-Lucas, Lisa J Natanson, John B O'Sullivan, Paulo Oliveira, Yannis P Papastamtiou, Toby A Patterson, Simon J Pierce, Nuno Queiroz, Craig A Radford, Andy J Richardson, Anthony J Richardson, David Righton, Christoph A Rohner, Mark A Royer, Ryan A Saunders, Matthias Schaber, Robert J Schallert, Michael C Scholl, Andrew C Seitz, Jayson M Semmens, Edy Setyawan, Brendan D Shea, Rafid A Shidqi, George L Shillinger, Oliver N Shipley, Mahmood S Shivji, Abraham B Sianipar, Joana F Silva, David W Sims, Gregory B Skomal, Lara L Sousa, Emily J Southall, Julia L Y Spaet, Kilian M Stehfest, Guy Stevens, Joshua D Stewart, James A Sulikowski, Ismail Syakurachman, Simon R Thorrold, Michele Thums, David Tickler, Mariana T Tolloti, Kathy A Townsend, Paulo Travassos, John P Tyminski, Jeremy J Vaudo, Drausio Veras, Laurent Wantiez, Sam B Weber, R J David Wells, Kevin C Weng, Bradley M Wetherbee, Jane E Williamson, Matthew J Witt, Serena Wright, Kelly Zilliacus, Barbara A Block, David J Curnick

Staff and Researcher Publications

Knowledge of the three-dimensional movement patterns of elasmobranchs is vital to understand their ecological roles and exposure to anthropogenic pressures. To date, comparative studies among species at global scales have mostly focused on horizontal movements. Our study addresses the knowledge gap of vertical movements by compiling the first global synthesis of vertical habitat use by elasmobranchs from data obtained by deployment of 989 biotelemetry tags on 38 elasmobranch species. Elasmobranchs displayed high intra- and interspecific variability in vertical movement patterns. Substantial vertical overlap was observed for many epipelagic elasmobranchs, indicating an increased likelihood to display spatial overlap, biologically interact, and …

Nutritional Cooking Program With Girls Inc., Taunton, Ma, Chantel Almanzar

Honors Program Theses and Projects

As a member of the Institutional Review Board-approved research team comprised of Dr. Maura Rosenthal, Dr. Angela Bailey, and Christina Elderbee, I led a six-week community-based health program that included cooking lessons for girls aged 10 to 13. I taught girls how to prepare healthful foods that they may cook with their family and friends at home. The larger project, Building Equity Through Collaboration with Girl's Inc., aims to study the outcomes of girls’ participation in after school and summer camp programs in 2021 and 2022. One part of this research, which intends to learn more about girls' current and …

Standardizing Perinatal Mental Health Interventions: A Guide For The U.S., Maile Lauren Robles

Master's Projects and Capstones

The term perinatal individual refers to women and other individuals who are pregnant or who have been pregnant within the last 12 months. Every year, in the United States there are 700 pregnancy-related deaths and 10% are due to mental health causes including death by suicide. Mental health conditions including but not limited to anxiety, depression, substance use disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder affect one in five perinatal individuals throughout the United States. This increases perinatal morbidity, hospitalization costs, and economic burden nationwide.

After 43 days postpartum, mental health conditions are the second leading cause of death. The United States …

A Manualized Occupational Therapy Mindfulness Module For Clients With Ptsd, Michael Ramirez

Student Capstone Papers

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) adversely impacts an individual’s functioning across areas of daily occupation. There is a paucity of literature addressing occupational therapy (OT) for people with PTSD. The literature has advocated for the development of a manualized OT intervention with the inclusion of mindfulness as one of its components. To date, a mindfulness-based OT treatment guide or manualized program specifically for clients with PTSD has not yet been developed. The aim of this paper is to bridge a gap in the literature and to develop a resource for occupational therapists to employ mindfulness as a clinical intervention with clients …

A Single-Cell Transcriptional Gradient In Human Cutaneous Memory T Cells Restricts Th17/Tc17 Identity, Christopher P Cook, Mark Taylor, Yale Liu, Ralf Schmidt, Andrew Sedgewick, Esther Kim, Ashley Hailer, Jeffrey P North, Paymann Harirchian, Hao Wang, Sakeen W Kashem, Yanhong Shou, Timothy C Mccalmont, Stephen C Benz, Jaehyuk Choi, Elizabeth Purdom, Alexander Marson, Silvia B V Ramos, Jeffrey B Cheng, Raymond J Cho

Staff and Researcher Publications

The homeostatic mechanisms that fail to restrain chronic tissue inflammation in diseases, such as psoriasis vulgaris, remain incompletely understood. We profiled transcriptomes and epitopes of single psoriatic and normal skin-resident T cells, revealing a gradated transcriptional program of coordinately regulated inflammation-suppressive genes. This program, which is sharply suppressed in lesional skin, strikingly restricts Th17/Tc17 cytokine and other inflammatory mediators on the single-cell level. CRISPR-based deactivation of two core components of this inflammation-suppressive program, ZFP36L2 and ZFP36, replicates the interleukin-17A (IL-17A), granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interferon gamma (IFNγ) elevation in psoriatic memory T cells deficient in these transcripts, functionally validating …

Lesbian, Gay, And Bisexual Students Experiencing Homelessness And Substance Use In The School Context: A Statewide Study, Hadass Moore, Kris De Pedro

Education Faculty Articles and Research

PURPOSE

This study explored differences between lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB)-housed and homeless students regarding substance use patterns on and off school grounds and the unique contribution of homelessness to substance use in school.

METHODS

Data were from the 2013-2015 California Healthy Kids Survey, a statewide survey of school protective factors and risk behaviors. A representative sample of 9th- and 11th-grade students (N = 20,337) was used. Comparisons between housed (n = 19,456) and homeless (doubled up: n = 715; acute homeless: n = 166) LGB students were conducted. We used chi-square tests to compare rates of lifetime, past-30-day, and …

Trauma Exposures Across The Life Course For Individuals Who Experience Incarceration, Maria Morrison

Brown School Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The U.S. incarcerates more people than any other country in the world, with 2.2 million people currently behind bars, 60% of whom are people of color. At the same time, there is an unprecedented political consensus to develop strategies for reducing the incarcerated population and safely returning the majority of incarcerated individuals to society. While there has been a substantial research focus on the potential of this population to commit acts of violence post-release, this tells only half the story. This dissertation hopes to provide a more complete picture of the role of violence in the lives of individuals released …

Enhancing Elementary School Educators And Staffs Behavioral Classroom Management Strategies To Support Children Affected By Trauma Through Utilization Of Trauma-Informed Care (Tic) And Social-Emotional Learning (Sel) Modalities: A Quality Improvement Project, Kerstin Burt

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Manuscripts

Abstract

Background: The fundamental ACE study asked more than 17,000 adults about their childhood trauma exposure and how it has impacted their health as an adult. The study found a link between ACE exposure and a higher likelihood of experiencing adverse emotional and physical outcomes (Felitti et al., 1998).

Problem: Educators and staff encounter children affected by trauma and are untrained in trauma-informed care approaches, known as the “Four R’s” (SAMHSA, 2014b).

Purpose: This quality improvement (Q.I.) project aimed to respond to the trauma-informed care (TIC) and social-emotional learning (SEL) gaps among educators and staff at a private elementary school …

Emergency Care For Youth Who Experience Suicidality And Identify As Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Queer/Questioning (Lgbtq+): An Interpretive Phenomenology, Theresa Schultz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: Suicide is a leading cause of death in children; youth who identify as LGBTQ+ are at an exponentially higher risk of suicide. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of young adults who identify as LGBTQ+ and sought emergency care for suicidality when they were adolescents.

Methods: Heideggerian hermeneutics phenomenology is the research method used in this study. Youth, ages 18-25 years, who identify as LGBTQ+ and sought emergency treatment for suicidality when they were adolescents (13-17 years) were recruited to participate;fifteen youth enrolled. Individuals ranged in age from 20 to 25 years. Participants described …

Identifying Critical Aging Care Challenges And Opportunities In High-Income Countries: A Cross-Country Comparison Of Denmark, Germany, And The United States, Cassandra Martin

Capstone Collection

Despite the rapid growth in the aging population in the United States, insufficient resources and attention are invested in improving the support systems this population relies on. This discussion explored the question of how the United States as a high-income country fails to operate an aging care support infrastructure that has comparable comprehensiveness, availability, affordability, and overall quality to other high-income countries. Comparing financing structures, long-term care models, and various aging care supports is important for answering this question. This paper approached exploring this question by analyzing specified indicators from publicly available data across the United States, Germany, and Denmark. …

Ethnic/Racial Differences In Alcohol Use: Does Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy Matter?, P. Priscilla Lui, Savannah M. Krantz, Michael B. Madson

Faculty Publications

Introduction: College students—including those of Hispanic backgrounds—are at risk for hazardous drinking. Research has shown robust group differences between Hispanic and White individuals in alcohol use outcomes. The ability to resist alcohol consumption can be leveraged to reduce hazardous drinking; however, little research has examined Hispanic-White differences and whether drinking refusal self-efficacy accounts for group differences in hazardous drinking. Considering Hispanic individuals make up the largest ethnic/racial minority group in the United States, it is important to identify malleable psychological factors that prevent and reduce drinking problems. Method: Hispanic and White college students at two predominantly White institutions …

The Child Care Crisis: Through The Social Ecological Lens, Jocelyne Saldana

Master's Projects and Capstones

Abstract

Objective - Working mothers face mental strain when returning to work due to the challenges of the current child care system. It is unclear how the instability of the child care sector impacts the mental health of working mothers.

Methods - The systematic review of literature was conducted to identify existing evidence to determine the influence access to quality, dependable, and affordable child care has on maternal mental health outcomes in working mothers. Multiple databases were used including PubMed and Scopus.

Results - Subsidized programs help reduce the cost of child care, however, income eligibility criteria makes it difficult …

Illegal Homeless Encampments In California: Using The Com-B Framework To Transform A Public Health Nuisance Into A New Housing Development Model, Desiree E. Orozco

Master's Projects and Capstones

California has the highest homeless population, with over 161,000 people experiencing homelessness. Despite approving a billion dollars in grants for the 2018-2019 budget, The 2021 Annual Homeless Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress revealed California had an increase of over 3,500 individuals staying in shelters between 2020-2021. The multi-faceted and multi-dimensional issues of homelessness and policies make it difficult to prevent individuals experiencing homelessness from living in illegal encampments. Therefore, the author proposes a multi-prong approach to homelessness in California grounded in theories of the Socio-Ecological Model (SEM) and COM-B model and informed by housing first and permanent supportive housing practices. …

No One Should Have To Give Birth Alone: An Analysis Of The Efficacy Of Community-Based Doula Programs Serving Ethnic Minorities In San Francisco, Maria Margaret Nelson

Master's Projects and Capstones

Adverse birth outcomes for both the parent and the child disproportionately affect people of color. Evidence demonstrates that one of the ways to mitigate these negative consequences is through the utilization of a doula, a trained birth companion that is not a medical provider but whose role it is to physically and emotionally support the patient through pregnancy, birth, and postpartum. Community-based doula programs, where the doula is of the same cultural background as the client, are particularly effective in improving birth outcomes in communities of color by providing culturally competent care and helping to navigate a healthcare system that …

Ask Your Doctor About: Prescribing Activism For Eco-Anxiety In Adolescents, Lexi Nutkiewicz

Master's Projects and Capstones

Climate change is an ongoing public health crisis. Efforts to protect future generations' physical and mental health are more urgent than ever. Youth, in particular, are experiencing eco-anxiety, a specific form of anxiety relating to stress or distress caused by environmental changes and one’s knowledge of them due to the climate crisis. This scoping review provides a better understanding of the value of youth climate change activism as a strategy to mitigate eco-anxiety. This review evaluates the current definitions of eco-anxiety, the risk factors for eco-anxiety among adolescents, and considers the benefits and drawbacks of youth activism. To identify relevant …

The Role Of Occupational Therapy In Unplanned Motherhood, Cierra Stewart, Karen Park

Summer 2022 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium

For women experiencing unplanned pregnancy, the thought of becoming a mother can increase stress and affect the mother’s mental health. Maternal adjustment can include depression, anxiety, worry, stress, and happiness (Mihelic et al., 2016). The impact that this new role has effects daily demands, leading to a disruption in occupational engagement, environmental changes, and overall less time for the mother (Horne et al., 2005). There is currently not a well-defined role for occupational therapy within pregnancy medical clinics to support women experiencing unplanned pregnancy and their transition to motherhood. The purpose of this project is to provide care to new …

Occupational Therapy Program For Pace Center For Girls, Natalie Vish

Department of Occupational Therapy Entry-Level Capstone Projects

An occupational therapy handbook was created for future occupational therapy students and occupational therapy assistant students to utilize when completing fieldwork rotations at Pace Center for Girls. The handbook was created to address core occupations through a trauma-informed and gender-sensitive perspective. An occupational therapy program utilizing mindfulness and sensory-based approaches at Pace Center for Girls may provide alternative and effective solutions for this at-risk female adolescent population as literature reveals that survivors of complex trauma often do not respond to traditional psychiatric treatment approaches.

Native American Mental Health: Adding Culture To The Conversation, Margaret Rose

Population Health Research Brief Series

American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) experience higher rates of depression, suicide, and psychological distress compared to other communities in the United States. Despite this, they are less likely to receive mental health services due to barriers such as lack of resources, limited mental health service access, stigma, and mistrust of providers. This issue brief describes the influence of colonialism on AI/AN mental health and discusses how barriers to mental health treatment can be addressed by integrating AI/AN culture into traditional mental health services and increasing AI/AN presence in mental health occupations.

A Conceptualisation Of Resilience Among Cancer Surviving Employed Women In Malaysia, Melati Sumari, Nordinah Mohd Kassim, Nor Safatul Aznin A.Razak

The Qualitative Report

This study examines the experiences faced by employed female cancer survivors when developing resilience. We used a phenomenological approach to understand these experiences and challenges. A total of ten participants with different types of cancer participated in this research, which was carried out using semi-structured interviews. Social media was used for triangulating the data collected. The meanings of resilience were monitored through the particpants’ social media accounts (namely, Facebook and Instagram) from the time of diagnosis until they returned to work. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Five themes emerged from the data collected: (a) resilience through painful experience, (b) …