Sports Studies Commons^™

The Impact Of Asymmetry In Lower Limb Muscle Strength And Power On Straight-Line Running Speed In Female Soccer Players, Dariusz Skalski, Magdalena Prończuk, Kinga Łosińska, Michał Spieszny, Maciej Kostrzewa, Piotr Aschenbrenner, Adam Maszczyk

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

The aim of this study was to investigate and determine the impact of asymmetries in muscle strength and power between the right and left lower limbs on straight-line running speed in female soccer players.30 right-footed female soccer players playing in the Ekstraliga participated in the study. The Modulus. Number formula was used to avoid negative results and to assess only the difference in relative strength and power between the lower limbs, not the dominance of one of them. A result equal to or below the threshold defined group G1 "with lower asymmetry," and a result above the threshold defined group …

Effect Of Imagery Training On Football Players, Dagmara Budnik-Przybylska, Franciszek Makurat, Jacek Przybylski, Tony Morris

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction. There is a growing number of studies concerning imagery training in young athletes but on a much smaller scale than research in adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of imagery training on children’s soccer skills. (2) Materials and Methods: We conducted two studies. In the first study a sample of 35 subjects, aged between 10 and 14 years, was divided into an experimental condition (18 players) and a control condition (17 players). Each person completed one script from the Sports Imagery Ability Measure (SIAM) and from the Movement Imagery Ques-tionnaire-3 (MIQ-3) and took a …

Correlations Between Tensiomyography Variables And Lower Extremity Power, Adis Tabaković, Ensar Abazović, Muhamed Tabaković, Erol Kovačević

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: The main aim of this research was to determine whether there are statistically significant correlations between TMG variables and jumping performance. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five healthy and physically active male students (age: 20.84 ± 0.99 years; body height: 179.46 ± 5.91 cm; body weight: 73.88 ± 6.43 kg) of the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education participated in this study. Radial displacement, contraction time and delay time of the m. vastus lateralis were collected to assess muscles’ contractile characteristics using tensiomyography (TMG). Additionally, squat jump and countermovement jump height were recorded using the Optojump system. Results: A very …

Analysis Of The Longitudinal Effect Of Home Advantage In The Brazilian Football Championship – Série A, Werlayne Leite, Marcelo C. Zanetti

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Athletes and teams typically obtain an advantage when competing at home, a phenomenon known as home advantage (HA). This study investigates the longitudinal effect of HA in the Brazilian Football Championship (Série A) over 21 seasons, analyzing 8,405 matches from 2003 to 2023. The results showed that the average HA was 35.1 ± 7.7%, while the competitive balance (CB) was 0.838 ± 0.145. A negative, non-significant correlation (r = -0.321, p = 0.157) was found between HA and CB, with CB explaining 10.3% of HA variation in the Brazilian league. HA de-creased over time, likely due to improved logistics, …

Development, Validation, And Reliability Of A New Instrument Of Observation And Technical Evaluation In Karate Athletes, Filipe Ferreira, Rui Miguel Silva, Georgian Badicu, Jarosław Muracki, Bartłomiej Bogdański, Adam Kawczyński

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

The present study aims to develop and establish the reliability of the System for the Technical Assessment of Kumite (STAK) in karate. Twenty karate fighters aged between 10 and 22 years, consisting of novice and expert athletes participated in the present study. The reliability process focused on three points: i) analysis and evaluation by experts of the content of the observation instrument; ii) analysis and evaluation by expert evaluators of the athletes' performance in each of the chosen techniques; and iii) reliability of the evaluators' observations. The technical evaluation system in karate evaluated the Mawashi Geri, Ura Mawashi Geri, Kizami …

Faculty Perceptions Of Soft And Hard Skills In Sport Management Curricula, Jonathan Rosenberg Ed.D., Simon M. Pack

The COSMA Journal

While employers still see the value in accessing hard skills, the current hiring process involves placing a greater emphasis on the transferable skills known as soft skills. These soft skills include critical thinking, teamwork, leadership, written and oral communication, and the ability to research independently. As such, hiring managers suggest the onus for developing soft skills rest with faculty as they equip these future employees with the soft skills necessary for a given role or industry. There exists an abundance of research in skill development and employability from the vantage point of the employer and of the graduating student, however, …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 100, No. 2, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

Magazine edition of the College Heights Herald for the period November 11 - December 5, 2024.

• Wilborn, Price. Letter from the Editor – Homecoming
• Vickers, Abigail. Homecoming Royalty – Milie LeJeune, Sarah Burke, Katie Burch, Jennifer Smith, Alice Waddell
• A New Era for Social Sciences at WKU – Society, Culture, Crime & Justice
• Steps from WKU, Miles of Charm – Walk2Campus
• Wilborn, Price. Martha Sales Reflects on Life, Leadership & Growth
• Leasing Agents Lending a Friendly Face & Helping Hand – Columns
• Smith, Kane. How Local Businesses Prepare for Homecoming Crowds
• Downtown Bowling Green – Restaurants & Businesses
• Home Sweet …

Integrating A Practical Sport Analytics Course Into Sport Management Education, Bradley Congelio

The COSMA Journal

Integrating analytics into sport management curricula has become increasingly crucial as the sport industry embraces data-driven decision-making. However, many programs struggle to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application in analytics education. This paper presents a comprehensive approach to teaching sport analytics that emphasizes hands-on experience with data using the R programming language and RStudio. The course structure and content described herein focus on leveraging the tidyverse ecosystem and National Football League (NFL) data to immerse students in conducting sport analytics. By progressing through modules on data manipulation, visualization, web scraping, and statistical analysis, students acquire both the …

The Impact Of Judo Training On The Development Of Cognitive Functions - A Systematic Review, Jakub Biedrzycki, Radosław Laskowski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

A careful review of research was conducted to evaluate the impact of martial arts training on cognitive development in people of various ages. The analyzed research from the areas of psychology and physiology suggested that physical activity may have a positive impact on cognitive functions. Judo, as a form of martial art, not only offers physical benefits, but can also impact the cognitive function of practitioners. The purpose of this review is to examine the available scientific research on the effects of judo on various aspects of cognitive function, including memory, concentration, problem-solving ability, and other related mental functions. Therefore, …

A011: Effects Of Aerobic Exercise On Microbiota: Gut-Brain Axis And Hippocampal Neurotransmitters In Aging Mice, Yuqian Liu, Wenqian Yang, Haitao Wang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Objective: Gut flora plays an important role in host stress response, anxiety, depression and cognitive function through the gut-brain axis. Microbial diversity decreases with age, which in turn affects the function of the nervous system. The role of exercise in the prevention and treatment of age-related diseases and neurodegenerative diseases has received increasing attention. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the regulatory role of intestinal flora, gut-brain axis and nervous system function in the prevention of nervous system function decline in the elderly.

Methods: The sample consisted of 16, 52-week-old SPF C57BL/6 male mice that were randomly divided …

A067: Latent Profile Analysis Of The Development Characteristics Of Fundamental Motor Skills In Children, Qinping Xu, Xiaozan Wang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Focusing on the sensitive period of motor development, the current study used TGMD-3 to assess the development level of fundamental motor skills in 4833 children aged 3-6 years in Shanghai. The potential categories of children's fundamental motor skill development characteristics and their interrelationship with demographic variables were analyzed using potential profile analysis and Chi-squared test, aiming to provide references for the construction of motor development interventions for children with different motor development levels. The results revealed that: 1) The developmental level of fundamental motor skills in 3-6-year-old children in Shanghai can be categorized into five latent categories, from low to …

A031: Design And Practice Of Ai-Powered Precision Teaching Model For Public Physical Education Courses In Universities, Dongxiao Liu, Xuankun Sun, Aowei Zhang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Five major teaching pain points often occur in the teaching of public physical education courses in universities: (1) First pain point is easy to have deviations in movement cognition and self-practice. (2) It is difficult to accurately grasp the intensity and density of exercise. (3) Lack of process and phased teaching evaluations can inhibit the cultivation of autonomous exercise drive. (4) Unhealthy aesthetics have a negative impact, leading to a deviation in aesthetic perception among students. (5) Students lack autonomous learning ability and have difficulty cultivating post-class exercise habits. How to resolve these "pain points" are now the key …

A040: The Effect Of Blended Online And Offline Physical Education On The Health-Related Indexes Of Undergraduates, Shijun Gong, Aowei Zhang, Dongxiao Liu, Yanxin Liu

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: With the explosive development of artificial intelligence, many scholars have carried out research around the combination of online and offline physical education courses. Current research has focused on developing the application of information technology in the classroom teaching of physical education. The main purpose addressed in this study was to investigate the possible effects of implementing such a blended online and offline physical education at home on the health-related indices of students.

Method: Totally 14,708 college students participated, including 6,125 males and 8,583 females. In the analysis approach, research was adopted using SPSS 26.0, specifically the paired-samples T test …

A046: Recreational Skiing Injury Rate: A Case Study Of A Ski Resort In Central New York, Hongwei Guan, David Guan, Xiaoran Li

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: More people in China are participating in snow sports, especially after the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. Despite health benefits, skiing and snowboarding are associated with injury risk. Ski safety and injury prevention are essential for sustainable operation of ski resorts with the rapid development of snow sports in China. The purpose of this study was to examine the injury rate at a popular medium-sized ski resort in Central New York and compare it with that of similar ski resorts in Northeastern China.

Method: Direct ski patrol observation and injury incident reports of three seasons from 2020-21 to 2022-23 were …

A049: Associations Between 24-Hour Accelerometer-Derived Novel Metrics With Health-Related Physical Fitness In Chinese Adolescents, Yanping Qiu, Lijuan Wang, Huan Chen, Xiaoqing Li

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Time-use estimates are commonly utilized for describing 24-hour movement behaviors. Nonetheless, the average acceleration (AvAcc), intensity gradient (IG) and the most active X minutes (MX metrics) have been proposed as 24-hour movement behaviors novel metrics describing the volume of activity, the intensity distribution and the most active time periods of the 24-h cycle. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine associations between 24-h accelerometer-derived metrics and health-related physical fitness in Chinese adolescents.

Methods: This study recruited 240 students aged 12-18 (143 males, 97 females) from a middle school in Haizhu District, Guangzhou City. The data collection period was from March …

A052: Construction Of Ski Instructors' Competency Evaluation Index System Based On O*Net Working Analysis, Juan Ran, Hongyan Wang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Skiing has emerged as a preeminent activity in ice and snow tourism, with ski resorts significantly bolstering the winter tourism economy. However, the burgeoning demand for instructors, coupled with the increasing number of enthusiasts, poses critical challenges for the sport's development. To address these issues, we have undertaken a comprehensive competency assessment to inform the training and retraining of instructors. This evaluation is also pertinent for selecting unlicensed instructors.

Method: The study involved 12 experts and 250 ski instructors from Jilin Province. Research was conducted using keywords such as 'competency model' and 'instructor quality'. The O*NET questionnaire and a …

A055: The Relationship Between Grip Strength And Quality Of Life In The Elderly Based, Fanhao Meng

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has launched the "Decade of Healthy Ageing" from 2021 to 2030 to address the challenges of a rapidly ageing global population. The extension of human lifespan is a manifestation of social progress, but aging and increased longevity may be accompanied by problems such as reduced physical and mental abilities and increased risk of diseases, which affects quality of life (QOL). Grip as an indicator of strength and is associated with physical activity in older adults. It is readily applicable in clinical and community settings, and there is an association between grip strength and health-related …

A058: The Impact Of Multi-Directional Training On Change-Of-Direction Speed And Short-Distance Sprint Ability In Tennis Student-Athletes, Ke Zhang, Yue Zhao, Zhihui Zhou, Haijun Wu

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Objective: Tennis, characterized by rapid multi-directional sprints, involves lateral movements along the baseline constituting approximately 70% of gameplay, with each single movement covering around 3 meters. On average, there are 2-4 direction changes per point, and each stroke requires 0.4 seconds. Recognizing the imperative need for tennis players to rapidly change direction and execute short-distance sprints, influenced by factors like the ball's trajectory, opponent's movements or disguise movements, this study aimed to investigate the impact of three weeks of multi-directional sprint training on the change-of-direction speed and short-distance sprint ability of tennis student-athletes.

Methods: Nineteen male tennis athletes with an …

A062: Experimental Research Of Impact Of Large-Unit Soccer Teaching On Elementary School Students' Physical Health, Yin Zhao, Ziming Shao

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Objective: The "Compulsory Education Curriculum Standards: Physical Education and Health(2022 Edition) in China" explicitly proposes that from grades 3-6, at least one sport from six major specialized sports skills should be chosen for at least 18 class periods of relatively systematic and complete teaching, enabling students to not only master the sports skills of the chosen project but also deepen their comprehensive experience and understanding of the sport. Long-standing issues in elementary school football teaching include superficial teaching depth, isolated and incoherent content, and disconnection between educational stages. There is an urgent need for physical education teachers to organize systematic …

A059: Multidimensional Interpretation And Development Strategies For The International Communication Of Dragon And Lion Dancing, Weiyan Wang, Li Zhou, Cuili Zhai

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

The dragon and lion dance, as the bright treasure of Chinese traditional sports culture, demonstrates Chinese cultural confidence and distinct national characteristics, serving as an important showcase for China's image. However, the international communication of dragon and lion dance faces numerous challenges, including understanding barriers caused by cultural differences, limitations in promotion scope, uneven overall development levels, and balancing cultural impact with cultural identity. These issues are pertinent to the future development of dragon and lion dance.

After conducting a literature analysis, the historical origins, cultural connotations, and communication processes of dragon and lion dances were systematically examined, laying a …

A063: Electroencephalogram (Eeg) Signal Analysis For College Students' Attention And Meditation Level In Yoga Courses, Zhonghui He, Fangxin Li, Xi Qi, Honglin Chen

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

PURPOSE: Yoga is associated with psychological and physiological benefits, including relaxation and increased attention. Electroencephalograms (EEG) signals reflect the electrical activity of the brain and transformed Alpha and Beta brainwaves into meditation and attention values. This study primarily aimed to measure college students’ attention and meditation level in yoga courses. The secondary aim was to explore yoga’s effect on students’ cognitive ability.

METHODS: The study selected two yoga classes in the first semester of 2023 in an academic university in China. Using convenience sampling methods, 16 college students who attended yoga courses voluntarily participated in this study. All learning phases, …

A064: An Experimental Study On Pe Teachers' Motivational Style Change On Adolescents' Physical Activity, Zhigang Xue

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Research background: Realistic demands: The decline of adolescents' physical health has been the focus of global attention. Current needs: Youth physical activity needs to be improved. Key issue: The interest and motivation of adolescents to participate in physical activity are generally low. Ways to improve: physical education can effectively promote the physical activity of teenagers in their leisure time. It is of great theoretical and practical value to study the integration of planned behavior theory and self-determination theory to explain adolescents' leisure time physical activity behavior to promote physical activity level using physical activity interventions.

Research method: Mainly through the …

A066: Differences In Body Stability During Continuous Turning In Older And Younger Adults, Yulong Bo

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: The deterioration of body stability with age remains an area of interest, particularly in the context of continuous turning during walking among older adults. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of body stability during continuous turning in older and younger individuals, as well as identify potential risk factors, providing a theoretical basis for fall prevention in older adults during continuous turning.

Methods: Fifteen older adults (mean age 69.58 ± 3.84 years) and fifteen younger individuals (mean age 23.93 ± 1.14 years) were recruited from the community. Participants were asked to walk around an 8-shaped continuous turning path (diameter …

A068: A Case Study Of Hippy Family Intervention On Motor Ability In Children With Developmental Delays, Jiayu Zhou, Xiaozan Wang, Qinping Xu

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background: The phenomenon of motor retardation caused by serious insufficient physical activity of children is increasing. Improving the family's parenting knowledge and skills can promote the family's healthy lifestyle and have a positive impact on the healthy development of children.

Method: The children with developmental delays were followed in their natural state for three months, combined with the "HIPPY family intervention model" to improve their family's parenting knowledge and skills, and to intervene in the behavioral performance and physical activity of children with motor development delays.

Results: After 3 months of HIPPY family intervention, TGMD showed an overall upward trend, …

A070: Research On The Promotion Strategy Of Sports Tourism Consumption Based On Consumer Evaluation, Wang Yan, Jinsheng Liu

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Recently, challenges coupled with constraints such as shrinking demand and weakening consumption expectations have greatly increased the complexity and vulnerability of the internal and external environment of the sports tourism consumption system. Consumer evaluation is an important way of consumption decision-making reference and information exchange, which affects consumers' purchase decision, consumption experience, habits and attitude. Sports tourism boutique project is a consumption project and key consumption content with sports tourism characteristics. The purpose of this study was to conduct an analysis of the consumption evaluation of specific Chinese sports tourism boutique projects through the user evaluation data from Ctrip …

A073: Factors Affecting Continuous Use Of Metaverse-Based Sports Products: Based On Perceived Value, Enjoyment, And Immersion, Qiao Yang, Aisha Wang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Metaverse technology has introduced a new era of sports interaction, offering users an extraordinary virtual environment for immersive experiences. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the determinants of continuous use in metaverse-based sports products. This study aimed to delve into the factors influencing the continuous use of sports products based on the metaverse.

Methods: To collect data for this study, an online questionnaire survey was conducted among Chinese digital natives residing in major cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen) who frequently used metaverse-based sports products. A total of 634 participants were collected, of which 520 …

A083: Effects Of Muscle Energy Technique On Neuromuscular Function In Patients With Non-Specific Lower Back Pain, Zhipeng Zhou, Jianbin Zhao

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Non-specific lower back pain (NLBP) is one of the most common causes of disability worldwide. In patients with NLBP, reduced lumbar flexion-relaxation and reduced variability of muscle activity distribution are reported as abnormal muscle activity. Muscle energy technique (MET) is used to be a conservative, non-pharmacological treatment method for somatic dysfunctions of the musculoskeletal system. However, the effect of MET approach on the flexion-relaxation phenomena (FRP) is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of MET on pain, lumbar function, and FRP in patients with NLBP.

Methods/Design: Thirty patients with NLBP were randomized into …

A082: Theoretical Deconstruction And Value Implication Of Physical Participation Of Fitness Group Under Field Theory, Mengyu Huo, Pengfei Gao, Guangbin Bai, Xinyan Shi, Chongqing Hu, Ruidi Wang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Research background: In the transformation of consumer society, the body is gradually regarded as an important symbol. People are often willing to consume for the body in different ways to seek the shaping of body image. Therefore, the value of body shaping through sports has been gradually paid attention to, and "Fitness fever" has gradually become a new fashion. Based on this, Pierre Bourdieu's social practice theory makes a rational interpretation of the participation behavior of individual actors in the field of sports and analyzes the value correlation between individual sports behavior and society, which is another important consideration for …

A088: Virtual And Real: An Exploration Of The Body Sense Of Generation Z E-Sports Players, Yuxin Luo, Xianglin Luo, Lu Liu

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background：The advent of eSports has catalyzed a fresh wave of contemplation within the sports science community regarding the concept of the body. With the digital revolution, eSports has emerged as a significant segment within the realm of sports, further solidified by its recognition in prestigious events like the Asian Games. However, despite its elevated status, eSports continues to grapple with skepticism over its 'non-physical' nature due to the apparent lack of physical activity that characterizes traditional sports. Exploring Generation Z's experiences in eSports enhances our grasp of digital gaming's corporeal aspects and unveils complex ties between the body, eSports, …

A084: Research On The Value Connotation And Development Strategy Of Chinese Mass Fencing Event Certification System, Yue Wang, Tianfeng Lu

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background: Sports events are one of the most important forms of national fitness activities and promoting its high-quality development is an inevitable requirement to protect the basic sports rights and interests of the people and respond to the need for a higher quality of life. As a pioneer in the fencing industry, Chinese Fencing Association has taken the lead in developing and implementing certification standards for mass fencing events. This study proposed optimization strategies to improve the development environment of mass fencing events through research and analysis of the certification system of mass fencing events in China.

Methods: The author …