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Full-Text Articles in International Relations
The Mediterranean Refugee Crisis: Heritage, Tourism, And Migration, Marxiano Melotti
The Mediterranean Refugee Crisis: Heritage, Tourism, And Migration, Marxiano Melotti
New England Journal of Public Policy
The Mediterranean Sea has become a huge cemetery: many thousands of migrants have lost their lives trying to cross it in search of a better future. In 2015, more than a million migrants and refugees reached Europe through irregular means, but almost 4,000 went missing and probably drowned. In 2016, 364,000 arrived in Europe and more than 5,000 were lost en route. The arrivals in Italy by sea were 181,436 in 2016 and 119,369 in 2017. While UN organizations and EU governments seem unable or unwilling to face this epoch-making drama, the culture industry has begun to exploit it. Migrant …
Migration And Conflict, Padraig O’Malley
Migration And Conflict, Padraig O’Malley
New England Journal of Public Policy
The United Nations is ill-equipped to prevent, much less end, intrastate conflicts. Today’s conflicts and an explosive mix of other interrelated causes—including violence, famine, extreme poverty, climate-related disasters and political oppression—have led to a global migration and population-displacement crisis. This article examines the intersection of conflict and migration. It presents the data on migrants, refugees, and internally displaced persons (IDPs) and exposes the rise of extreme nationalist tendencies in the West—in particular, Europe, where several measures to stem the flow of refugees have been imposed. The article concludes with a warning about global poverty and marginalization—a prescription for violent conflict …
War, The United Nations, And Peacekeeping, Robert Weiner, Carlos Andres Aguilera Ariza
War, The United Nations, And Peacekeeping, Robert Weiner, Carlos Andres Aguilera Ariza
New England Journal of Public Policy
While the amount of interstate war in the international system had declined by 2013, since then both intrastate and internationalized intrastate war has increased. In 2015 there are sixteen UN peacekeeping operations around the globe, involving about 130,000 military, police, and civilian personnel. Over the past seventy years, UN peacekeeping operations have evolved from simple buffer forces tasked with observing cease-fires and armistices to complex multidimensional operations in intrastate conflicts, involving peacebuilding in an increasingly dangerous environment.
The Role Of The United Nations In A Unipolar World, Brian Urquart, Michael Glennon
The Role Of The United Nations In A Unipolar World, Brian Urquart, Michael Glennon
New England Journal of Public Policy
Presents comments on issues concerning the role of the United Nations in a unipolar world system. Discussion on the issue concerning the failure of the Security Council to reach unanimity on the occupation of Iraq and the regime change; Views on preventive war; Information on several problems encountered by the UN wherein their actions are considered irrelevant. From the EPIIC Symposium at Tufts University, February 2004.
The United Nations And War In The Twentieth And Twenty-First Centuries, Robert Weiner
The United Nations And War In The Twentieth And Twenty-First Centuries, Robert Weiner
New England Journal of Public Policy
The United Nations was created in 1945 to prevent another world war. It was designed, as the Preamble to the Charter states, to eliminate the scourge of war. The failure to agree on a permanent UN international army meant that the UN had to improvise in dealing with wars. Peacekeeping, which is not mentioned anywhere in the UN Charter, had to be invented. This study investigates how peacekeeping has evolved through four “generations,” culminating in Unsanctioned multinational forces consisting of “coalitions of the willing.” The study also stresses how one of the greatest peacekeeping failures of the UN in the …