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Full-Text Articles in International Relations

Advocacy And Diplomacy In The Great Lakes: A Case History Of Non-Governmental-Organization Participation In Negotiating The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, Jack Manno Apr 1993

Advocacy And Diplomacy In The Great Lakes: A Case History Of Non-Governmental-Organization Participation In Negotiating The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, Jack Manno

Buffalo Environmental Law Journal

This article describes and analyzes the role of non-governmental organizations, or NGOs, in the system of governance that has developed to manage the use of natural resources, and that management's impact on the Great Lakes ecosystem. Particular emphasis is given to the organizational history of one such NGO, Great Lakes United, and its actions and strategies in relation to the Canada-U.S. Great Lakes Water Quality Agreements, and to the negotiations leading to the 1987 Protocol to the Agreements. My more general purpose is to contribute to the development of a literature of NGO case histories in order to provide an …


Trade Friction Between The United States And Japan: An Analysis Of The Situation In 1992, Mariko Hirano Apr 1993

Trade Friction Between The United States And Japan: An Analysis Of The Situation In 1992, Mariko Hirano

Masters Theses

Trade friction between the United States and Japan is discussed and it is shown why negotiations like Structural Impediments Initiative Talks alone have not improved the trade relations between the two countries. This is not only because of fundamental cultural and economic differences, but because of significant differences in the interests of Japanese business, Japanese government, American business, and American government. The Japanese political system is described. A detailed description of Japanese conglomerated system (keiretsu) is presented. This conglomerate system is often viewed as a major obstacle by foreign companies to do business in Japan. The views of American politicians …


The Kuril Islands Dispute: An Obstacle In Russo-Japanese Relations, Roderick J. Fraser Jr. Jan 1993

The Kuril Islands Dispute: An Obstacle In Russo-Japanese Relations, Roderick J. Fraser Jr.

Theses and Major Papers

The controversy between Japan and Russia over the ownership of the Kuril Islands is a significant barrier to improved diplomatic relations in the Far Eastern region. Because of this dispute, Japan and Russia have not yet signed a peace treaty to formally end the second world war and neither side seems willing to make any significant concessions to reach a compromise. The issue of ownership of these islands has been a continuing focal point of Russo-Japanese relations since the two nations first made contact in the late eighteenth century. The various aspects of this dispute are complex and have continued …


Democracy And Socialism In Sandinista Nicaragua, Gary Prevost, Harry E. Vanden Jan 1993

Democracy And Socialism In Sandinista Nicaragua, Gary Prevost, Harry E. Vanden

Government and International Affairs Faculty Publications

Moving beyond Cold War rhetoric and stereotypical views of Third World Marxism, the authors convincingly argue that the democratic tradition and practice that was emerging in socialist Nicaragua could well serve as a model for other Third World states. They analyze concepts of democracy and the ideology of the FSLN and show that the Sandinista movement is not in any way stock Marxist-Leninism. Instead, this nationalist variant of Third World Marxism is—like most others—a function of indigenous realities.Vanden and Prevost demonstrate that Nicaragua has seen the establishment of at least three different forms of democracy: popular, participatory democracy (manifested in …


The “Self-Executing” Character Of The Refugee Protocol’S Nonrefoulement Obligation, Carlos Manuel Vázquez Jan 1993

The “Self-Executing” Character Of The Refugee Protocol’S Nonrefoulement Obligation, Carlos Manuel Vázquez

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

When the United States ratified the 1967 U.N. Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees (Protocol), it undertook not to "expel or return (refouler) a refugee in any manner whatsoever to the frontiers of territories where his life or freedom would be threatened" on specified grounds. On May 24, 1992, President Bush issued an executive order, known as the Kennebunkport Order, authorizing the United States Coast Guard to interdict vessels on the high seas suspected of containing Haitians destined for U.S. shores and to return such persons to Haiti without regard to whether their lives or freedom would …