Physical and Environmental Geography Commons^™

Wastewater-Informed Public Health Intervention Playbook

Sustain Magazine

As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic quickly spread from country to country and continent to continent in 2020, governments and scientists needed a way to track COVID-19 through populations in order to position public health interventions in the most impactful locations. Having a decision-based risk framework may help to guide policy creation that could minimize or prevent possible outbreaks and surges of infection within communities. The University of Louisville in partnership with Louisville’s Department of Public Health and Wellness tested this strategy in 2021 and 2022. This Wastewater-Informed Public Health Intervention Playbook describes the decisions and actions of that academic and public …

Minimizing Surface Run-Off, Improving Underground Water Recharging, And On-Site Rain Harvesting In The Kathmandu Valley, Ambika P. Adhikari, Keshav Bhattarai

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

Nepal's political institutions and administrative units were thoroughly restructured in 2015 with the promulgation of the new Constitution. Several rural areas were combined to meet the definition of urban threshold criteria to classify rural areas into urban categories. Accordingly, over 3,900 local political and administrative units were amalgamated into 753 units, of which, 293 units are classified as urban. Within these newly defined urban areas, many natural environments have been converted into impervious surfaces such as paved roads, sidewalks, and building roofs. These impervious surfaces have drastically increased the amount of surface run-offs-often termed as "urban floods"--under increasing precipitation caused …

Flint Michigan Drinking Water Crisis, J. David Aiken

Cornhusker Economics

Briefly covers the Flint, Michigan drinking water crisis including providing some background, a timeline of events, and key takeaways from the perspective of public policy.

This article was originally prepared for distribution to students in Aiken's AECN 357 environmental and natural resources law course.

Sustainable Development Goals Within Canadian Universities, Kavanagh S.A Lambert

Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were created for all countries by the United Nations in 2015 with the aim of transforming the world for the better. Each country is responsible for working towards achieving these SDGs. Within Canada, fifteen research universities known as the U-15 make up the majority of private-sector research and innovation. About 65% of these U-15 institutions have developed their own SDG report/plan, illustrating a high level of initiative and involvement when it comes to the SDGs. Research indicates that as countries continue to improve their efforts towards the SDGs, there will be a need for …

Quantifying Spatial Heterogeneity Of Wild Blueberries And Crop Water Stress Monitoring Using Remote Sensing Technologies, Kallol Barai

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The wild blueberry is one of the major crops of Maine, with significant economic value and potential health benefits. Due to global climate change, drought impacts have been increasing significantly in recent years in the northeast region of the USA, causing significant economic losses in the agricultural sectors. It has been predicted to increase further in the future. Changing patterns of the elevated atmospheric temperatures, increased rainfall variabilities, and more frequent drought events have made the wild blueberry industry of Maine vulnerable, suggesting the adoption of novel approaches to mitigate the negative impacts of global climate changes. Also, wild blueberry …

Development Status And Prospect Of Marine Environmental Security Technology, Huabin Mao, Yuantao Wu, Jianping Yin, Shumin Lian

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

With the continuous progress of ocean observation technology, more and more technical means have been provided for marine environmental safety technology. The marine environmental security technology plays an indispensable role in the national Belt and Road Initiatives. Meanwhile, it not only plays a crucial role in the achievement of building a maritime power and the maintenance of national maritime security, but also plays a positive role in promoting the construction of a "community with a shared future for the oceans" and implementing the goal of marine sustainable development. Based on the practical problems, this study introduces the system composition of …

Thoughts On Constructing Self-Reliance And Self-Strengthening Marine Scientific Observation And Detection Technology System, Yuantao Wu, Xiaobo Ren, Xiaonan Duan, Zhibin Wen, Danhong Dong, Jianping Yin, Zhongli Sha, Hongyu Zhao, Lei Jiang, Lixia Jiang, Gang Shen

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The marine area is a strategic area of China. To build China into a strong maritime country, we should enhance the capacity for exploiting marine resources, develop the maritime economy, protect the marine ecological environment, and resolutely safeguard national maritime rights and interests. Promoting marine science and technology to achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance is an inevitable requirement for accelerating the construction of maritime country. The marine scientific observation and exploration is the basic means of understanding the ocean, and is also an important basis for the marine resources development, environmental protection and rights and interests protection. This paper …

Perspective On Key Materials For Marine Observation And Exploration Platform, Rui Yang, Yingjie Ma, Shijing Cheng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

An overview is presented of the status of pressure-resistant structural materials and structural functional materials for application in marine observation and exploration platform. The key roles of new materials in facilitating high performance marine equipment are highlighted. The most in-demand observation tasks concern the upper ocean and low cost materials must be developed to manufacture affordable equipment. For deep ocean observations, future challenges are identified for developing next-generation high strength titanium alloys, buoyancy materials, lighting materials, and lubricating and sealing materials. Recommendations are proposed regarding project organization and research paradigm update, and emphasis is placed upon identifying and solving scientific …

Status And Trends Of Energy Power Supply Technologies For Underwater Equipment, Tianyuan Wu, Lixia Jiang, Guanglei Cui

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In the process of cognition and exploration of the ocean, underwater observation and detection equipment is the necessary facility to enter and detect the ocean. These types of equipment provide technical support for the development and utilization of marine resources and is an important grip for the implementation of China's marine strategy and the construction of a strong marine country. However, limited by the current level of energy supply, the underwater equipment has problems such as single operation capacity and short single endurance time, which cannot meet the needs of long-term operation under complex working conditions. As the development of …

Application And Prospect Of Unmanned Underwater Vehicle, Shuo Li, Yuantao Wu, Chen Li, Hongyu Zhao, Yiping Li

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) is one of the advanced technologies for human to explore and understand the ocean. It is an important equipment for China's construction of a marine power. This study introduces the current development status of UUV, with special focus on the latest application achievements of China's pedigree UUV developed by Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in deep-sea mineral resource exploration, deep-sea scientific research, abyss research and North-South polar expedition. Combined with the current research basis of UUV, the development and application of underwater vehicle in the future are prospected. Through the research and development …

Critical Technologies For Detection Of Polar Environment, Xiao Cheng, Shuangshuang Fan, Lei Zheng, Juanling Zhou

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The South and North poles are cold sources of the Earth system. The local climate and environment in polar regions have experienced rapid change under global warming. The development of technologies for the detection of the polar environment can provide critical support for the understanding of mechanisms of rapid climate change and the participation in international polar governance. Technologies for the detection of the polar environment have been seen considerable development in the past four decades since China engaged in polar expeditions. This study introduces the domestic and international development process and the current status of the related technologies. The …

In Situ Detection Technology For Deep Sea Extreme Environment: Research Status And Strategies, Xin Zhang, Chaolun Li, Lianfu Li

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The extreme environment of the deep sea has shaped special life processes with great resource potential, and its detection and research are the frontier of international earth science. While the harsh high-pressure environment of the deep sea greatly limits the application of deep-sea sampling and detection technology, the deep-sea in situ detection technology can obtain the component and content information of deep-sea samples without changing the location and state of the measured object, hence it is more and more widely used in the research of deep-sea extreme environment. The deep-sea extreme environment in situ detection technology has a broad prospect. …

Review And Prospect On International Ocean Circulation And Climate Observation Projects In Indo-Pacific Convergence Region, Fan Wang, Hui Zhou, Jianing Wang, Lin Wang, Yixin Ma

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Today, human society faces global warming and its subsequent challenges. The ocean, as one important supporting component of the earth's life system, plays a vital role in realizing the goal of sustainable development of human society. As the birthplace of the heat engine of the earth's climate system, the Indo-Pacific convergence region plays a decisive role in modulating the distribution of earth heat and climate change and has been the focus of international ocean and climate observation projects. This study aims to summarize the achievements and challenges in the international observation projects in the Indo-Pacific convergence region since the last …

Thinking On Nuclear Energy Supply Scheme For Underwater Observation And Exploration Equipment, Zilong Peng, Shuxue Yan, Jianping Yin, Lei Yang, Xiangzhou Cai, Jie Yu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The ocean is essential to country's strategic interests and common destiny of mankind, and therefore equipment of various kinds is urgently needed for all-around and multi-dimensional ocean observation and exploration. This article brief introduced the two technological approaches of nuclear energy supply for underwater observation and exploration equipment and relevant exchange technologies of nuclear heat to electric power, quantitatively summarized the applicability of nuclear energy supply on all kinds of equipment, discussed the nuclear safety issues thereon, and then recommended that the technology research of radioisotope fabrication and separation and the construction of relevant facility, the development of individual reactor …

The Demotechnic Index Of Nations, 1980-2018, Camden Rainwater

Geosciences Undergraduate Honors Theses

The Demotechnic Index (DI) is a non-dimensional metric that is the scalar multiple of energy consumption over and above that required for mere subsistence of a national population. Thus, the DI is a measure of energy efficiency that scales a country’s industrial energy consumption (called the total technological energy) and the energy required to meet the metabolic demand of the population (called the total metabolic energy). The DI was created by scientist John Vallentyne in 1982, refined in 1994, but never gained popularity or wide use as a sustainability metric. The objective of this thesis was to re-evaluate the DI …