Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee (6)
- Skidmore College (4)
- Binghamton University (3)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (3)
- Western University (3)
-
- Louisiana State University (2)
- Trinity University (2)
- American University in Cairo (1)
- Arcadia University (1)
- Kutztown University (1)
- Lesley University (1)
- Liberty University (1)
- The University of Southern Mississippi (1)
- University of Central Florida (1)
- University of Kentucky (1)
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (1)
- University of Minnesota Morris Digital Well (1)
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (1)
- University of New Mexico (1)
- University of South Florida (1)
- Wayne State University (1)
- Keyword
-
- Sustainability (3)
- Animism (2)
- Archaeology (2)
- Black history (2)
- Black-owned businesses (2)
-
- COVID-19 (2)
- Communication (2)
- Congress Street (2)
- Iconography (2)
- Identity (2)
- Museums (2)
- Music (2)
- Pandemic (2)
- AIDS (1)
- Acting technique (1)
- Activism (1)
- Amazon (1)
- Analogism (1)
- Ancestors (1)
- Anglophone (1)
- Anthropology (1)
- Arab (1)
- Arab Christian (1)
- Arab world (1)
- Arab worship (1)
- Arabic (1)
- Authenticity (1)
- Autoethnography (1)
- Bethlehem (1)
- Biry House (1)
- Publication
-
- Field Notes: A Journal of Collegiate Anthropology (6)
- Transcribing Discourse and Diversity in Saratoga Springs, New York (4)
- Anthropology Datasets (3)
- Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository (2)
- LSU Master's Theses (2)
-
- Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America (2)
- Anthropology Faculty Research Publications (1)
- Anthropology Publications (1)
- Archived Theses and Dissertations (1)
- Capstone Showcase (1)
- Doctoral Dissertations (1)
- Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses (1)
- Honors Theses (1)
- Latin American Studies ETDs (1)
- Numeracy (1)
- Open Educational Resources (1)
- Publications and Research (1)
- Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal (1)
- Senior Honors Theses (1)
- Sikaiana Traditional Songs (1)
- Student Theses (1)
- The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal (1)
- Theses and Dissertations--Linguistics (1)
- Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters (1)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 1 - 30 of 37
Full-Text Articles in Anthropology
The Sojourner As Stranger: A Phenomenological Investigation, Delores Janet Maronpot
The Sojourner As Stranger: A Phenomenological Investigation, Delores Janet Maronpot
Archived Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Surveying The Landscape Of Numbers In U.S. News, John Voiklis, Jena Barchas-Lichtenstein, Bennett Attaway, Uduak G. Thomas, Shivani Ishwar, Patti Parson, Laura Santhanam, Isabella Isaacs-Thomas
Surveying The Landscape Of Numbers In U.S. News, John Voiklis, Jena Barchas-Lichtenstein, Bennett Attaway, Uduak G. Thomas, Shivani Ishwar, Patti Parson, Laura Santhanam, Isabella Isaacs-Thomas
Numeracy
The news arguably serves to inform the quantitative reasoning (QR) of news audiences. Before one can contemplate how well the news serves this function, we first need to determine how much QR typical news stories require from readers. This paper assesses the amount of quantitative content present in a wide array of media sources, and the types of QR required for audiences to make sense of the information presented. We build a corpus of 230 US news reports across four topic areas (health, science, economy, and politics) in February 2020. After classifying reports for QR required at both the conceptual …
Desire And The Work It Does: Alterity And Exogamy In A Kotiria Origin Myth From The Northwest Amazon Of Brazil, Janet M. Chernela
Desire And The Work It Does: Alterity And Exogamy In A Kotiria Origin Myth From The Northwest Amazon Of Brazil, Janet M. Chernela
Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America
In terms of the pan-Amazonian social paradigm that transforms affines into kin and assimilates them into the consanguineal unit, Eastern Tukanoans must be regarded as exceptional. This paper explores a foundation myth that allows us to better understand relations of self and Other, incest and exogamy, and violence and amity among the Eastern Tukanoan-speaking Kotiria. The narrative provides a heretofore-absent foundation for Tukanoan affinity, revealing complications and nuance in Kotiria notions of alterity and the generative role of Desire in its transformation. It is a synthesis not from nature, but from poesis; not from trust, but from theft; not from …
Quebec’S Uninhabitable Community: Identity And Community Among Anglo-Quebecer Out-Migrants, Evan A. Mardell
Quebec’S Uninhabitable Community: Identity And Community Among Anglo-Quebecer Out-Migrants, Evan A. Mardell
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
How do Anglo-Quebecers who have migrated to Ontario in the past 45 years perceive and negotiate their identity in relation to Quebec? Since 1971, 600 000 anglophones have left Quebec for other parts of Canada. This out-migration coincided with political tensions that influenced a complete economic and linguistic shift in power from English to French. The symbolic and literal reclamation of Quebec as a French province set the conditions for the partial erasure of the Quebec anglophone (Anglo-Quebecer) community and sense of identity. From a series of semi-structured interviews with anglophones who left Quebec within the past 45 years, I …
Indigenous Language Revitalization Efforts In Canada During Covid-19: Facilitating And Maintaining Connections Using Digital Technologies, Laura Gallant
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This thesis explores how people involved in Indigenous language revitalization efforts in Canada have responded and adapted to the constraints of the COVID-19 pandemic from March to November 2020. Through virtual interviews, an online survey, an analysis of tweets about Indigenous language revitalization in Canada, and observations of webinars among people involved in language work, this research focuses on how people have adjusted and accelerated their Indigenous language activities during a prolonged period of social isolation. Genocidal policies and practices continue to reproduce inequities for Indigenous peoples and are affecting those involved in Indigenous language work during COVID. This thesis …
Exploring Ch’Timi’S History, Structure, And Decline: A Field Study Chez Les Ch’Tis, Felix Balak
Exploring Ch’Timi’S History, Structure, And Decline: A Field Study Chez Les Ch’Tis, Felix Balak
The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal
This research investigated the history of the Ch’timi language and some of the differences between it and Standard French, as well as its decline and what, if anything, is being done to stop it. Ch’timi is a part of the Picard language group, spoken primarily in the north of France, and parts of Belgium. It is an endangered language, and few people still speak it to this day. This field research aims to determine how speakers of the language see it, whether they think it should be preserved, and whether anything is being done to keep it active. To answer …
Q’Iij Metaphysics: Vico’S Theologia Indorum And The Gods, Ancestors, And Idols Of The 16th Century K’Ichee’ Mayas, Phillip Salazar
Q’Iij Metaphysics: Vico’S Theologia Indorum And The Gods, Ancestors, And Idols Of The 16th Century K’Ichee’ Mayas, Phillip Salazar
Latin American Studies ETDs
Domingo de Vico completed the Theologia Indorum, a K’iche’ Christian manuscript, in Guatemala in 1554. In the manuscript, Vico distinguishes between the idols, ancestors, and gods of the K’iche’s. This paper shows that Vico believed the idols to be inanimate objects, ancestors to be the older generations that have passed away, and gods to be demons. This paper then develops a theory of animist ontology for the K’iche’s. Using that ontological theory, this paper argues that, for the K’iche’s, their idols and gods were indistinguishable and that their ancestors were still alive, present, and active among them.
Waking The Dead, Speaking To The Living: The Display Of Human Remains In Museums, Emily R. Stanton
Waking The Dead, Speaking To The Living: The Display Of Human Remains In Museums, Emily R. Stanton
Field Notes: A Journal of Collegiate Anthropology
Artifacts are immensely powerful aids in telling stories from the past, yet it is the dead persons of past eras who accrued a host of ethical and legal issues. This article discusses several perspectives on and problems with the practice of displaying human remains in museums and includes a number of case studies from select museums in the USA and Europe. As a precaution to the reader, this article also features a few images of human bodies on display in museums.
Casas Grandes Ceramics At The Milwaukee Public Museum, Samantha A. Bomkamp
Casas Grandes Ceramics At The Milwaukee Public Museum, Samantha A. Bomkamp
Field Notes: A Journal of Collegiate Anthropology
Museums across the world hold unprovenienced artifacts with valuable data left unresearched because of their lack of context. The Milwaukee Public Museum (MPM) holds one such collection of Casas Grandes vessels. The intent of this paper is to present an example of how a museum collection can be contextualized in order to be compared to others of its kind and contribute to the knowledge of a prehistoric culture. Using a coding scheme, this research will present data for: 1) type and time period for each of the Casas Grandes vessels and 2) iconography analysis on the polychromes. With Northwest Mexico …
Digging Through Space: Archaeology In The Star Wars Franchise, Karissa R. Annis
Digging Through Space: Archaeology In The Star Wars Franchise, Karissa R. Annis
Field Notes: A Journal of Collegiate Anthropology
Archaeology is a slippery topic when it comes to its public presentation in various media, especially in fictional representations in books, film, TV, and video games. Archaeologists have historically been at odds with some of these productions, and various articles have analyzed these representations before. This article analyzes archaeological representations within the genre of speculative fiction, which includes the subgenera of fantasy, science fiction, and horror. One particular case study, Star Wars, will be examined in depth to see how this representation could be perceived and what that means for archaeologists. There have been various references to archaeology within Star …
The Journey Of A Hopewell Site Artifact: Bear Canine With Inlaid Pearl At The Milwaukee Public Museum, Katrina Schmitz
The Journey Of A Hopewell Site Artifact: Bear Canine With Inlaid Pearl At The Milwaukee Public Museum, Katrina Schmitz
Field Notes: A Journal of Collegiate Anthropology
The archaeological excavations conducted by Warren K. Moorehead at the Hopewell site of Ross County, Ohio resulted in the removal of hundreds of thousands of ancient Native American objects. Crafted during the Middle Woodland Period, these objects began a new life in the late 19th century as archaeological artifacts divided into smaller museum collections that were shipped throughout the world. Guided by Arjun Appadurai and Igor Kopytoff’s biographical approaches to museum objects, this article will follow the experiences of one of the Hopewell site artifacts, a bear tooth with an inlaid pearl. Discussed in this article is the creation, original …
Front Matter, Table Of Contents, Contributors
Front Matter, Table Of Contents, Contributors
Field Notes: A Journal of Collegiate Anthropology
No abstract provided.
Head Strong: Gendered Analysis Of Human Representations In Western And Central Continental European Iron Age Iconography, Christopher R. Allen
Head Strong: Gendered Analysis Of Human Representations In Western And Central Continental European Iron Age Iconography, Christopher R. Allen
Field Notes: A Journal of Collegiate Anthropology
This preliminary study examines potential links between gender and sex representations in Iron Age Continental European iconography. Drawing from multiple examples such as the Glauberg statue, the statue of Bourey, and the Gundestrup Cauldron, this article reviews the different anthropomorphic images in Western European Iron Age contexts to create a method for understanding the role of gender and the human head in anthropomorphic representations. This article will form a foundation for future studies.
Dataset For Faunal Analyses Of Biry House Food Remains, Castroville, Tx, Kathryn Maupin
Dataset For Faunal Analyses Of Biry House Food Remains, Castroville, Tx, Kathryn Maupin
Anthropology Datasets
In 2013, Van Dyke excavated a historic residence located at 309th Paris Street in Castroville, Texas. Beginning in 1844, the house was occupied by the families that had immigrated from the Alsace region of France. Preliminary analyses of the faunal recovered from a lime slaking pit suggested that over the course of the home’s residence, family members incorporate wild taxa into their diet in addition to their traditional Alsatian foodstuffs. Expanded analyses of the faunal remains from additional features provide additional evidence that the diet of the residents slowly transitioned away from a strict Alsatian diet and eventually included …
Sacred Music In Colonial Era Hispaniola: The Evangelization Of The Taino People, Tito J. Gutierrez
Sacred Music In Colonial Era Hispaniola: The Evangelization Of The Taino People, Tito J. Gutierrez
Student Theses
During the 15th-18th centuries, the major European religious orders; the Franciscans, Dominicans, Jesuits, and Jeronymites, journeyed to the newly colonized American territories in an attempt to convert the multitudes of natives peoples living there. Along with prayer books, crucifixes, and religious images, these missionaries brought sacred European music to American shores in an attempt to attract the native people to the Catholic faith.The use of music as a tool for conversion of native people in places such as Mexico, South America, California, and the South West United States, have been well researched and documented. However, the research of the spiritual …
Palestinian Evangelical Christian Music In Bethlehem, Israel/Palestine, Abby Smith
Palestinian Evangelical Christian Music In Bethlehem, Israel/Palestine, Abby Smith
Senior Honors Theses
Often the story of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is portrayed as Jewish vs. Muslim, Hebrew vs. Arab. There is little room in the international dialogue for minorities such as Arab Christians. Though Palestinians have a rich culture of Arabic musical and poetic heritage, they are unable to produce their own new songs. In this study I interviewed three members of Immanuel Evangelical Church on their experiences and opinions on local Christian worship. The findings show that Palestinian Christians may feel unable to write worship music because of a prevalent feeling of inadequacy and a lack of musical training. I propose several …
"Airbnb Go Home:" Tourism Frictions And Short-Term Rentals In New Orleans, Madeline R. Fussell
"Airbnb Go Home:" Tourism Frictions And Short-Term Rentals In New Orleans, Madeline R. Fussell
LSU Master's Theses
This thesis examines the concerns and conflicts around short-term rental (STR) properties in New Orleans neighborhoods. Using data from collected from critical discourse analysis, semi-structured interviews and social media posts, this paper analyzes the ways the city of New Orleans, residents of the city, STR hosts, and platforms like Airbnb discuss issues of safety, displacement, rising costs of living, as well as responsible STR practices. To understand the complexities of the issues people, have with short-term rental properties, this project approaches STRs from a housing and gentrification lens to understand the role these properties play within in the daily atmospheres …
Language As The Medium: A Literature Review. Harnessing The Prolific Power Of Dramatic Language As A Therapeutic Tool In Drama Therapy, Edward Freeman
Language As The Medium: A Literature Review. Harnessing The Prolific Power Of Dramatic Language As A Therapeutic Tool In Drama Therapy, Edward Freeman
Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses
Language in and of the theatre, with its palate of variegated writing styles and playwrights from throughout time, has the potential to be harnessed, focused, and systematized for use as a therapeutic tool within drama therapy – the field’s artistic medium. Drama therapy could benefit from having a specific medium germane to its artform which has the potential to provide practitioners with a common resource and means of communication, assessment, diagnosis, and treatment planning, as well as align the field with other creative arts therapies. Language encompasses all forms of human communication – speaking, writing, signing, gesturing, expressing facially – …
Intangible Cultural Heritage: A Benefit To Climate-Displaced And Host Communities, Gül Aktürk, Martha B. Lerski
Intangible Cultural Heritage: A Benefit To Climate-Displaced And Host Communities, Gül Aktürk, Martha B. Lerski
Publications and Research
Climate change is borderless, and its impacts are not shared equally by all communities. It causes an imbalance between people by creating a more desirable living environment for some societies while erasing settlements and shelters of some others. Due to floods, sea level rise, destructive storms, drought, and slow-onset factors such as salinization of water and soil, people lose their lands, homes, and natural resources. Catastrophic events force people to move voluntarily or involuntarily. The relocation of communities is a debatable climate adaptation measure which requires utmost care with human rights, ethics, and psychological well-being of individuals upon the issues …
The Reagan Administration And The Aids Epidemic: The Relationship Between Rhetoric And Marginalization, Leah Pimm
Honors Theses
The use of rhetoric can be a powerful tool to persuade individuals. Politicians are no stranger to using this tool and often employ it when speaking to their constituents. One politician who utilized his own forms of rhetoric is former President Ronald Reagan. Reagan used rhetoric to discuss major issues with the American public, including the AIDS epidemic. This thesis analyzes Reagan and his administration’s use of rhetoric regarding the AIDS epidemic in order to answer the research question: How did the Reagan administration’s use of rhetoric further marginalize the risk groups associated with the AIDS epidemic? Although previous literature …
The Role Of Culture In Sustainable Communities: The Case Of Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile), Pamela A. Mischen, Carl P. Lipo
The Role Of Culture In Sustainable Communities: The Case Of Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile), Pamela A. Mischen, Carl P. Lipo
Anthropology Datasets
We explore how the combination of cultural heritage and present-day cultural affili- ations influences the construction of the concept of sustainability at the scale of the community using the case study of Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile). We argue that overlapping affiliations—expressed through administrative culture, organizational culture, and professional culture—influence the views held by governance leaders. Furthermore, the role of cultural heritage must be considered in efforts to change and perpetuate sustainability-related behaviors within a community. Using archeo- logical and historical evidence from the pre-contact and historical record of Rapa Nui, we discuss how cultural heritage evolved endogenously in response …
Anthony, Mabel “Biddie”. 1999. “An Oral Narrative Recorded By Courtney Reid.” West Side Oral Narrative Project: Transcribing Discourse And Diversity In Saratoga Springs, New York, Annotated Transcript No. 5, April 28, 2021, Skidmore College
Transcribing Discourse and Diversity in Saratoga Springs, New York
Mable “Biddie” Anthony (1916-2015) moved from Pittsburgh to Saratoga Springs in 1940, when her husband, Marvin “Butch” Anthony began managing the Hill Top Inn on Congress Street. Biddie poignantly reflects on sweeping changes she saw in the city over her lifetime. She recounts her first impressions of Saratoga’s winters, the summer crowds, and how she learned about the city’s sporting district, which included musical entertainment, bars and restaurants, dancing, gambling, and brothels. From her experiences of living and working on Congress Street, Biddie creates a mental map of homes and businesses, including Hattie’s Chicken Shack, the Golden Grill, and Jack’s …
Liberation And Gravy: An Engaged Ethnography Of Queer And Trans Power In Georgia, Elias Capello
Liberation And Gravy: An Engaged Ethnography Of Queer And Trans Power In Georgia, Elias Capello
Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation aims to better understand how self-identified trans activists in Atlanta, Georgia find and build community, by using queer and Black feminist community based methodologies such as participant observation, ethnographic interviews, participatory mapping, and auto-ethnography. In particular, I ask 1) How do trans people find and build community, safety, and understanding? 2) How do transgender activists create and enact place making that does not rely on policing and privatization? To create and maintain safety for wealthy communities in Atlanta, Georgia, systems of policing and privatization are increasing. Although developers, city council members, and legislators promote Atlanta, Georgia as a …
“Our Languages Do Not Die, They Are Being Killed”: Indigenismo And Its Effects On Indigenous Language Revitalization, Nathalie Martinez
“Our Languages Do Not Die, They Are Being Killed”: Indigenismo And Its Effects On Indigenous Language Revitalization, Nathalie Martinez
Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters
Language and identity are political acts that are inextricably linked to and rooted in socio-historical and socio-political events. Existing scholarship on identity-based social movements has yet to address language activism as a part of its theoretical framework. This paper seeks to consider the unique socio-historical context of indigenismo—an ideological wave coordinated by non-Indigenous groups seeking to define Indigenous identity—for the analysis of language activism within the field of social movement theory. Drawing from historical, ethnographic, and applied linguistic studies, this article examines indigenismo in Abiayala—the continental Western hemisphere commonly referred to as the Americas—to highlight the impact of the policies …
Identity Construction In The Yoruba Group Project Abroad: Discourse Analysis Of Language Use, Tawakalitu Odunayo Lasisi
Identity Construction In The Yoruba Group Project Abroad: Discourse Analysis Of Language Use, Tawakalitu Odunayo Lasisi
LSU Master's Theses
This research examines the experiences of five Nigerian Americans who participated in the Yoruba Group Project Abroad in the year 2018. After taking classes on Yoruba language at the basic, intermediate and advanced levels in their various universities here in the US, the students traveled to Nigeria in the summer of 2018 to immerse themselves in the native speakers’ environment in Ibadan, Nigeria. While in Ibadan, they were paired with Nigerian host families (Yoruba speakers) in order to have an overarching immersive experience. These students constitute the population of this research. Using a qualitative research method and an in-depth online …
Van Dorn, Edith Marie Luce. 1999. “An Oral Narrative Recorded By Mary Ann Cardillo Fitzgerald.” West Side Oral Narrative Project: Transcribing Discourse And Diversity In Saratoga Springs, New York, Annotated Transcript No. 4, March 16, 2021, Skidmore College
Transcribing Discourse and Diversity in Saratoga Springs, New York
Edith Van Dorn Luce (1928-2009) was born in Saratoga Springs, New York, to a family with ties to settlers who had arrived in the area as earlier as 1796. In this conversation, she warmly shares memories of her youth on the West Side, including attending School No. 1, ice skating, roller skating, winter sleigh rides, dancing, and swimming at King’s water hole. She mentions significant people in her life—including her childhood friend Roy Luce whom she married during World War II—and cherished places within the tight-knit West Side neighborhood where she and her husband raised four children in a house …
Corsale, Eugene J. “Gene”. 1999. “An Oral Narrative Recorded By Leona Casey Signor.” West Side Oral Narrative Project: Transcribing Discourse And Diversity In Saratoga Springs, New York, Annotated Transcript No. 3, March 16, 2021, Skidmore College
Transcribing Discourse and Diversity in Saratoga Springs, New York
Eugene J. “Gene” Corsale (1928-2014) grew up in an Italian-American “railroad family” rooted on the West Side of Saratoga Springs. Like other family members, Gene spent his early years working on upstate New York railroads, except for the period he served in the US Navy during the Korean War. Gene’s stories reveal the grandeur and admiration of locomotive technology, along with dangers that resulted in deadly crashes and scarred communities. Gene recounts the heyday and decline of the railroads, railroad work as a teenager on the home front during World War II, and the importance of the railroad for transporting …
Turner, Anita Skinner. 1999. “An Oral Narrative Recorded By Courtney Reid.” West Side Oral Narrative Project: Transcribing Discourse And Diversity In Saratoga Springs, New York, Annotated Transcript No. 2, March 15, 2021, Skidmore College
Transcribing Discourse and Diversity in Saratoga Springs, New York
Anita Skinner Turner (1937- ) was born and raised in Saratoga Springs. She shares memories of Black residents and business owners in the Congress Street area, which she calls “Little Harlem.” Anita recalls as a child observing a lively neighborhood from the screened porch of her grandmother’s business, Mrs. Georgia Jackson’s Boarding House. Anita’s grandmother rented rooms to wait staff, racetrack workers, chambermaids, housekeepers, and other local workers. She recalls the twenty-four-hour entertainment district that included Jack’s Harlem Club, Hattie’s Chicken Shack, and other places displaced by Urban Renewal in the 1960s. She remembers entertainers too, including Duke Ellington, Peg …
Ethnographic Moment: Navajo Nation Changing Racial Terminology In Response To Black Lives Matter Protests, Dani M. Austin
Ethnographic Moment: Navajo Nation Changing Racial Terminology In Response To Black Lives Matter Protests, Dani M. Austin
Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal
"Given Navajo Nation debates about changing racial terminology in response to Black Lives Matter protests, I will argue that modification of Diné Bizaad (Diné Bizaad means Navajo Language) is a progressive and positive shift. Language is constantly changing across social groups and time. From generation to generation, words take on different meanings. Words are invented and acquired from a variety of sources. Furthermore, unused words can expire from everyday usage. How do shifts in language occur?"
Metaphoric Recursiveness And Ternary Ontology: Another Look At The Language And Worldview Of The Yaminahua, Carlos A. Segovia
Metaphoric Recursiveness And Ternary Ontology: Another Look At The Language And Worldview Of The Yaminahua, Carlos A. Segovia
Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America
My purpose in this paper is, first, to explore metaphorical recursiveness in Yaminahua, i.e. the latter’s folding of the common binary structure: {(x) things + (y) words} into the threefold scheme: (A) things + (B) external analogies + (C) internal metaphors, as displaying a multi-iconic semiotic system of the type: A ≈ [B] ≈ C, which is finally reduced to a twofold indexical system: A ← [B], contra Graham Townsley’s dismissal of semiotic theory as being of no relevance in contrast to cognitive construction. And, secondly, to show that within the traditional Yaminahua worldview "animism," "totemism," …