Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Associations Between Pornography Consumption And Domestic Violence Attitudes, Angela R. Nanayakkara, Jenna K. Rieder, Phd

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

Introduction

Pornography is a billion-dollar industry with harmful societal implications, such as human trafficking and exploitation of minors (Humphreys et al., 2019).

Research shows links between pornography usage and hostile and benevolent sexist attitudes toward women (Hald et al., 2013; Wright & Bae, 2015).

Pornography consumption also correlates with sexual objectification and pro-violence attitudes toward women (Wright & Tokunaga, 2016).

Studies show that the consumption of violent pornography is correlated with pro-rape and other sexually aggressive beliefs. (e.g., Demaré et al., 1993).

A meta-analysis shows that in nonexperimental studies, there is a significant relationship between exposure to pornography and beliefs …

Support Systems: The Effect They Have On Domestic Violence Victims, Kimberly Diann Burton

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

In the last five years, domestic violence has escalated in the number of episodes reported and in the severity of violence. Researchers attribute this increased frequency and severity to the COVID-19 pandemic. During the lockdown time of the pandemic, victims and their abusers could not escape from arguments, which resulted in tensions rising. This study brings attention to the fact that domestic violence is still a pervasive problem. It gives information to help the abused stay out of violent relationships and/or escape. There was conflicting research on whether support systems help victims of these violent relationships escape or stay in …

Safety And Academic Outcomes Of College Campus-Based Advocacy Services, Rachel J. Voth Schrag, Elizabeth Baumler, Dixie Hairston, Cynthia Jones, Leila Wood

Philosophy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Intimate partner violence (IPV), sexual assault, and stalking are consequential public health and safety issues with wide reaching impacts on emerging adults, including those on college campuses in the United States. In response to high rates of violence among college student populations, universities are developing campus-based advocacy (CBA) programs, which aim to support survivors of interpersonal violence through supportive connections, resource acquisition, and safety planning. However, little data exists related to their impact on key student-survivor outcomes. Thus, this study aims to understand (a) the approach CBA programs use to address safety and academic concerns of student-survivors, and (b) the …

Immigrant Women From Iran And Afghanistan In Sweden: Experiences Of Domestic Violence During The Covid Pandemic, Fatemeh Hamedanian

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

This paper explores the firsthand experiences of immigrant women victims of domestic violence amidst the COVID-19 crisis. Sixteen Iranian and Afghan women residing in Sweden were interviewed. Their responses were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. An intersectional perspective was used to understand domestic violence among the immigrant women. The study found high levels of psychological violence and controlling behavior by the women’s partners. The harm was compounded by economic instability, the temporality of residency permits, and the limited access to support services. The intersectional analysis suggests that multiple factors in the midst of the pandemic increase the vulnerability of abused …

Spouse Violence In Case Of Police Officers In Puerto Rico: Violence In Police Families, Jorge Ismael Suarez

Theses and Dissertations

This applied dissertation was designed to explore the relationship between factors related to police work and whether these factors help predict domestic violence in a sample of officers of the Puerto Rico Police. The following factors were explored in this study: external burnout, alcohol abuse, department withdrawal, and authoritarian spillover. This study was based on a previous study by Johnson et al. (2005), which revealed that violence exposure and domestic violence among police officers are linked according to four mediation chains. The mediation chain was a model implemented by the authors to determine the influence of burnout, authoritarian spillover, alcohol …

Explaining The Relationship Between Intimate Partner Violence Victimization And Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status In Transgender And Nonbinary Individuals, Kimberly A. Ingold, Brent Teasdale

Faculty Publications - Criminal Justice

Study Questions: Previous research has shown that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status and intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization are correlated. Furthermore, it has been consistently reported that transgender individuals are at an increased risk of experiencing IPV victimization and testing positive for HIV compared to cisgender individuals. However, past research examining the potential explanations for the correlation between HIV status and IPV victimization in transgender individuals using a large and inclusive sample is nonexistent. Subjects: A total of 12,592 transgender and nonbinary individuals from across the United States were included in the analyses. Methods: Through a bivariate probit analysis of …

Parent Physical And Psychological Aggression And Youth Dating Violence: A Latent Class Analysis Approach, Heidi Adams Rueda, Kaitlyn Paxton Ward, Steven Hoffman

Social Work Faculty Publications

Adolescent dating violence is a national public health issue and research suggests that aggressive parenting may predict the likelihood that a child will subsequently experience abuse. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of parent physical and psychological aggression on adolescent dating violence perpetration and victimization. Data derived from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study resulted in a racially and ethnically diverse sample of adolescents in dating relationships at the age of 15 years (N = 952). Utilizing both parent and adolescent data which assessed parenting practices at ages 3, 5, 9, and 15, …

Domestic Violence In Sioux County: Raising Awareness And Stimulating Empathy, Jenna Aalbers, Bailey Brown, Kenzie Kurtz, Linden Sutton

Student Projects

Domestic violence is a pertinent problem in Sioux County, Iowa, yet community members tend to be unaware of its existence and relevance. That is because it operates in a sly cycle, largely undetected by those outside the family. There is a general lack of public discussion and understanding about domestic violence, which tends to be viewed as a private, family matter. Despite this, the impacts of domestic violence extend beyond the family, and there are systemic factors that serve as barriers and risk factors for domestic violence survivors. This paper highlights the conditions of domestic violence in general as well …

Model Of Evidence-Based Practice: Children Experiencing Domestic Violence In Rural Areas, Linden Sutton, Mckenzie Kurtz

Student Projects

Domestic violence is often something that occurs between an abuser and a victim. However, children are also deeply affected by any type of abuse that they witness or experience. More specifically, children in rural areas face more challenges and barriers preventing them from experiencing the freedom to simply be a child. This study examined theories and interventions to treat children experiencing domestic violence. The researchers developed a treatment curriculum based on solution-focused brief therapy to address this population. Overall, solution-focused brief therapy is an effective treatment for children who have either witnessed or experienced domestic violence in a rural setting.

Bridging The Gap: Understanding And Addressing Intimate Partner Violence In Deaf Communities, Catherine Pellini

Washington Semester Program

The Violence Against Women Act, one of the largest pieces of federal legislation aimed at protecting victims of domestic violence, does not always adequately address or serve those in the Deaf community who are affected by domestic violence. This observation led to the question “under what conditions can and does the Violence Against Women Act effectively serve and protect deaf survivors?” Through conducting interviews with policy experts and advocates as well as analyzing Biennial Reports to Congress on the Effectiveness of Grant Programs Under the Violence Against Women Act, it is evident that the Violence Against Women Act can only …

Childhood Experiences Of Family Violence Among Racialized Immigrant Youth: Case Studies, Purnima George George, Archana Medhekar, Ferzana Chaze, Bethany Osborne, Sophia Schmitz, Allyson Nodin, Gillian Grant

Books

Envisioned to serve as a training tool for human service professionals, the book, “Childhood experiences of family violence among racialized immigrant youth: Case studies,” provides narratives of the direct and indirect experiences of family violence, its impacts and survival by racialized immigrant youth in their childhood. The case narratives have been constructed from the phenomenological interviews conducted with twelve racialized immigrant youth as they described and interpreted their experiences of violence. Guided by theoretical frameworks such as Anti-Colonialism, Critical Race Theory, A rights-based approach to children and Anti-Oppressive practice, with concepts of the Best Interest of the Child …

Covid-19 Has Strengthened The Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption And Domestic Violence, Monica Deza, Aaron Chalfin, Shooshan Danagoulian

Center for Policy Research

A large body of evidence documents a link between alcohol consumption and violence involving intimate partners and close family members. Recent scholarship suggests that since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent stay-at-home orders, there has been a marked increase in domestic violence. This research considers an important mechanism behind the increase in domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic: an increase in the riskiness of alcohol consumption. We combine 911 call data with newly available high-resolution microdata on visits to bars and liquor stores in Detroit, MI and find that the strength of the relationship between visits to alcohol …

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Interpersonal Violence, And Racial Disparities In Early Prenatal Care In North Dakota (Nd Prams 2017–2019), Lexie Schmidt, Michaelynn Kanichy, Grace Njau, Matthew Schmidt, Anastasia Stepanov, Raeann E. Anderson, Amy Stiffarm, Andrew Williams

Psychology Faculty Publications

In North Dakota (ND), American Indian women are more likely to be exposed to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and interpersonal violence, and receive late prenatal care (PNC) compared to other racial groups. In a sample of 1,849 (weighted n = 26,348) women from the 2017 to 2019 North Dakota Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, we performed a series of logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for AI and Other Racial Identity women compared to White women regarding risk of late PNC (initiated after week 13) and dissatisfaction of PNC timing. Models were …

Male Domestic Violence Offenders' Experiences In A Batterer Intervention Program: A Case Study Of One Batterer Intervention Program In Central Indiana, Katrina A. Thomas

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Domestic violence is a significant concern in the United States. Twenty people per minute are physically abused by an intimate partner (National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, 2020b). In Indiana, 42.5% of women experience intimate partner physical or sexual violence or intimate partner stalking in their lifetimes (National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, 2020a). Perpetrators of domestic violence are often mandated to attend batterer intervention classes. Effective batterer intervention programs are essential to victim safety and decrease the likelihood that the perpetrator will engage in domestic violence behaviors in the future. However, the effectiveness of existing batterer intervention programs may not be …

Breaking The Silence: The Untold Journeys Of Racialized Immigrant Youth Through Family Violence, Purnima George, Archana Medhekar, Bethany Osborne, Ferzana Chaze, Karen Cove, Sophia Schmitz

Books & Chapters

Intended to fill the existing gap in knowledge, the book, “Breaking the silence: The untold journeys of racialized immigrant youth through family violence”, is a Phenomenological research study that sheds light on the experiences and agency of twelve racialized immigrant youths as they navigated family violence in their childhood. By bringing together theoretical frameworks, such as Anti-Colonialism, Critical Race Theory, A rights Based approach to children and Anti-Oppressive practice, with concepts of the Best Interest of the Child and Coercive Control, the book provides an insight into the impacts of family violence and how these experiences are complicated …

Domestic Violence Exposure And Legal System Involvement Experiences Of Young Adults: A Retrospective, Intersectional, Qualitative Study, Amie Kahovec

Doctoral Dissertations

Youth perspectives are missing from our understanding of the intersections between childhood interparental domestic violence exposure (CEDV) legal system interactions (e.g., law enforcement). To address this empirical and practical gap, this study applies intersectionality, theoretically and methodologically, to inform recruitment, data collection, and analysis of semi-structured interviews with 10 young adults with CEDV and subsequent legal system interactions. Intersectional multilevel analysis will guide the examination of how interlocking oppressive systems at multiple levels inform CEDV and legal system interaction experiences to inform empirically grounded recommendations for legal system providers, centering the needs and experiences of youth from historically and contemporarily …

Housing Is Safety: An Evaluation Of A Transitional Housing (Th), Rapid-Rehousing (Rrh), And Joint Th/Rrh Program For Survivors Of Interpersonal Violence, Bridget L. Claborn

Capstone Experience

In this capstone project, I created a program evaluation plan and conducted preliminary analysis for the Mar􏰀 Parrish Center􏰁s (MPC) transitional housing (TH), rapid-rehousing (RRH), and joint TH/RRH programs for survivors of interpersonal violence and their families. The intent of the project is: (1) to better understand the impact of MPC housing programs; (2) to inform strategies for continuous improvement in client outcomes, access, and satisfaction; (3) to further evaluation capacity for the organization; and (4) to generate practice-based evidence to inform the field at large. As a practitioner in the field of interpersonal violence and former MPC staff member, …

Intimate Partner Violence Screening In The Emergency Department, Rebecca Stuerman

Dissertations

Problem: Intimate partner violence [IPV] is a public health concern that affects one in three women worldwide. IPV can be addressed through identification and early intervention with minimal risk to the patient. The emergency department is an important setting for screening given the frequency with which people who experience abuse may present with IPV-related injuries and other related concerns (depression, suicidality, etc.). Successfully implementing a validated tool for screening and providing early access to resources and referrals may help to mitigate the longterm negative impacts of IPV. The need for increased staff education was a major barrier to screening for …

The News Media's (Re)Framing Of Intimate Partner Violence During The Covid-19 Pandemic And Its Implications For Policy Development In Canada: A Critical Content Analysis, Najibullah Naeemzadah

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic’s unprecedented impacts, governments and public health authorities globally implemented various measures to control disease transmission, including lockdowns, stay-at-home orders, isolation, and social distancing. Although these strategies have been necessary to mitigate the spread of the virus, they have had unintended, but largely predictable, consequences for individuals and groups facing marginalization, including significant increases in the incidence and severity of intimate partner violence (IPV). Indeed, the “shadow pandemic” of IPV came to attention in mainstream news media coverage of COVID-19, bringing new attention to an issue that has rarely had that level of scrutiny.

While …

Beyond Carceral "Solutions": Using Transformative Human Rights Education In Domestic Violence Prevention, Alli E. Rios

Master's Projects and Capstones

Domestic violence is a choice a person makes to gain and exert absolute power and control over another person. Unfortunately, the predominant structure for addressing domestic violence - the criminal justice system - is rife with problematic social and structural constructs, like patriarchy, white supremacy, and neoliberalism, which are themselves rooted in issues of power and control (Acheson, 2022). The influence of these factors, which are largely defined by exploitative hierarchies, helps to explain why domestic violence remains prevalent. To more effectively address and prevent domestic violence, research suggests that comprehensive policy and curricular reform are necessary on multiple levels …

An Exploration Of Intimate Partner Violence In Lgbt Relationships, Amaris Sanvictores, Karen Park

Spring 2023 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium

Background: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals experience disproportionate rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) compared to their heterosexual and cisgender counterparts. Findings report rates of IPV among LGBT individuals ranging from 31.1%-61.1%, which is higher compared to 29%-35% with their cisgender peers. There is limited research regarding the impact of IPV in LGBT relationships through an occupational therapy lens. Purpose: This research project intends to identify occupational limitations by addressing the required needs and resources of individuals from LGBT IPV to improve their quality of life. The research acquired can be used to identify problem areas to provide …

Saudi Women's Abuse And Help-Seeking Experiences: A Qualitative Thematic Analysis, Shahad Ahmed Subiani

Doctoral Dissertations

In 2013 the Saudi government established the Protection from Abuse Act, which made domestic violence (DV) a crime, as well as outlined the responsibilities of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development in providing reporting mechanisms. These and more societal shifts, along with the creation of the governmental family protection units (FPUs), set the stage for greater recognition of DV and more women seeking help. Though public opinion is slowly changing, DV in Saudi Arabia is still largely perceived as a private family matter (Alhabib et al., 2010). Guided by the help-seeking and change model (Liang et al., 2005), …

Culturally Responsive Domestic Violence Interventions For Immigrant Communities In The United States: A Scoping Review, Abha Rai, Kristen Ravi, Nibedita Shrestha, Luis R. Alvarez-Hernandez

Journal of Social Work in the Global Community

Immigrants are at a higher risk of domestic violence (DV) victimization due to their unique positionality in the United States. The goal of this scoping review is to examine the extent to which cultural responsivity is incorporated in DV interventions developed for immigrant communities. Peer-reviewed articles between 2005–2021 were reviewed across 11 databases. Our sample included n = 15 articles that highlighted interventions designed for diverse immigrant groups, including Latinx and Asian groups. Building unique interventions for specific immigrant groups would allow for prioritizing the needs of survivors while engaging in direct service provision by social workers.

Effects Of Adverse Childhood Experiences In Relation To Domestic Violence Services, Mary Hill

Senior Capstone Papers

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), described as traumatic experiences happening within childhood in a study conducted by Kaiser Permanente and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, are delved into in relation to the effects of trauma on well-being and individual health. A literature review is conducted around ACEs within an environment where domestic violence or interpersonal violence is present exploring the dynamics between the two, societal and generational influences, and present preventative approaches utilizing knowledge around both domestic violence and ACEs. Based on information found through a review of literature, an intervention is proposed in the form of an Awareness …

Critical Discourse Analysis: Sexual Violence In Maine Department Of Public Safety (Dps) "Crime In Maine" Reports, Emma V. Grous

Honors College

Sexual violence is incredibly prevalent in the state of Maine. These crimes, which disproportionately affect at-risk communities – women, children, people of color, and impoverished persons – are not accurately represented in legal discourses within Maine. Changes to how victims and survivors of sexual violence are represented and discussed in law enforcement reports and other materials are necessary in order to promote social change and justice for the survivors in our communities.

Critical Discourse Analysis has been used broadly since its conception and has even previously been used in understanding political and social implications of discourse in the United States. …

When The Victim Is Male: An Organizational Approach To Combat Gender Bias Within The Criminal Justice System, Shelby Hobbs

Senior Capstone Papers

The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey estimates that over 226.1 million people have been victims of domestic violence (DV) throughout their lifetimes. This violence can present itself in physical abuse or emotional turmoil, all with the ultimate goal of a perpetrator maintaining power over their victim(s). Rates of victimization across men and women are similar—44.2% and 47.3% respectively; however, this is not reflected in the current research and service provisions for victims. For example, male-identifying victims within the criminal justice system have reported their innocence must be proved before their claims of abuse are taken seriously, and that …

The Silent Suffering Of Survivors: The Covid-19 Pandemic's Impact On Domestic Violence Resources, Osoniya I. Wodi

XULAneXUS

Increased reports of domestic violence has coincided with the eruptions and growth of the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous research has shown a positive correlation between domestic violence and the occurrence of humanitarian crises. Recently published research about domestic violence police reports in the COVID-19 pandemic has also supported this correlation. We used data from the National Network To End Domestic Violence (NNEDV) to analyze the number of survivors served by domestic violence programs in the United States, type of resources available, and unmet request from 2019-2021, one year pre-pandemic and the first two years of the pandemic. Findings from this study …

Adverse Childhood Experiences And Intimate Partner Violence In Gender Minority Populations, Claire Mason Mccown

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Childhood adversity has been linked to numerous health and mental health concerns in adulthood (Felitti et al., 1998). Among the many outcomes associated with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), victimization and perpetration of intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a public health crisis. Research has found that those identifying as gender minority individuals are disproportionately impacted by IPV (Messinger, 2017; Peitzmeier et al., 2020). Further, gender minority individuals experience equivalent, if not higher, rates of ACEs when compared to their cisgender counterparts (Baams, 2018; Juárez-Chávez et al., 2018; Schnarrs et al., 2019; Tobin & Delaney, 2019). While many factors contribute to the …

Moral Injury In Survivors Of Domestic Violence, Camille A. Fogel

WWU Graduate School Collection

Many survivors of domestic violence experience persistent but invisible psychological wounds that cannot be photographed for evidentiary purposes. Coercive control refers to the network of subtle, structural, and culturally sanctioned tactics that subjugate victims and cause them existential and identity-based harm. In this paper I propose that moral injury, a trauma construct not yet applied to this context, provides an important and nuanced framework for understanding the impact of coercive control and the invisible aftermath of partner abuse. In a cross-sectional survey-based study (N = 292), I tested a novel path analysis in which physical violence and coercive control differentially …

Training On Law Enforcement's Response To Interpersonal Violence, Genna Hilt

Undergraduate Distinction Papers

The current study examines how police officers in various settings perceive interpersonal violence response training as well as how they respond to vignettes detailing hypothetical scenarios of sexual assault, domestic violence, and stalking. A common criticism of experience with police following a traumatic occurrence of sexual or interpersonal violence is inappropriate attitude and conduct on behalf of law enforcement agents. Trauma and victim centered training may improve police responding within this field; however, the training received is variable (Campbell et al., 2019; Kinney et al., 2007). In this study, ten participants answered interview or survey items detailing the extent of …