Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Transgenesis In Animal Agriculture: Addressing Animal Health And Welfare Concerns, Michael Greger

Michael Greger, MD, FACLM

The US Food and Drug Administration’s final Guidance for Industry on the regulation of transgenesis in animal agriculture has paved the way for the commercialization of genetically engineered (GE) farm animals. The production-related diseases associated with extant breeding technologies are reviewed, as well as the predictable welfare consequences of continued emphasis on prolificacy at the potential expense of physical fitness. Areas in which biotechnology could be used to improve the welfare of animals while maintaining profitability are explored along with regulatory schema to improve agency integration in GE animal oversight.

Trait Selection And Welfare Of Genetically Engineered Animals In Agriculture, Michael Greger

Michael Greger, MD, FACLM

The release of the Final Guidance from the US Food and Drug Administration on the commercialization of genetically engineered animals has sparked renewed discussion over the ethical, consumer, and regulatory implications of transgenesis in animal agriculture. Animal welfare critiques have focused on unexpected phenotypic effects in animals used in transgenic research, rather than on the health and welfare implications of the intended productivity enhancement. Unless breeding goals are redefined to reflect social concerns, the occurrence and magnitude of undesirable side effects may increase and consumer confidence in the nascent technology may be undermined.

The Effect Of Biotechnology And Biofuels On U.S. Corn Belt Cropping Systems., Scott Fausti, Evert Van Der Sluis, Bahir Qasmi, Jonathan Lundgren

Economics Staff Paper Series

The effects of transgenic crop and federal biofuel policy on state-level cropping patterns in the Corn Belt region are investigated (2000-2012). The literature links the expansion of corn acreage to the supplanting of small grain and hay acreage in this region. Empirical evidence generated by a random intercept model with fixed effects indicates that the intensification of corn acres planted was positively impacted by biotech advancements in energy and agriculture. This suggests producers are moving away from diverse cropping patterns and the rotational practices associated with a diverse crop planting strategy. However, the empirical evidence suggests that the effects of …

An Examination Of Entrepreneurial Orientation In Dedicated Biotechnology Firms: Context Matters, Dorothy Mary Kirkman, Dt Ogilvie

Organization Management Journal

The goal of this article is to explore under what contexts do biotechnology firms exhibit an entrepreneurial orientation? To achieve this goal, we assess entrepreneurial orientation as a configuration and individual dimension across three contexts: organizational structure, location, and age. Analyses of survey data from U.S. biotechnology firms indicate that ownership structure was the only contextual factor to yield differences in biotechnology firms’ entrepreneurial orientation when assessed as a configuration. However, the analysis identified differences at the multidimensional level within all three contexts. Both theoretical and practical implications of our findings are provided.

Biotechnology: Can The Transatlantic Trade And Investment Partnership Reconcile Eu And Us Differences On Gmos?, Claude Chereau

Economics & Business Analytics Faculty Publications

The US and EU have announced negotiations for a free trade agreement to be completed by end of 2014. While tariff barriers between the two entities are limited, their trade is encumbered with non-tariff barriers (NTBs), one of them being their diverging approach to genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in the agriculture and food industries. The US operates from a science-based perspective while the EU relies on the precautionary principle. This paper reviews the developments of GMOs in both the US and EU and draws on measures outlined in international organizations and recent trade agreements to explore options for the US …

Horses As Sources Of Proprietary Information: Commercialization, Conservation, And Compensation Pursuant To The Convention On Biological Diversity, Haley Mcclory, Stanley Kowalski

Law Faculty Scholarship

Horses indigenous to East and Southeast (E/SE) Asia, including native, landrace, feral, and wild populations, embody valuable genetic diversity. Conservation efforts for animals have largely been driven by humane altruism, with little consideration for the information value of genomes. Yet, if horses are viewed as archives of information as well as objects of affection, their conservation shifts to a market-based paradigm. Horse genetic resources (GR) likely contain significant value to the lucrative global horse industry, including veterinary applications such as diagnostics, therapeutics, genetic markers, gene therapies, and cloning technologies. As biotechnology becomes increasingly sophisticated, mining of horse GR will accelerate, …

The Effects Of Gmo Deregulation On Global Food Security And Biotechnological Acceptance, Alex Rodroguez

Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.

The Costs Of Changing Our Minds, Nita A. Farahany

Faculty Scholarship

This isn’t quite a draft yet – it’s a concept paper. You’ll see after the first 10 pages a good bit of text in brackets, which are primarily notes for me, but it’ll give you a sense of the content of those sections. I’d like to talk through the concept – the “duty” to mitigate emotional distress damages and how courts have struggled with it, as a foray into a broader dichotomy that I see in a number of areas of law that suggest an implicit value in “cognitive liberty.” This is a smaller version of a broader book project …

Understanding Biopharmaceutical Employment Growth In North Carolina: A "Working Regions" Approach, Laura Wolf-Powers

Laura Wolf-Powers

Scholars of the life sciences industry argue that spatial linkages between research and production have been critical to the growth of the biotechnology and biopharmaceutical sectors. (Feldman and Ronzio, 2001, 2006; Pisano, 1997). More recently, work by Jennifer Clark has suggested that firms in innovation-intensive industries gain competitive advantage from localized supply chains and close control over the manufacturing process. Clark contends that the co-location of design and production makes for regional economies that are innovative and resilient as well as more socially equitable (2013).

Because it has been difficult to understand spatial relationships between manufacturing and R&D using establishment …