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Articles 1 - 28 of 28
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Technology Capacity Development Through Oss Implementation: The Case Of Public Higher Education Institutions In Ethiopia, Nigussie Tadesse Mengesha
Technology Capacity Development Through Oss Implementation: The Case Of Public Higher Education Institutions In Ethiopia, Nigussie Tadesse Mengesha
The African Journal of Information Systems
The Open Source Software (OSS) literature gives little attention to the study and practice of domain specific end-user OSS implementation in general and in the public sector of developing countries (DCs) in particular. This paper, however, investigates the trajectories of two OSS-based information systems (IS) implementation projects in a developing country (DC) context with the aim to uncover the practice-based learning and resource sharing evident among locally situated and globally dispersed developers and users. The result of the interpretative case study research shows that the OSS philosophy and practice of software development, implementation and ownership, facilitates for the emergence of …
Accessing Ict Enabled Content In Low-Income Countries: Think Big, Start Small, And Scale Up, Solomon Negash
Accessing Ict Enabled Content In Low-Income Countries: Think Big, Start Small, And Scale Up, Solomon Negash
Faculty and Research Publications
While the digital revolution has transformed the way many of us work and live, more than half the world's population lives in rural areas that have been shut-out of the digital transformation. Low-income countries have yet to realize the benefits from the digital revolution; therefore, a need exists for innovative and alternative models to overcome the lack of access to knowledge and learning. This paper examines the challenges faced by low-income countries in accessing ICT enabled content and proposes a Big-Small model where low-income countries can harness the ICT revolution. This paper concludes with a discussion on sustainability and future …
Aiding And Abetting: Human Rights Ingos And Domestic Protest, Amanda Murdie, Tavishi Bhasin
Aiding And Abetting: Human Rights Ingos And Domestic Protest, Amanda Murdie, Tavishi Bhasin
Faculty and Research Publications
This article studies the effects of human rights international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) on domestic antigovernment protest. Unlike mainstream scholarship, the authors argue that human rights INGOs are not simply the magic bullet in orchestrating nonviolent protests; different types of human rights INGO activity have varying effects on protest. Moreover, some human rights INGO activities may lead to higher levels of violent protest. The empirical tests use new data on the activities of over 400 human rights INGOs and domestic nonviolent and violent protest globally from 1991 to 2004. The authors find that increases in human rights INGO activities reflecting a …
Rethinking Imperialism And Resistance In West Africa: Historiographic Connections For The Classroom, Michael Christopher Low
Rethinking Imperialism And Resistance In West Africa: Historiographic Connections For The Classroom, Michael Christopher Low
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Even in the postcolonial era, West African history remains plagued by Eurocentric myths and media-driven stereotypes. Though specialists have been struggling with this problem for decades, a rift remains between the elite world of academia and the African history being taught in American schools. In an attempt to bridge this gap, this essay provides a case study and a list of suggested resources designed to help nonspecialist world history teachers rethink European colonial power and its impact on our conception of African history. Through its examination of how West African responses to imperialism interacted with, adapted to, and were ultimately …
What The 2000 U.S. Census Tells Us About The Kenyan Diaspora, Martin Mbaya, Paulsen Mrina, Michael J. Levin
What The 2000 U.S. Census Tells Us About The Kenyan Diaspora, Martin Mbaya, Paulsen Mrina, Michael J. Levin
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
The 2000 U.S. Decennial Census produced profiles of Kenya-born and other Africa-born immigrants for the first time. These tabulations provide useful information about the counts and demographic, social, economic, and housing characteristics of Kenyans living in the United States. This paper compares the characteristics of the East Africa born with the U.S. born, as well as with all U.S. Blacks. Overall, the data show a classic brain drain in the emigration from the East African community as people relocate and settle down in the United States. The East African diaspora represents a crucial cross section of Africa's top minds in …
Brain Drain, Waste Or Gain? What We Know About The Kenyan Case, Ruth Uwaifo Oyelere
Brain Drain, Waste Or Gain? What We Know About The Kenyan Case, Ruth Uwaifo Oyelere
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Over the last three decades, Kenya and many other countries in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) have experienced rapid emigration to the developed world. The general view is that emigration from developing countries especially Africa has led to brain drain and brain waste. However, recent research on emigration from Mexico provides evidence of significant gains from emigration. This recent finding highlights the importance of looking at individual countries' diasporas. In this review paper, I focus on trends in the Kenyan diaspora. More importantly, I summarize what we know from the literature and data on Kenya with respect to issues of brain …
Diaspora In Global Development: First Generation Immigrants From Kenya, Transnational Ties, And Emerging Alternatives, Maria M. Kioko
Diaspora In Global Development: First Generation Immigrants From Kenya, Transnational Ties, And Emerging Alternatives, Maria M. Kioko
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Transnational ties form an important aspect of immigrants' experiences. Using ethnographic accounts of 38 first generation immigrants from Kenya this study analyzed (a) why and how participants maintain ties, (b) characteristics of the ties, and (c) the degree to which ties influence immigrants' experiences. Findings revealed that participants connected to Kenya through social, economic, and political transnational practices. Ties took on a U-shaped curve with the highest intensity at points of arrival and after extended stay in the United States. While participants had moved spatially, their values and attitudes remained static resulting in "particularistic" development efforts. This demonstrated how ethnicity, …
The Role Of The Kenyan Diaspora In Constructing A New Political Culture And Identity, Eric Masinde Aseka
The Role Of The Kenyan Diaspora In Constructing A New Political Culture And Identity, Eric Masinde Aseka
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This paper focuses on the need for and the prospects of a congenial politics of identity construction in Kenya as spearheaded by the country's diasporic communities. It identifies and interrogates the intersection of consciousness and historical experience as the basis of such identity construction. It posits the leadership function as a critical component in this process and points out how mismanagement of the African polity has led to swelling ranks of refugees. These émigrés have contributed to the making of a global Africa embodied in the Black Diaspora. This diaspora can help reconstruct the politics of identity within Kenya as …
A Clashing Viewpoint Concerning India: A Critique Of Goldman Sachs 2007 Report, Ashok K. Roy, Aniruddha Bagchi
A Clashing Viewpoint Concerning India: A Critique Of Goldman Sachs 2007 Report, Ashok K. Roy, Aniruddha Bagchi
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
The centerpiece of the 2007 Report by Goldman Sachs is the prediction of India's phenomenal economic growth and power in the next few decades. In this article we critique the conceptual validity of that prognosis. In particular, we highlight several hard and soft infrastructure impediments to India's emergence as a major economic power.
Globalization And The Unending Frontier: An Overview, Olutayo C. Adesina
Globalization And The Unending Frontier: An Overview, Olutayo C. Adesina
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
The decisive events and the determining forces unleashed by globalization hold on the one hand, the potential for expanding the scope of political, social and economic processes, and on the other, erode people's connection to the way they live, the people they live with and the places they live in. They also intensify alienation and disengagement. The essays, themes, arguments and macro-level analysis in this volume try to make sense of the dynamics of globalization. They survey the potentials of the phenomenon and forces of globalization, and the capacity of these highly disruptive and contentious change processes to direct, affect …
Forging A Link: Diaspora Developmental Activities For The Homeland, The Case Of Eko Club International, Hakeem Ibikunle Tijani
Forging A Link: Diaspora Developmental Activities For The Homeland, The Case Of Eko Club International, Hakeem Ibikunle Tijani
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This paper focuses on relatively unknown Diaspora group (Eko Club International-ECI)) analyzing its activities both in the Diaspora and the homeland. My attempt is to present a tentative survey of the activities of the association within the last seven years. Despite being recent, the ECI has made remarkable impacts through social and developmental projects) members) monthly financial contributions) and networking with government in the homeland. Unlike exiting studies about Diaspora associations) this paper is not about remittances by Lagosians in the Diaspora. Rather) it is about their efforts at collective social and developmental projects for the homeland.
"Globalization As The Ultimate Evil": Reading Turkey's Extreme Right And Extreme Left Political Parties' Views Of Globalization, H. Bahadir Turk
"Globalization As The Ultimate Evil": Reading Turkey's Extreme Right And Extreme Left Political Parties' Views Of Globalization, H. Bahadir Turk
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Turkey has been witnessing multi-dimensional debates concerning the question of globalization. What is particularly striking is that Turkey's extreme right and extreme left wing parties, which are literally enemies of each other, have been meeting at the same anti-globalist point by using the same rhetoric. In this study, the central argument is that Turkey's new political context has given rise to this anomaly. Analyzing why these parties detest the globalization process, this article focuses on the dynamics of Turkey's political context through globalization debates and discusses the dimensions of the alliance between these anti-globalist political parties.
Globalization: Acculturation Or Cultural Erosion? A Historical Reflection, Bolanle Awe
Globalization: Acculturation Or Cultural Erosion? A Historical Reflection, Bolanle Awe
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This paper is a historical reflection on contemporary African culture history. It situates globalization within the context of Africa's role in the world. It examines the human dimension, the interaction of human beings globally, the migration of people from their original homes, and their settlement in new abodes. In addition, migration has raised the issue of the status of migrants in their adopted countries. Indeed, the growing incidence of African migration is currently at the center of various debates on the African continent and in the host countries.
Islam, Globalization, And Freedom Of Expression, Muhammad Daiyabu Hassan
Islam, Globalization, And Freedom Of Expression, Muhammad Daiyabu Hassan
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
The exercise of freedom of expression by a segment of the secular establishment, mainly among members of the literary and intellectual elite in the West, in relation to Islam, constitutes a major obstacle in the search for common grounds between the Islamic world and the West. Due to historical factors, the church seems to have assented to the continuous secular attacks on Christianity. Some examples in this regard are Dan Brown's Da Vinci Code and Martins Scorsese's film adaptation of Nikos Kazanstzaki's The Last Temptation of Christ. To this segment of Western secular cultural thinkers, nothing is sacred. The …
Early Childhood Care And Education For All In 2015: Is This A Mirage In Nigeria?, Esther A. Oduolowu
Early Childhood Care And Education For All In 2015: Is This A Mirage In Nigeria?, Esther A. Oduolowu
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This paper examines the possibility of the provision of Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) for all children from birth to age five in Nigeria by 2015. In the paper are the history of preschool education in Nigeria) situation of ECCE worldwide in the 1980s) and the, global trends in basic education in the 1990s. The paper also examines the limitations of the attempt and offers probable solutions.
A Forward-Looking Commentary: China's Agricultural Development, Priya A. Roy
A Forward-Looking Commentary: China's Agricultural Development, Priya A. Roy
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This paper describes China's agricultural development before the reform period from institutional, economic, and ideological perspectives; the reform period; the 11th 5-year plan; and the current situation. The paper gives two case examples of the Soviet Union and India. Finally, the paper ends with a discussion of what this means for China.
Turkey As A Catalyst For The Alliance Of Civilizations, Umut Uzer
Turkey As A Catalyst For The Alliance Of Civilizations, Umut Uzer
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
The Alliance of Civilizations (AoC) project offers opportunity spaces for the United Nations as well as for Spain and Turkey to tackle the issues of radicalism and animosities between different cultures. This article puts the AoC in its historical and political context by analyzing the relevance of Turkish foreign policy and the ruling Justice and Development Party)s (JDP) orientation to domestic and foreign affairs. The AoC fits within the framework of JDP's inclinations to solve all problems with its neighbors as well as with its manifest or latent Muslim identity. The major question is whether Turkey continues to perceive itself …
Turkey: Politics At The Crossroads Of Civilizations, Maia Carter Hallward
Turkey: Politics At The Crossroads Of Civilizations, Maia Carter Hallward
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This article discusses how Turkey is often under-studied due to the fact that it does not fit neatly into the analytical "boxes" used to discuss international politics. Not only does Turkey straddle Europe and Asia, but it is one of few Middle Eastern countries that was not ruled by Western empires (and, in fact, controlled parts of Europe). It is a non-Arab secular democracy currently governed by a Muslim-oriented party. Because of these unique characteristics, scholars and policy makers have much to learn from Turkey and its approach to challenging issues of regional concern.
Cubans, ¡Si!; Haitians, ¡No!: U.S. Immigration Policy, Cultural Politics, And Immigrant Eligibility, Michele Zebich-Knos
Cubans, ¡Si!; Haitians, ¡No!: U.S. Immigration Policy, Cultural Politics, And Immigrant Eligibility, Michele Zebich-Knos
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
No abstract provided.
Modern Migration In Ghana And Mali: A Comparison Of Urban Migration Patterns, Dan Page, Mark W. Patterson, Kay Reeve
Modern Migration In Ghana And Mali: A Comparison Of Urban Migration Patterns, Dan Page, Mark W. Patterson, Kay Reeve
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
West Africa has a long tradition of human migration. Since the era of European colonization and during the twentieth century much of this migration has been rural to urban. This paper analyzes statistical data, observations, and interviews to compare the impacts of this migration on the cities of Bamako, Mali and Accra, Ghana. This analysis supports the conclusions that rural to urban migration in Ghana has resulted in the creation of an urban subsistence existence and an increased number of people participating in the informal sector of the economy. It further shows that when compared with Ghana, internal migration patterns …
Africa's Debt Crisis: Perspectives On Nigeria's Escape From External Debt Trap, Solomon O. Akinboye
Africa's Debt Crisis: Perspectives On Nigeria's Escape From External Debt Trap, Solomon O. Akinboye
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
In sharp contrast with the image of an "oil-rich" country, Nigeria is paradoxically a heavily indebted poor country. While the country's oil production reached 2.5 million barrels per day in 2004, its total external debt stock at the end of 2004 was estimated at $35.9 billion. The debt crisis has been aggravated by the burden of debt servicing, which has absorbed the nation's budgetary and foreign exchange resources with deleterious impact on the critical sectors of the economy. The paper critically examines Nigeria's external debt profile and efforts toward its alleviation. It argues that the debt burden constitutes a major …
Affirmative Action As A Dimension Of Diversity Management: Perceptions Of South African Sport Federations, Anneliese Goslin, Darlene Kluka
Affirmative Action As A Dimension Of Diversity Management: Perceptions Of South African Sport Federations, Anneliese Goslin, Darlene Kluka
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Affirmative action in the transformation process of South African sport aims at balancing the concerns of white sport participants with the aspirations of participants of color. The aims of this study are to determine perceptions of South African sport federations in diversity management and the affirmative action profile of South African sport federations, and to suggest strategies to manage affirmative action. A Likert scale questionnaire evaluated perceptions of 32 sport federations on affirmative action factors. Below-average scores were recorded on affirmative action policy and the provision of specialized training opportunities. Political rather than managerial reasons are regarded as the leading …
Redefining Nairobi's Streets: Study Of Slang, Marginalization, And Identity, Mungai Mutonya
Redefining Nairobi's Streets: Study Of Slang, Marginalization, And Identity, Mungai Mutonya
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This study attempts an analysis of a restructured Swahili variety spoken by Nairobi's street community: Kinoki. Adapting tools of sociolinguistic inquiry and focusing on Kinoki's divergence from the dominant urban slang, Sheng, the study discusses attitudes toward divergent terms referencing the street community, street activities, and law enforcement officials. Results indicate that street children, unlike their school-going peers living in the city's low-income neighborhoods, redefine pejoratives that devalue and stigmatize street people and their lifestyle. Instead, Kinoki empowers the marginalized community to construct a positive identity, to ameliorate representations of street lifestyle, and to redefine neologisms that reference in-group ( …
The Emerging National Culture Of Kenya: Decolonizing Modernity, Olubayi Olubayi
The Emerging National Culture Of Kenya: Decolonizing Modernity, Olubayi Olubayi
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Kenya exists as a legitimate nation state that is recognized by the United Nations and by other countries. This paper is an exploration of, and a response to, the following two questions: "Is there a national culture of Kenya?" and "what is the relationship between the national culture of Kenya and the 50 ethnic cultures of Kenya?" The evidence indicates that a distinct national culture of Kenya has emerged and continues to grow stronger as it simultaneously borrows from, reorganizes, and lends to, the 50 ancient ethnic cultures of Kenya. The emerging national culture of Kenya has several strong dimensions …
Representation In Kenya, Its Diaspora, And Academia: Colonial Legacies In Constructions Of Knowledge About Kenya's Coast, Jesse Benjamin
Representation In Kenya, Its Diaspora, And Academia: Colonial Legacies In Constructions Of Knowledge About Kenya's Coast, Jesse Benjamin
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This paper explores the construction of knowledge in Kenya in the context and aftermath of colonialism and underdevelopment. Those communities that were politically and economically marginalized in Coast Province over the past century were also displaced in terms of academic opportunities, resulting in fewer social science scholars from Mijikenda and other non-Swahili communities in both Kenyan and diaspora universities. Underdevelopment studies in Africa and Kenya are briefly reviewed, and the colonial history of asymmetric social relations at coastal Kenya is traced. Finally, key debates over identity and history are examined within this context and shown to be exacerbated by diasporic …
Africa's Contemporary Global Migrations: Patterns, Perils, And Possibilities, Paul Tiyambe Zeleza
Africa's Contemporary Global Migrations: Patterns, Perils, And Possibilities, Paul Tiyambe Zeleza
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
The literature on international migration is dominated by economic and political perspectives. This paper begins with the culturalist readings to remind ourselves that there is more to international migration than the search for greener pastures or flight from political terror. It is about the movement of human beings, a story that is as old as humanity itself, going back to the great migrations within and out of Africa to populate the planet. But those who advance the culturalist perspectives also need to be reminded that in our contemporary world more often than not people migrate to sell their labor power …
What Is Globalization To Post-Colonialism? An Apologia For African Literature, Ameh Dennis Akoh
What Is Globalization To Post-Colonialism? An Apologia For African Literature, Ameh Dennis Akoh
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Globalization is easily understood as part of the continuing history of imperialism, indeed, of capitalist development and expansion. Have the imperial structures really been dismantled, even though the empire, free as they politically seem after independence, still writes back to the (imperial) center? This paper probes into the angelic posture that globalization seems to assume in its tackling of these complexities of identities. In this age of the clamor for national literatures and criticism, which is a fundamental principle of postcolonial literatures, will globalization automatically erode the idea of a postcolonial world and literatures? Is post-colonialism in its present phase …
Basic Education And Education For All In Nigeria: The Role Of Multinational Corporations, Mary Plangnan Haggai
Basic Education And Education For All In Nigeria: The Role Of Multinational Corporations, Mary Plangnan Haggai
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
In spite of the concerted efforts made by the Nigerian government at funding the Universal Basic Education (UBE) in the country, 11 million children of school age are still out of school. To augment the funding, the paper proposes the involvement of multinational corporations. Participation in UBE is seen as a tangible Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) project that will have direct impact on the host communities in such a way that will eliminate the hostilities of the host communities towards multinational corporations.