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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Quantitative Analysis Of Pinedale Landforms, Beartooth Mountains, Montana And Wyoming, William Graf
Quantitative Analysis Of Pinedale Landforms, Beartooth Mountains, Montana And Wyoming, William Graf
William L. Graf
The spatial distribution of terminal moraines in alpine valleys can be quantitatively described using distance/regression models. Surface parameters indicative of age may also be numerically analyzed. Evaluation of postglacial modification of valley sides between terminal moraines provides an additional indicator of relative age of valley segments. Analysis of the geomorphology of alpine features in the upper Rock Creek drainage in the southeastern Beartooth Mountains, Montana, shows that glaciers in this area deposited evidence of two Bull Lake, four Pinedale, and two Neo glacial advances.
The Geomorphology Of The Glacial Valley Cross Section, William Graf
The Geomorphology Of The Glacial Valley Cross Section, William Graf
William L. Graf
Several alpine valley systems in the southeastern Beartooth Mountains, Montana and Wyoming, have been examined using techniques similar to methods of stream system analysis. The general equation y = a x**b is the most adequate mathematical model for the cross valley profile; b values range between 1.5 and 2.0, indicating a parabolic form. As intensity of erosion increases in the glacial valley system, the b value also increases, indicating relatively deeper and narrower valley cross sections. The law of stream numbers, the law of stream lengths, and the bifurcation ratio, derived from fluvial geomorphology, are also applicable in glacial geomorphology.
Cirques As Glacier Locations, William Graf
Cirques As Glacier Locations, William Graf
William L. Graf
A comparison between the 319 cirques that contain glaciers and a sample of 240 empty cirques in the Rocky Mountains shows that in the present climatic situation, landforms are strong factors in determining the locations of glaciers. An optimum glacier location is a large cirque facing northeast, with a planimetric shape of width greater than length, high steep walls, a pass located to the windward, and a peak to the southwest. Glaciers survive in the present climatic conditions because of a geomorphic feedback system, whereby glaciers are protected by cirque forms that owe their morphology to glacial processes.
Issues Concerning Phreatophyte Clearing, Revegetation, And Water Savings Along The Gila River, Arizona, William Graf, Duncan Patten, Bonnie Turner
Issues Concerning Phreatophyte Clearing, Revegetation, And Water Savings Along The Gila River, Arizona, William Graf, Duncan Patten, Bonnie Turner
William L. Graf
A detailed analysis of the published results of the U. S. Geological Survey Phreatophyte Project conducted in the area of interest for the Corps of Engineers Camelsback Dam study provides the following results. It appears that the figure of 18.53 inches per year for water savings from phreatophyte clearing along the Gila River in southeast Arizona should not be used for predicting potential water salvage because of large sampling errors, measurement errors, and the inherent variability of the natural processes of evapotranspiration. An extensive literature review shows that no dependable values are available for the Gila River project area. It …
Coherent Structures And Aeolian Saltation, Jean Ellis
Coherent Structures And Aeolian Saltation, Jean Ellis
Jean Taylor Ellis
Aeolian sand transport models, widely employed by coastal scientists and managers, assume temporal and spatial homogeneity within the saltation field. This research questions that assumption by demonstrating that the saltation field is event-driven, therefore indicating that the saltation field is not temporally steady. The findings from this research may explain a portion of the conclusions from previous studies that indicated inequalities between model-estimated and field-measured aeolian sand transport. The relationship between unsteadiness in a turbulent wind field and pulses in a sand transport field was investigated on a beach near Shoalhaven Heads, New South Wales, Australia. Microphone-based saltation sensors, “miniphones,” …