Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Cognition (2)
- Adaptive responses in social interaction (1)
- Attachment (1)
- Audiotapes of tone of voice (1)
- Conflict (1)
-
- DSM-IV criteria for AS (1)
- Developmental disorder (1)
- High-functioning autism (1)
- Immunohistochemical (1)
- Intervention (1)
- Intimacy (1)
- Lifestyle (1)
- Loneliness (1)
- Memory (1)
- Metabolism (1)
- Neuronal activity (1)
- Parent (1)
- Personality (1)
- Photographs of facial expression (1)
- Post traumatic (1)
- Prevention (1)
- Social impairment (1)
- Social network analysis (1)
- Stress (1)
- Teen (1)
- Tobacco (1)
- Traumatic brain injury (1)
- Verbal (1)
- Violence (1)
- Virginia (1)
Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Gender And Ethnic Differences In Perceived Stress As A Predictor Of Smoking Behaviors In Rural Adolescents, Lashanda R. Jones
Gender And Ethnic Differences In Perceived Stress As A Predictor Of Smoking Behaviors In Rural Adolescents, Lashanda R. Jones
Theses and Dissertations
Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were conducted to examine the impact of perceived stress on current and future smoking behaviors of rural Virginia middle school students. Data were analyzed for 685 sixth grade students and 554 seventh grade students. Sixth grade students were 52% male, 53% Caucasian American (CA), and 47% African American (AA). For 7th graders, the sample was 53% female and 56% CA (44% AA). Of the 685 sixth grade students, 7% reported that they had smoked cigarettes at least once during the past 30 days (n=46,63% male and 67% CA). By the 7th grade, the percentage of smokers …
Emotion Perception In Asperger's Syndrome And High-Functioning Autism: The Importance Of Diagnostic Criteria And Cue Intensity, Carla Ann Mazefsky
Emotion Perception In Asperger's Syndrome And High-Functioning Autism: The Importance Of Diagnostic Criteria And Cue Intensity, Carla Ann Mazefsky
Theses and Dissertations
Asperger's syndrome (AS) is a pervasive developmental disorder that is associated with marked social dysfunction. Deficits in the perception of nonverbal cues of emotion may be related to this social impairment. Research has indicated that children with autism are limited in their emotion perception abilities, but studies that have addressed this issue with individuals with AS or high-functioning autism (HFA) have yielded inconsistent findings. These inconsistencies may be related to methodological differences across studies including diagnostic criteria and failure to consider the intensity of the emotion cues. It was hypothesized that children with AS and HFA would both have deficits …
The Effects Of Aniracetam Treatment On Cognitive Performance And Ampa Receptor Glur2 Subunit Expression After Moderate Fluid Percussion Injury In Rats, Anna Igorevna Baranova
The Effects Of Aniracetam Treatment On Cognitive Performance And Ampa Receptor Glur2 Subunit Expression After Moderate Fluid Percussion Injury In Rats, Anna Igorevna Baranova
Theses and Dissertations
In addition to the acute pathology produced by traumatic brain injury, there are chronic alterations that occur after the trauma, including a depressed state of neuronal activity (Feeney, 1991). This study included a preclinical testing of a novel treatment strategy focusing on increasing neuronal activity during the chronic hypofunctional posttraumatic stage. The present investigation tested the effects of repeated post-injury aniracetam administration on cognitive performance in the Morris water maze (MWM) and on the GluR2 - immunoreactivity and protein expression by Western blot analysis in the hippocampus. The first study examined the optimal dose of aniracetam in the MWM task. …
Childhood Exposure To Interparental Conflict: Memory Biases And Intergenerational Patterns Of Conflict In Romantic Relationships, Christine A. Nelson
Childhood Exposure To Interparental Conflict: Memory Biases And Intergenerational Patterns Of Conflict In Romantic Relationships, Christine A. Nelson
Theses and Dissertations
Testing a model that explains the ways in which interparental conflict shapes later intimate relationships was the goal of the present study. Participants were 94 college students at Virginia Commonwealth University, a large state university with a diverse student body. The study found that violence occurs with alarming frequency in the dating relationships of university students. Analyses also revealed an intergenerational pattern of violence in which individuals from high conflict homes were more likely to use violent conflict resolution strategies in their own adult romantic relationships. Specifically, young adults from homes characterized by high levels of verbal conflict and minor …
Memory Matters Ii: Predictors Of Self-Care Behaviors In Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes, Sari A. Soutor
Memory Matters Ii: Predictors Of Self-Care Behaviors In Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes, Sari A. Soutor
Theses and Dissertations
Type 1 diabetes and associated hypoglycemia can result in verbal memory difficulties, yet the role of memory in daily diabetes self-care has not been evaluated for young adults. Subtests from two well-standardized memory measures were administered to 34 young adults with type 1 diabetes, aged 18-29, in this pilot study. Self-care behaviors were assessed through 24-hour diabetes care interviews, while HbAlc indicated metabolic control. Verbal associative memory uniquely accounted for 12% of the variance in blood glucose testing frequency (p p p p = .06. Single-trial verbal memory uniquely predicted 10% of the variance in metabolic control (p p < .05. Importantly, memory was the only significant predictor in each model, which indicates memory, rather than overall cognitive capacity or financial/educational resources, relates to self-care behaviors/health status. Memory, a novel factor not previously evaluated in the quest to better understand daily disease management for young adults with diabetes, is significantly related to central self-care behaviors and metabolic control. Memory predictors likely warrant additional research and clinical attention such that eventually, intervention studies might identify strategies or compensatory aids that could improve young adults' self-care behaviors and health status through facilitating better memory functioning.
The Social Network And Attachment Bases Of Loneliness, David M. Ouellette
The Social Network And Attachment Bases Of Loneliness, David M. Ouellette
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis tests Robert S. Weiss's 1973 theory of loneliness, which claims two types of loneliness: emotional and social. Emotional loneliness is the affective reaction to the absence of a close attachment bond. Social loneliness stems from inadequate integration into a social network. Undergraduate residents of a university dormitory completed questionnaires on loneliness, attachment, personality, and relationships with other dorm residents. Patterns of relational ties among participants were evaluated using social network analysis, specifically density, tie strength, and four forms of centrality. Results reveal that, while controlling for neuroticism, the network measure of outdegree and the two attachment dimensions accounted …