Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Classes Of Logic Programs Which Possess Unique Supported Models, Anthony K. Seda, Pascal Hitzler

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

Logic programming is concerned with the use of logic as a programming language. The main manifestation of this computing paradigm is in the various versions of Prolog which are now available, in which computation is viewed as deduction from sets of Horn clauses, although there is also growing interest in the related form known as answer set programming, see [10]. The reference [1] contains a good survey of the growth of logic programming over the last twenty-five years both as a stand-alone programming language and as a software component of large information systems. One advantage a logic program P has …

Semantic Web And Information Brokering: Opportunities, Commercialization, And Challenges, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

From the chairs' report published in SIGMOD record: The keynote address entitled 'Semantic Web and Information Brokering: Opportunities, Early Commercializations, and Challenges' was delivered by Amit Sheth (University of Georgia and Taalee Corp). Sheth characterized semantics as the next step in the evolution of the WWW and stressed the importance of semantically organized information for supporting ubiquitous, powerful, accurate and efficient access to this information. Sheth also reviewed proposals for semantic interoperability frameworks such as the DAML(DARPA Agent Mark-Up Language), the Oingo family of tools for defining concepts and extracting knowledge from large databases, as well as several scenarios on …

Exception Handling In Workflow Systems, Zongwei Luo, Amit P. Sheth, Krzysztof J. Kochut, John A. Miller

Kno.e.sis Publications

In this paper, defeasible workflow is proposed as a framework to support exception handling for workflow management. By using the “justified” ECA rules to capture more contexts in workflow modeling, defeasible workflow uses context dependent reasoning to enhance the exception handling capability of workflow management systems. In particular, this limits possible alternative exception handler candidates in dealing with exceptional situations. Furthermore, a case-based reasoning (CBR) mechanism with integrated human involvement is used to improve the exception handling capabilities. This involves collecting cases to capture experiences in handling exceptions, retrieving similar prior exception handling cases, and reusing the exception handling experiences …

Image-Based Change Detection Using An Integrated Spatiotemporal Gazetteer, Georgios Mountrakis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis addresses image-based change detection. Motivation was provided by the lack of algorithms that incorporate in their solution diverse types of pre-existing and complementary information and have the ability to interact with a spatiotemporal environment. The main differentiation with our approach is that we develop our algorithm within an integrated spatiotemporal environment and we make use of all change evidence that might exist within that environment. In addition, a change resolution model is developed that will distinguish meaningful changes based on user requirements. A model for change is proposed that establishes a general framework for the incorporation of image …

Dimensionality Reduction Using Genetic Algorithms, Michael L. Raymer, William F. Punch, Erik D. Goodman, Leslie A. Kuhn, Anil K. Jain

Kno.e.sis Publications

Pattern recognition generally requires that objects be described in terms of a set of measurable features. The selection and quality of the features representing each pattern affect the success of subsequent classification. Feature extraction is the process of deriving new features from original features to reduce the cost of feature measurement, increase classifier efficiency, and allow higher accuracy. Many feature extraction techniques involve linear transformations of the original pattern vectors to new vectors of lower dimensionality. While this is useful for data visualization and classification efficiency, it does not necessarily reduce the number of features to be measured since each …

A New Fixed-Point Theorem For Logic Programming Semantics, Anthony K. Seda, Pascal Hitzler

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

We present a new fixed-point theorem akin to the Banach contraction mapping theorem, but in the context of a novel notion of generalized metric space, and show how it can be applied to analyse the denotational semantics of certain logic programs. The theorem is obtained by generalizing a theorem of Priess-Crampe and Ribenboim, which grew out of applications within valuation theory, but is also inspired by a theorem of S.G. Matthews which grew out of applications to conventional programming language semantics. The class of programs to which we apply our theorem was defined previously by us in terms of operators …

Buckets: Smart Objects For Digital Libraries, Michael L. Nelson

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

Discussion of digital libraries (DLs) is often dominated by the merits of various archives, repositories, search engines, search interfaces and database systems. While these technologies are necessary for information management, information content and information retrieval systems should progress on independent paths and each should make limited assumptions about the status or capabilities of the other. Information content is more important than the systems used for its storage and retrieval. Digital information should have the same long-term survivability prospects as traditional hardcopy information and should not be impacted by evolving search engine technologies or vendor vagaries in database management systems.

Digital …

On-Line Bayesian Speaker Adaptation By Using Tree-Structured Transformation And Robust Priors, Shaojun Wang, Yunxin Zhao

Kno.e.sis Publications

This paper presents new results by using our previously proposed on-line Bayesian learning approach for affine transformation parameter estimation in speaker adaptation. The on-line Bayesian learning technique allows updating parameter estimates after each utterance and it can accommodate flexible forms of transformation functions as well as prior probability density functions. We show through experimental results the robustness of heavy tailed priors to mismatch in prior density estimation. We also show that by properly choosing the transformation matrices and depths of hierarchical trees, recognition performance improved significantly.

Effect Of Carbopol And Polyvinylpyrrolidone On The Mechanical, Rheological, And Release Properties Of Bioadhesive Polyethylene Glycol Gels, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Local Properties Of Query Languages, Guozhu Dong, Leonid Libkin, Limsoon Wong

Kno.e.sis Publications

In this paper we study the expressiveness of local queries. By locality we mean — informally — that in order to check if a tuple belongs to the result of a query, one only has to look at a certain predetermined portion of the input. Examples include all relational calculus queries. We start by proving a general result describing outputs of local queries. This result leads to many easy inexpressibility proofs for local queries. We then consider a closely related property, namely, the bounded degree property. It describes the outputs of local queries on structures that locally look “simple.” Every …

Perl For Librarians (Workshop On The Practical Extraction And Reporting Language), Patrick Yott, Christopher Hoebeke

Christopher H Hoebeke

No abstract provided.

Two Schools Of Thought About The Political Psychology Of The Internet, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes and critiques two common assumptions about the psychopolitical consequences of continual modification and dispersal of the Internet.

Human Fallacies And Personnel Security: James Deutch And Wen Ho Lee, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes psychological phenomena that can easily subvert personnel security standards in government, the military, and business.

Cataloging Expert Systems: Optimism And Frustrated Reality, William Olmstadt

E-JASL 1999-2009 (Volumes 1-10)

There is little question that computers have profoundly changed how information professionals work. The process of cataloging and classifying library materials was one of the first activities transformed by information technology. The introduction of the MARC format in the 1960s and the creation of national bibliographic utilities in the 1970s had a lasting impact on cataloging. In the 1980s, the affordability of microcomputers made the computer accessible for cataloging, even to small libraries. This trend toward automating library processes with computers parallels a broader societal interest in the use of computers to organize and store information. Following World War II, …

The Space Of Jumping Emerging Patterns And Its Incremental Maintenance, Jinyan Li, Kotagiri Ramamohanarao, Guozhu Dong

Kno.e.sis Publications

The concept of jumping emerging patterns (JEPs) has been proposed to describe those discriminating features which only occur in the positive training instances but do not occur in the negative class at all; JEPs have been used to construct classifiers which generally provide better accuracy than the state-of-the-art classifiers such as C4.5. The algorithms for maintaining the space of jumping emerging patterns (JEP space) are presented in this paper. We prove that JEP spaces satisfy the property of convexity. Therefore JEP spaces can be concisely represented by two bounds: consisting respectively of the most general elements and the most specific …

Reflexive Autopoietic Dissipative Special Systems Theory, Kent D. Palmer

Kent D. Palmer

A newly discovered approach to extending General Systems Theory as defined by George Klir through a set of Special Systems is described. General Systems Theory is distinguished from the theory of Meta-systems. Then, a hinge of three special systems is identified between systems and meta-systems. These special systems are defined by algebraic analogies. Anomalous physical phenomena are specified that exemplify the structures defined by the algebraic analogies. The extraordinary efficacious properties of these special systems are explained. These include ultra-efficiency and ultra-effectiveness. These three special systems are called dissipative, autopoietic, and reflexive. They are anomalous within general systems theory and …

Unified Matrix Processor Design For Fct-Iv And Fst-Iv Hartley Based Transforms, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Census 2000 Demographic And Housing Profile Reports, Mark Salling, Ellen Cyran, Sharon Bliss

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

No abstract provided.

Main Issues Rural Women Experience With Information & Communication Technology, Teresa Maiolo

All other publications

This brief report will outline the main issues rural women encountered with information and communications technology. This information was derived from interviewing twenty-one rural women from the South West, Eastern Goldfields, Murchison, Gascoyne, and Kimberley regions of Western Australia.

Optimization Techniques For Data Intensive Decision Flows, Richard Hull, Francois Llirbat, Bharat Kumar, Gang Zhou, Guozhu Dong, Jianwen Su

Kno.e.sis Publications

For an enterprise to take advantage of the opportunities afforded by electronic commerce it must be able to make decisions about business transactions in near-real-time. In the coming era of segment-of-one marketing, these decisions will be quite intricate, so that customer treatments can be highly personalized, reflecting customer preferences, the customer's history with the enterprise, and targeted business objectives. This paper describes a paradigm called “decision flows” for specifying a form of incremental decision-making that can combine diverse business factors in near-real-time.

This paper introduces and empirically analyzes a variety of optimization strategies for decision flows that are “data-intensive”, i.e. …

Separating Auxiliary Arity Hierarchy Of First-Order Incremental Evaluation Using (3+1)-Ary Input Relations, Guozhu Dong, Louxin Zhang

Kno.e.sis Publications

Presents a first-order incremental evaluation system that uses first-order queries to maintain a database view defined by a non-first-order query. Reduction of the arity of queries to understand the power of foies; Use of a key lemma for proving a query which encodes the multiple parity problem.

Imprecise Answers In Distributed Environments: Estimation Of Information Loss For Multi-Ontology Based Query Processing, Eduardo Mena, Vipul Kashyap, Arantza Illarramendi, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

The World Wide Web is fast becoming a ubiquitous computing environment. Prevalent keyword-based search techniques are scalable, but are incapable of accessing information based on concepts. We investigate the use of concepts from multiple, real-world pre-existing, domain ontologies to describe the underlying data content and support information access at a higher level of abstraction. It is not practical to have a single domain ontology to describe the vast amounts of data on the Web. In fact, we expect multiple ontologies to be used as different world views and present an approach to "browse" ontologies as a paradigm for information access. …

Designing Electronic Casebooks That Talk Back: The Cato Program, Kevin D. Ashley

Articles

Electronic casebooks offer important benefits of flexibility in control of presentation, connectivity, and interactivity. These additional degrees of freedom, however, also threaten to overwhelm students. If casebook authors and instructors are to achieve their pedagogical goals, they will need new methods for guiding students. This paper presents three such methods developed in an intelligent tutoring environment for engaging students in legal role-playing, making abstract concepts explicit and manipulable, and supporting pedagogical dialogues. This environment is built around a program known as CATO, which employs artificial intelligence techniques to teach first-year law students how to make basic legal arguments with cases. …

Vcu's My Library: Librarians Love It. . . . Users? Well, Maybe, Jimmy Ghaphery, Dan Ream

VCU Libraries Faculty and Staff Publications

Virginia Commonwealth University's My Library project (circa 1998-1999) has chosen "ease of use" as its primary design criteria. The development of this tool using Perl scripting is described, and reports derived from usage logs are analyzed here. My Library tends to appeal a great deal to a small number of users as a personal tool. Librarians have found it popular as a class teaching tool, with pages designed for specific classes in library instruction receiving the heaviest use.

Logic-Based Methods For Optimization: Combining Optimization And Constraint Satisfaction, John Hooker

John Hooker

No abstract provided.

Collaborative Activity Between Parietal And Dorso-Lateral Prefrontal Cortex In Dynamic Spatial Working Memory Revealed By Fmri, Vaibhav A. Diwadkar, Patricia A. Carpenter, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

The Neural Basis Of Strategy And Skill In Sentence-Picture Verification, Erik D. Reichle, Patricia A. A. Carpenter, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Working Memory And Executive Function: Evidence From Neuroimaging, Patricia A. Carpenter, Marcel Adam Just, Erik D. Reichle

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Reflexive Autopoietic Systems Theory, Kent D. Palmer

Kent D. Palmer

Exploring the Meta-systems of Emergent Worlds