Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Whole Lotta Movin’ Goin’ On, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

WHEN I LIVED IN California, the hot, dry days of September and October were always referred to as "earthquake weather." Although the term may not be accurate geologically, shaking and moving was the autumnal activity of some of the major California-based information companies. The parent companies of both Dialog and Information Access Company (IAC) announced in September that they would be moving corporate headquarters out of California (see InfoTech, U 10/15/98, p. 25-26). What will it mean for us, their customers?

Designing Electronic Journals With 30 Years Of Lessons Learned From Print: Economic And Use Patterns Of Scientific Journals., Carol Tenopir, Donald W. King

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Scientists find journals useful, both for their teaching and their research — so useful, in fact, that they are willing to pay for them. If electronic journals prove to be as useful, or more useful, their viability is assured.

The Pack Horse Library Project Of Eastern Kentucky: 1936-1943, Jeanne Cannella Schmitzer

Masters Theses

This study examines the Pack Horse Library Project, partially supported by the Works Progress Administration (WPA), in eastern Kentucky from 1936 to 1943 . The WPA supported the project by providing work relief for local women and a few local men. Communities, individuals, and organizations such as county boards of education, civic clubs, and Kentucky PTAs funded materials, operating expenses, and overhead. For hundreds of isolated mountain communities, schools, and individuals the Pack Horse Library Project provided the first public library service ever experienced.

The Pack Horse Library Project provided library service to an area of Kentucky that was geographically …

The Morphometric Relationship Of Upper Cave 101 And 103 To Modern Homo Sapiens, Deborah Lenz Cornell

Masters Theses

Upper Cave 101 and Upper Cave 103 (UC 101 and UC 103), the much argued over Homo sapiens fossils from Zhoukoudian, China, figure prominently into discussions of modem human origins. Adherents to the Multiregional model see the Zhoukoudian fossils as exhibiting some of the same Asian characteristics that can be seen in modern Asian populations. On the other hand, proponents of the Out-of-Africa model see anything and everything but Asian features, frequently pointing out African characteristics which they claim are retentions of features from the initial exodus of modern humans.

UC 101 and UC 103 were compared to Howells' modern …

Hot Topic: National Guard's Weekend Drills Are Considered Training, Richard Stokes

MTAS Publications: Hot Topics

This Hot Topic discusses the Attorney General's Opinion No. 98-155, which addresses whether National Guard weekend drills are considered training under the law and subject to the military leave provisions of the Tennessee Code Annotated (T.C.A.). According to the Attorney General's opinion, "Weekend training appears to be within the statutory terms of the T.C.A." The term "training" ordinarily would encompass the term "drill." Drill is defined by Webster's dictionary as "the act of training soldiers in the military art ... a kind or method of military exercises." The A.G. cited an Alabama case, Britton vs. Jackson, 414 So.2d 966 (Ala. …

Proving Your Point With Word Searches, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Online search services may be used to trace word usage which in turn may be used to determine the growth of an industry or to help in budgetary planning. Dialog and Lexis-Nexis are effective online services for use in analyzing word usage.

The Impact Of Digital Reference On Librarians And Library Users, Carol Tenopir, Lisa Ennis

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

University reference librarians report a variety of effects, both positive and negative, from the rapid and widespread adoption of electronic media during the last decades. Heightened expectations from students and, to a lesser degree, from faculty are noticed by many librarians. Partly because of media hype about the wonders of the Internet and the ubiquity of the World Wide Web, students expect to be able to answer every question and do every research project online. One major impact of electronic services is the growing need for user instruction. Part of the problem is that there are still many students with …

Household Management Of Endoparasitic Infection In A Border Community In Tamaulipas, Mexico, Charles Thomas Faulkner

Doctoral Dissertations

Fecal samples from 438 children in 217 families were examined for helminth eggs/larve and protozoan cysts to study the occurrence of parasitic infection and household knowledge of cholera preventive measures in a border community in Tamaulipas, Mexico. The age of the children ranged from 1 month to 16 years. Parasitic infections occurred in 30% of children residing in 79 of 217 households. Giardia lamblia accounted for 12.5% of all infections. Other endoparasitic species found in the children were: Hymenolepis nana, (28/438), Ascaris lumbricoides (16/438), Trichuris trichiura (6/438), Enterobius vermicularis (6/438), Ancylostoma-Necator (1/438),Strongyloides sercoralis (1/438), Entamoeba coli (27/438), Ent. …

Hot Topic: Community Water Systems Required To Distribute Consumer Confidence Reports, Steve Wyatt

MTAS Publications: Hot Topics

A recent amendment to the Safe Drinking Water Act established the requirement for community water systems (CWS) to prepare a consumer confidence report (CCR) to distribute to their customers.

Online Meetings Of Minds, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

The two big online conferences in the US are the National Online Meeting (NOM) and Online World. Tenopir discusses highlights of the 1998 NOM and offers information on the upcoming Online World conference.

An Exploratory Study Of User Searching Of The World Wide Web: A Holistic Approach, Carol Tenopir, Peiling Wang, Elizabeth Layman, David Penniman, Shawn Collins

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

No abstract provided.

Pricing Options, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Tenopir discusses database pricing issues in libraries. Pricing for digital products has been found to be much more complex than print pricing. The options that most libraries use fall into the categories of pay-as-you-go pricing, fixed-pricing, and user-based licensing.

Hot Topic: Public Acts Affecting Cities, Dennis Huffer

MTAS Publications: Hot Topics

The 1998 Tennessee General Assembly passed into law several acts that affect Tennessee municipalities. This Hot Topic summarizes some of these acts.

The Plains Paradox: Secular Trends In Stature In 19Th Century Nomadic Plains Equestrian Indians, Joseph M. Prince

Doctoral Dissertations

This study documents the occurrence of secular trends in height in an historic population of 19^th century nomadic Plains equestrian Indians. The eight tribal samples utilized are a subset of the Boas North American Indian anthropometric data set. A cross-sectional design was used to examine the span of years from 1800 to 1870 for adult individuals over 20 years of age, sexes analyzed separately, male n=1,123 and female n=362. Adult heights were adjusted for aging effects on three variables: standing height; sitting height; and sitting height/subischial length ratio. Combined with an unadjusted subischial length, these variables were used to …

Being Cherokee In A White World: Ethnic Identity In A Post-Removal American Indian Enclave, Betty J. Duggan

Doctoral Dissertations

Within a few years of 1838, when most members of the Cherokee Nation were forced to emigrate to Indian Territory on the Trail of Tears, a small group of Cherokee families reestablished settlements in and around the Ducktown Basin in the southeastern comer of Tennessee, away from the major Eastern Cherokee remnants in North Carolina. This dissertation reconstructs the history of these Cherokees from 1838 through the 1910s, focusing on the nature of their communities; their economic, social, and religious relationships with local whites; their associations with other Cherokee enclaves and individuals; and their ultimate disappearance from the Basin.

Data …

Turkistan: Kazak Religion And Collective Memory, Bruce G. Privratsky

Doctoral Dissertations

This study in the anthropology of religion examines the relationship between Kazak ethnicity and religion, exploring how the collective memory is mediating Muslim values in Kazak culture in the 1990s. Ethnographic field research was conducted in the Kazak language from 1992 to 1998 in the city of Turkistan (Turkestan) in southern Kazakstan (Kazakhstan). Turkistan is the site of the Timurid shrine of Ahmet Yasawi (Ahmed Yasavi), a key figure in the Turkic Sufism of Central Asia. Today it is also a cultural center of the new Pan-Turkism and the site of a Kazak-Turkish international university.

The findings of the study …

Microscopic Enamel Defects In A Contemporary Population: Biological And Social Implications, Lise Marie Mifsud

Masters Theses

In this study, the frequency of microscopic defects in enamel, termed Wilson bands, are analyzed according to socioeconomic affiliation, the sex, and ethnicity of the individual. The sample consists of 193 anterior teeth collected from private practice and public health oral surgeon's offices. These defects have been studied in great detail by dental researchers, dental anthropologists, and bioarchaeologists to ascertain: etiology, morphology, inter- and intra- population differences, prehistoric diet and health, and dietary and morbidity conditions of underprivileged contemporary populations.

The results of this study are compared to results of previous researchers and similarities and differences in findings are discussed. …

Reporting Technology: A Content Analysis Of Newsweek's Cyberscope Column, A. Scott Duncan

Masters Theses

Introduction: The Internet is perhaps the most rapidly developing communications technology in history (Eighmey and McCord 1998). In January 1995, there were 4.8 million people online. By January 1996, the number had almost doubled to 9.5 million (Lottor 1996). Today there are an estimated 110 million people worldwide using the Internet (NUA 1998). Most studies indicate that the primary use by consumers of the Internet is exploration and entertainment (Pitkow and Recker 1994: Eighmey and McCord 1998). However, consumers are not the only people using this new technology. Many businesses are trying to take advantage of this new commercial outlet. …

Murder For Hire: Event Characteristics And Causal Implications, Nicole Madonna Corsaro

Masters Theses

The problem of criminal homicide has been extensively studied. A productive way to examine it has been through detailed analysis of homicides as criminal events. There are a number of characteristics that are common to all homicide events, such as background circumstances, participant characteristics, and interrelationships of offenders. However, murder-for-hire events contain distinctive interactive features that are not present in other types of criminal homicide, i.e. solicitor, hitman, and target scenarios and that have not received empirical attention. Using trial transcripts, news reports, pre-sentence investigations, and Tennessee Department of Correction records, 30 murder-for-hire events have been identified involving 60 individuals …

Urban Slave Diet In Early Knoxville: Faunal Remains From Blount Mansion, Knoxville, Tennessee, Carey Lamar Coxe

Masters Theses

The vertebrate faunal remains recovered during excavations at the Blount Mansion Slave Cabin, located at Blount Mansion, Knoxville, Tennessee provide a rare opportunity to address the dietary refuse from an urban slave context in the Upland South region. The material was analyzed and data compared to faunal data from three other slave sites on Upland South plantations, Mabry, Locust Grove, and the Hermitage, and one Upland South yeoman farm site, the Gibbs House site. These comparisons revealed that the urban slaves at Blount Mansion appear to have consumed much more fish than rural slaves and farmers in the uplands. Also, …

Latitudinal Gradient In The Body Mass Index (Bmi), And The Bmi's Geometric And Statistical Relationships To The Surface Area: Volume Ratio And Body Shape, Brandy Lea O'Neil

Masters Theses

The body mass index (BMI), weight/height² (W/H²), is currently the index of choice for assessment of nutritional status. Statements in the literature about the BMI as a potential expression of “cold adaptation” or “Bergmann’s Rule” beg the question: What does that BMI measure in terms of size, shape, and the surface area:volume (SA:V) ratio? Geometric modeling shows that the BMI captures both size and shape and is inversely related to the SA:V ratio. This admixture of size/shape information, combined with the unmeaningful absolute value of the BMI, preclude precise understanding of what it measures. A new weight-height-based …

Hot Topic: State Revises Travel Reimbursement Rates, Mtas

MTAS Publications: Hot Topics

The state of Tennessee revised its travel reimbursement rates, with new, higher state rates effective August 1, 1998.

The Digital Reference World Of Academic Librarians., Carol Tenopir, Lisa Ennis

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Throughout the 1990s, the reference departments of academic libraries have seen a rapid evolution from a print-centered world to a digital-intensive one. Online, CD-ROM, and World Wide Web resources are often the first choice of both library users and reference librarians. For the latest measure of how academic libraries incorporate electronic information sources into their reference activities and the effect on library services, a questionnaire was sent to all academic members of the Association of Research Libraries in the 4th quarter of 1997. Over 73% of ARL libraries report more than 100 workstations or terminals. Not surprisingly, the big growth …

Furor Over Prices, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Tenopir discusses online databases and the major shift in pricing policies that just occurred at the DIALOG corporation. Right now is really not the best time for vendors to start increasing prices.

Hot Topic: New Law Requires Countywide Growth Plan And Limits Annexation And Incorporation, Jim Finane, Sid Hemsley

MTAS Publications: Hot Topics

Effective May 19, 1998, Public Acts 1998, Chapter 1101, was a new law governing annexation and incorporation in Tennessee. Changes in annexation and incorporation included a required countywide land use planning process that limits annexations and incorporations to certain areas and subjects them to new restrictions. The law also gave counties a major new role in the annexation planning process and in annexation and incorporation decisions. It also preserved their revenues in newly-annexed and incorporated territories.

Expert Views Of The Future, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

While no one knows for sure what the future holds for libraries or the online industry, experts have their opinions. Tenopir buttonholed 17 of them for their views of coming changes in information science and delivery.

Data Dealers Face Stormy Weather, Carol Tenopir, Jeff Barry

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Librarians should consider forming alliances to strength for negotiating the stormy database marketplace's flood of new information and new choices being promoted by database companies. Libraries must choose from among at least 29 database providers using 58 separate online, web or CD-ROM systems.

The Performance Of Industry Culture: Assumptions, Sources And Evolutionary Patterns As Revealed In The Paradigmatic Interplay Of Reporting Structures And Communicative Processes, Linda Lyle

Doctoral Dissertations

This study (1) describes cultural assumptions in the student travel industry, relying upon protocols previously established within the functionalist perspective and (2) explains how these assumptions may have evolved by examining the basic communicative processes (performances) wherein industry culture has been made manifest.

The study identifies eight members of the student travel industry and uses qualitative methods that consist of in-depth interviews with the industry's "elite" members, as well as content analysis of selected historical and contemporary documents. Data were analyzed, first by thematic coding and then by interpretive analysis of codes that emerged. To frame the analysis, Phillips' (1990) …

An Examination Of The Relationships Between Value Conflict, Quality Of Worklife, Job Satisfaction And Job Retention Among Employees Working In Urban And Rural County Human Service Departments In The State Of Ohio, Laurie Gracheck White

Doctoral Dissertations

Public human service settings are highly bureaucratic organizations with tight centralization of policy decision-making. They can be inhospitable places for conducting professional work and most appropriate for performing routine tasks based on standardized procedures. Against this backdrop of control, human service workers are asked to respond to the unique and unpredictable problems of people struggling unsuccessfully in society. The inconsistency between work structure and professional responsibility can generate value conflict for public human service employees. There are conflicts of loyalty to employers, laws, clients, colleagues, funding sources, regulations, and the community at large. These conflicts can have profound implication for …

Induced Altruism In The Maintenance Of Institutionalized Celibacy, Hector N. Qirko

Doctoral Dissertations

Celibacy is an altruistic act when it involves an individual's sacrifice of lifelong reproduction for the benefit of others. Where this occurs for the primary benefit of non-kin, as in many institutions which demand celibacy of their members, it will often be difficult to maintain. This dissertation explores the institutionalized maintenance and reinforcement of celibacy vows through the concept of induced altruism. Because humans generally recognize kin only by means of indirect cues, these cues may be manipulated so that individuals behave altruistically for the benefit of non-kin. Human kinship-recognition cues include association, phenotypic similarity, and the use of kinship …