Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 30 of 39
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Table Of Contents
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Table of contents for Explorations in Ethnic Studies, vol. 5, no. 1, 1982
Introduction, Charles C. Irby
Introduction, Charles C. Irby
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
This issue of Explorations in Ethnic Studies brings into focus the vision NAIES has had from the onset, i.e., the pursuit of ”explorations and solutions” to problems within the context of oppression as they relate to the coloured ethnic minority experience in the US. and other places. In two separate essays, lack Forbes and Vine Deloria present issues which ethnic studies proponents must address if such study is to be viable. These writers recognize ethnic studies as being about the business of empowering individuals to be creatively involved in their futures. Forbes and Deloria present varying perspectives, recognizing the history …
Fascism: A Review Of Its History And Its Present Cultural Reality In The Americas, Jack D. Forbes
Fascism: A Review Of Its History And Its Present Cultural Reality In The Americas, Jack D. Forbes
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
The Italians may have given us the word “fascismo,” but whether we use that word or the Spanish ”falangismo” or the German “National Socialism” (Naziism) we are talking about a form of social organization which has a complex history. Indeed, many persons wrongly believe that fascism as a political system first achieved state power in Italy in the 1920s. However, fascism in modern times first achieved independent (sovereign) power in the Americas -- in the Argentina of Juan Manuel de Rosas (1830s) and in the Confederate States of America (1860-1865).
Critique [Of Fascism: A Review Of Its History And Its Present Cultural Reality In The Americas], Wolfgang Binder
Critique [Of Fascism: A Review Of Its History And Its Present Cultural Reality In The Americas], Wolfgang Binder
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Professor Forbes’ article represents a timely and important contribution. It should, if need be, serve as a means of raising the readers’ historical consciousnesses during a period in which dramatic changes in U.S. economic and social policies are under way, in a time when unabashed power politics seem to be imposed on half the globe by the ruling classes of both great imperial powers.
Critique [Of Fascism: A Review Of Its History And Its Present Cultural Reality In The Americas], David M. Johnson
Critique [Of Fascism: A Review Of Its History And Its Present Cultural Reality In The Americas], David M. Johnson
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
To quote the cartoon character Pogo: "We have met the enemy and he is us." The key strength in Forbes' analysis of fascism is his wide-ranging historical sweep and the way he shows that many elements in American character, such as prejudice against immigrants and eagerness for the spread of American ideas overseas, are related to fascistic tendencies throughout American history.
Critique [Of Fascism: A Review Of Its History And Its Present Cultural Reality In The Americas], Shirley Vining Brown
Critique [Of Fascism: A Review Of Its History And Its Present Cultural Reality In The Americas], Shirley Vining Brown
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Forbes’s analysis of fascism reveals that fascist tendencies are dormant seeds of exploitation that resurface and flourish under conditions of greed or when exploitive systems are threatened and opposed by those they oppress. Because fascism is more than politics and shares a symbiotic relationship with supportive and enduring cultural values, he is correct in directing our attention to those historical and cultural antecedents that give rise to omnifarious forms of fascism in this country and elsewhere. Cultural values and their symbiotic connectedness with political decisions are perhaps the single-most important feature of fascism considered in this timely and cogently discussed …
Institutional Racism, Vine Deloria Jr
Institutional Racism, Vine Deloria Jr
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Much of the activity in the 1960s revolving about civil rights reflected the belief that racism was a personal flaw which could be corrected by the proper adjustment of federal laws to give substance to the promises of citizenship. George Wallace, Lester Maddox, and Bull Connor all personified racism with their determined efforts to prevent blacks from achieving full citizenship rights and their excesses spurred them to action when it was believed that with the power of the federal government curbing the activities of a few die-hard racists discrimination would finally be conquered. The emphasis on personal attitudes obscured the …
Critique [Of Institutional Racism], Barbara F. Luebke
Critique [Of Institutional Racism], Barbara F. Luebke
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
“The complex of concepts which western peoples use to process data and make decisions are the ultimate enemy of minorities. . . .” As an educator, and especially as one involved in educating journalists, I found myself drawn to Deloria’s statement.
Critique [Of Institutional Racism], Thomas Mann Jr
Critique [Of Institutional Racism], Thomas Mann Jr
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
To disagree with the author’s central theme that institutional racism is the principal deterrent to social, economic, and political equality of the races in America would be to ignore centuries of American history in which racial minorities have been oppressed and denied equality of rights and opportunities. Even further, one must agree with the author’s argument that institutional racism is merely the manifestation of “beliefs held so tenaciously that they guide behavior spontaneously by excluding any process which call them into question,” while simultaneously purporting to be open to the individual, irrespective of race», gender or age.
Critique [Of Institutional Racism], Marvin J. Happle
Critique [Of Institutional Racism], Marvin J. Happle
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
In the sixties, the scattered attacks against various manifestations of racism briefly coalesced into a broad based movement. Some gains were made, chiefly in the areas of voting rights, consumer discrimination, and education. However, the movement failed to significantly alter the wealth distribution system through the achievement of employment equity, this could only have resulted from affirmative action in all sectors and at all levels of the economy. But in the employment struggle, the confrontation was much closer to the heart of capitalist institutions and was perceived as a greater threat to the stability of those institutions.
Contributors
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Notes on contributors to Explorations in Ethnic Studies, vol. 5, no.1, 1982
The Editor Notes
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
The importance of this issue is that it provides the kind of germinal and topical issues which move the ethnic studies process in the directions which make a difference in educational institutions.
Table Of Contents
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Table of contents for Explorations in Ethnic Studies, vol. 5, no. 2, 1982
African And Pac!Fic Literature: A Comparative Study, Kristine L. Martin
African And Pac!Fic Literature: A Comparative Study, Kristine L. Martin
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
The new nations of Africa and the islands of the South Pacific have much in common, despite their ethnic and cultural diversity and the vast distance that separates them. The literature which has developed over the past thirty years in Africa and over the past ten in the Pacific mirrors their shared experiences and outlook. The authors from both regions have acted as spokespersons for their people, voicing concerns about their future as individuals as well as members of a politically viable ethnic community.
Critique [Of African And Pac!Fic Literature: A Comparative Study], R. Dennis Stewart
Critique [Of African And Pac!Fic Literature: A Comparative Study], R. Dennis Stewart
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Kristine Martin’s study makes available the relatively little-known literature of the southern Pacific basin islands. Her article has merit because it is compared with the more widely-read African literature, and she makes a significant contribution with the comparisions [comparison]. Both the Pacific selections, a recent phenomena, and the older African works are transitional literatures — striving to connect the colonized past with a post-colonial synthesis which is relevant to the author of the intended audience. As Martin shows. the audience is composed of compatriots.
Critique [Of African And Pac!Fic Literature: A Comparative Study], James H. Williams
Critique [Of African And Pac!Fic Literature: A Comparative Study], James H. Williams
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Kristine Martin demonstrates the need for the serious scholar to address the topic of African and Pacific literature in the form of comparative analysis. She has provided a good example for others to emulate. for her study is concerned with self-identity in the formation of ethnicity.
Critique [Of African And Pac!Fic Literature: A Comparative Study], Mary Sisney
Critique [Of African And Pac!Fic Literature: A Comparative Study], Mary Sisney
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Kristine Martin states that “the literature which has developed over the past thirty years in Africa and over the past ten in the Pacific mirrors their shared experiences and outlook." Black Americans have also lived in a society controlled by whites. They have also been portrayed as uncivilized, culturally deprived, less-than-second—class citizens. And black Americans have also felt “bitterness, frustration, and longing.“ It is not surprising, therefore, that black American literature has many of the characteristics Martin found in African and South Pacific literature.
On The Street Be Singin', Jeff Langford
On The Street Be Singin', Jeff Langford
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Includes poem by Jeff Langford; On the Street Be Singin'
Mrs. Cameron’S Baby, Louis E. Bryan
Mrs. Cameron’S Baby, Louis E. Bryan
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Includes poem by Louis E. Bryan; Mrs. Cameron’s Baby
Some Symbols Of Identity Of Byzantine Catholics, Robert J. Skovira
Some Symbols Of Identity Of Byzantine Catholics, Robert J. Skovira
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
This essay is a description of some of an ethnic group’s symbols of identity”, its aim is to explore the meanings of the following statement: [Byzantine Catholics] are no longer an immigrant and ethnic group. Byzantine Catholics are American in every sense of the word, that the rite itself is American as opposed to foreign, and that both the rite and its adherents have become part and parcel of the American scene.”
Sonnets Polonaise Ii, Albert Solomon
Sonnets Polonaise Ii, Albert Solomon
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Includes sonnet by Albert Solomon: Polonaise II.
Racial Intelligence Testing And The Mexican People, Gilbert G. Gonzalez
Racial Intelligence Testing And The Mexican People, Gilbert G. Gonzalez
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
In the 1920s and 1930s the Mexican school age population increasingly participated in the educational system of the US. Meanwhile, many first experiences of these children with the state came in the form of educational research. The intelligence testing movement had a brief history before then, one which was gathering much momentum and greatly encouraged by corporate foundations and the cooperation of university administrations. The rapid immigration in the 1920s and settlement of Mexicans into colonias of the Southwest coincided with the rise of academic research and publications on racial intelligence as well as with the combination of mass compulsory …
Critique [Of Racial Intelligence Testing And The Mexican People], Anthony J. Cortese
Critique [Of Racial Intelligence Testing And The Mexican People], Anthony J. Cortese
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Historically, scientific racism has provided reinforcement for maintaining the status quo. Researchers who sought to discover and explain racial difference in intelligence generally operated from a functionalist or social facts paradigm. Gilbert Gonzalez shows that “Racism was essentially an ideological explanation for the social structure, and did not affect the distribution of property, but rationalized that distribution.“ In sum, scientific racism indicated that the social structure was based on the genetic make-up of racial categories.
Critique [Of Racial Intelligence Testing And The Mexican People], Olivia Mercado
Critique [Of Racial Intelligence Testing And The Mexican People], Olivia Mercado
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Educational institutions are representative microcosms of the society. If the society segregates, exploits, and excludes racial groups, then it can be expected that educational institutions will follow suit. The intelligence testing of the 1920s and 1930s was an academic response to eugenics theories and to contemporary political-economic policies related to immigration, miscegenation, and segregation. As Gonzalez concludes, the creation of intelligence tests and their application were not only an apologia but also a means to maintain the status quo in the society.
Blind Man's Point Of View, J. L. Rooff
Blind Man's Point Of View, J. L. Rooff
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Includes poem by J.L. Rooff: Blind Man's Point of View
Contributors
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Notes on contributors to Explorations in Ethnic Studies, vol. 5, no.2, 1982
Critique [Of Fascism: A Review Of Its History And Its Present Cultural Reality In The Americas], Frank J. Cavaioli
Critique [Of Fascism: A Review Of Its History And Its Present Cultural Reality In The Americas], Frank J. Cavaioli
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
Writing from the vantage point of the 1980s, white historians have questioned the earlier simplistic interpretations of Jeffersonian and Jacksonian Democracy. Certainly that “democracy” excluded blacks, Indians, women, and the poor, since it was modeled on the ancient Athenian system. It is clear that these and other evils were compromised and were not resolved to the complete satisfaction of the masses. For example, though the Civil War produced the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments white Americans devised other systems to keep blacks in an inferior position.
Explorations In Ethnic Studies
Critique [Of Institutional Racism], James A. Perry
Critique [Of Institutional Racism], James A. Perry
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
For those who see institutional racism as a problem which can be solved, the points of focus by Deloria are these: An institution is a "person" with a personality shaped by western-culture; and institutional racism is a phenomenon created by western culture. The idea that an institution is a “person” with a personality of its own is not new; the legal profession has held that a corporation, and therefore, an institution, is a “person” protected by the fourth amendment of the Constitution.
Critique [Of Institutional Racism], Anthony J. Cortese
Critique [Of Institutional Racism], Anthony J. Cortese
Explorations in Ethnic Studies
As Deloria indicates in the opening lines of his essay, the dominant paradigm of racism in the 1960s reflected the popularly held belief that racism was an individual phenomena. Consequently. if racist individuals were confronted and curtailed or converted, the argument concluded, then discrimination would come to an end. However, history has shown us that we can have racist institutions without having racist individuals. For instance, our education institutions perpetuate racial, as well as sex, inequality. Yet it is possible for every member of such an institution to be non-racist, as well as non-sexist.