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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Effects Of Gaze On Vection From Jittering, Oscillating, And Purely Radial Optic Flow, Stephen A. Palmisano, Juno Kim
Effects Of Gaze On Vection From Jittering, Oscillating, And Purely Radial Optic Flow, Stephen A. Palmisano, Juno Kim
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
In this study, we examined the effects of different gaze types (stationary fixation, directed looking, or gaze shifting) and gaze eccentricities (central or peripheral) on the vection induced by jittering, oscillating, and purely radial optic flow. Contrary to proposals of eccentricity independence for vection (e.g., Post, 1988), we found that peripheral directed looking improved vection and peripheral stationary fixation impaired vection induced by purely radial flow (relative to central gaze). Adding simulated horizontal or vertical viewpoint oscillation to radial flow always improved vection, irrespective of whether instructions were to fixate, or look at, the center or periphery of the self-motion …
The Effects Of Reason And Event Saliency On Health-Related Decisions, Lisa Woods, Amy Y. Chan
The Effects Of Reason And Event Saliency On Health-Related Decisions, Lisa Woods, Amy Y. Chan
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
The current study examined how event saliency and reason for action influence the amount of regret anticipated about a foregone option, and on people‟s anticipated choice of behavior when they are confronted with a choice between two equally aversive options. The participants were 120 undergraduate psychology students. Participants who were prompted to imagine choosing to fulfill an internal desire instead of an internal obligation anticipated significantly more regret than those who were prompted to make the opposite choice. No significant differences in the amount of regret anticipated was found between participants who had to choose between two external obligations. Interestingly, …
Effects Of Ice Hockey Facial Protectors On The Response Time And Kinematics In Goal-Directed Tasks, P M. Dowler, D J. Pearsall, P J. Stapley
Effects Of Ice Hockey Facial Protectors On The Response Time And Kinematics In Goal-Directed Tasks, P M. Dowler, D J. Pearsall, P J. Stapley
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Ice hockey facial protectors are essential to prevent eye (and, in some cases, dental) injuries but must also not encumber vision and, in turn, playersapos; performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of three different facial protection conditions on temporal and kinematic parameters in a goal-directed pointing task: helmet (control), visor, and cage. Start and end target switches captured temporal estimates (reaction time (RT), movement time, (MT), and response time (RT+MT)), while a 13-light target array and 6-camera Vicon Mx system were used to collect upper-body kinematics data (head and thorax orientation, shoulder and elbow joint …
Does The Prescriptive Lifestyle Of Seventh-Day Adventists Provide "Immunity" From The Secular Effects Of Changes In Bmi?, Lillian M. Kent, Anthony Worsley
Does The Prescriptive Lifestyle Of Seventh-Day Adventists Provide "Immunity" From The Secular Effects Of Changes In Bmi?, Lillian M. Kent, Anthony Worsley
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Objective: To examine the effect of Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) membership on ‘immunity’ to the secular effects of changes in BMI. Design: Three independent, cross-sectional, screening surveys conducted by Sydney Adventist Hospital in 1976, 1986 and 1988 and a survey conducted among residents of Melbourne in 2006. Subjects: Two hundred and fifty-two SDA and 464 non-SDA in 1976; 166 SDA and 291 non-SDA in 1986; 120 SDA and 300-non SDA in 1988; and 251 SDA and 294 non-SDA in 2006. Measurements: Height and weight measured by hospital staff in 1976, 1986 and 1988; self-reported by respondents in …
Erps And The Evoked Cardiac Response To Auditory Stimuli: Intensity And Cognitive Load Effects, Robert J. Barry, Carlie Lawrence
Erps And The Evoked Cardiac Response To Auditory Stimuli: Intensity And Cognitive Load Effects, Robert J. Barry, Carlie Lawrence
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
The evoked cardiac response (ECR) may be described as the sum of two independent response components: an initial HR deceleration (ECR1), and a slightly later acceleration (ECR2), hypothesized to reflect stimulus registration and cognitive processing load, respectively. This study investigated processing load effects in the ECR and the event-related potential (ERP). Stimulus intensity was varied within subjects, and cognitive load was varied between subjects, in a counting/no counting task with a long interstimulus interval. The ECR showed a significant effect of counting, but not intensity. ERPs showed the expected obligatory processing effects in the N1, and substantial effects of cognitive …
Effects Of Simulated Viewpoint Jitter On Visually Induced Postural Sway, Stephen A. Palmisano, Gavin J. Pinniger, April Ash, Julie R. Steele
Effects Of Simulated Viewpoint Jitter On Visually Induced Postural Sway, Stephen A. Palmisano, Gavin J. Pinniger, April Ash, Julie R. Steele
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
In this study we examined the effects of simulated horizontal and vertical viewpoint jitter on the vection and postural sway induced by radial patterns of optic flow. During each trial, observers were exposed sequentially to 20 s periods of radially expanding flow, radially contracting flow, and static visual scenes. For half the trials, simulated viewpoint jitter was added to the radially expanding/contracting optic flow patterns. In experiment 1, we found that, while this jitter increased the backward postural sway induced by radial expansion, it actually decreased forward postural sway induced by radial contraction. However, in experiment 2 we found that …
Aripiprazole Differentially Affects Mesolimbic And Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Transmission: Implications For Long-Term Drug Efficacy And Low Extrapyramidal Side-Effects, Xu-Feng Huang, Chao Deng, Mei Han
Aripiprazole Differentially Affects Mesolimbic And Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Transmission: Implications For Long-Term Drug Efficacy And Low Extrapyramidal Side-Effects, Xu-Feng Huang, Chao Deng, Mei Han
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Aripiprazole has been used effectively to treat schizophrenia in the clinic ; however, its mechanisms ofaction are not clear. This study examined how short- and long-term aripiprazole treatment affects dopaminergic transmission in mesolimbic and nigrostriatal pathways. For comparison, the effects of haloperidol and olanzapine treatment were also examined. Aripiprazole significantly increased D2 receptor mRNA expression and decreased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA expression in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) after 1- and 12-wk treatment, but had no effect in substantia nigra (SN) and nucleus accumbens (NAc). Aripiprazole also decreased dopamine transporter (DAT) binding density in NAc (for 1- and 12- wk …
Psychophysiological Changes Associated With Gambling Behaviour On Electronic Gaming Machines: The Effects Of Gambling Outcome, Betting Stakes And Personality, Kathryn Baudinette, Craig J. Gonsalvez
Psychophysiological Changes Associated With Gambling Behaviour On Electronic Gaming Machines: The Effects Of Gambling Outcome, Betting Stakes And Personality, Kathryn Baudinette, Craig J. Gonsalvez
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
It has been argued that electronic gaming machines (EGM) are extremely addictive, often described as the "crack cocaine of gambling". Little research has been conducted on the psychophysiology of gambling behaviours. This study used state-of-the-art technology to investigate the effect of gambling outcome (wins and losses) and betting stake (high and low) on physiological responding. HR and SCL were recorded on a second-bysecond basis to win and loss events in high and low stake conditions while healthy controls (N=43) gambled on an EGM. The relationship between personality (impulsivity and reward/punishment sensitivity) and physiological responding to wins and losses were also …