Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Actitudes Sobre La Violencia Hacia La Pareja Y Roles De Género De Las Mujeres Uruguayas., Maximo Rossi, Marisa Bucheli

Maximo Rossi

According to World Health Organization (2013), 30% of even-partnered women have experienced either physical or/and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) in the course of their lives.

The incidence of IPV in Latin America and Caribbean region is higher relative to other high income and middle-income countries. This problem is particularly relevant in Uruguay. The empirical literature provides evidence that violence towards partners is more likely among individuals that justify, approve or favor this type of violence.

This paper explores the extent to which tolerant attitudes to violence against women are correlated with tolerance to violence against men, and the relation …

Loyalty's Reward — A Felony Conviction: Recent Prosecutions Of High-Status Female Offenders, Michelle S. Jacobs

Michelle S Jacobs

Between 2001 and 2004, six high-status women were charged with crimes in connection with corporate criminal cases. The public is familiar with some of them, although not all of their cases have been covered equally in the press. With the exception of an occasional article now and then mentioning the exploding rates of female incarceration, women's crime tends to be invisible to the public eye. The statistical data the government collects and analyzes on women and crime will be discussed. This article will focus on the prosecution of the individual cases of Lea Fastow, Betty Vinson, and Martha Stewart. Their …

Analysis Of The Frequency And Severity Of Rear-End Crashes In Work Zones, Yi Qi, Raghavan Srinivasan, Hualiang Teng, Robert Baker

Yi Qi

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify the factors that influence the frequency and severity of rear-end crashes in work zones because rear-end crashes represent a significant proportion of crashes that occur in work zones. METHODS: Truncated count data models were developed to identify influencing factors on the frequency of rear-end crashes in work zones and ordered probit models were developed to evaluate influencing factors on the severity of rear-end crashes in work zones. RESULTS: Most of the variables identified in this study for these 2 models were significant at the 95 percent level. The statistics for models …

The Law And Economics Of Microfinance, Katherine Helen Mary Hunt

Katherine Helen Mary Hunt

Financial inclusion may be jargon which appeals to international donors and academics, but the strategic implementation in developing countries is often based on international du jour priorities, such as microfinance. The topic of microfinance is highly debated in the academic literature, although little empirical work has been published. Further, no literature to date has considered microfinance from a law and economics perspective. This paper seeks to contribute to the gap in the literature by considering how microfinance has evolved to address the credit market failure, and how microfinance regulation should be designed to promote long term financial inclusion via financially …

Sociology Professor Participates In White House Summit On Working Families, Colleen Butler-Sweet

Colleen Butler-Sweet

The call from the White House aide came on a Friday morning in June, and on the following Monday, Colleen Butler-Sweet was in Washington, D.C., at the invitation of The U.S. Department of Labor, attending the White House Summit on Working Families.

Human Rights, Women, And Third World Development, Winston E. Langley

Winston E. Langley

As part of the effort to inaugurate a new international socio-political order after World War II, international emphasis was given to certain moral and legal entitlements we have come to call human rights. That emphasis initially found its most forceful expression in the Charter of the United Nations, which not only asserts its members' faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, as well as in the equal rights of men and women of all nations, but also recites its members' commitment to employ international machinery for the promotion of the social and economic …

Ethiopia: Rebuilding Education, Layer By Layer, Lee Nave

Lee Nave Jr.

The school system of Ethiopia is growing at levels that were unimaginable thirty years ago. About thirty years ago, the entire country had only two universities; now there are over thirty. Also the Ethiopian government has made education a right not a privilege for its entire population. This includes female students and some of the poorest of the poor being able to attend school all the way from the Kindergarten level well into college.

Review Of "Women & Family In Contemporary Japan" By Susan Holloway And "Transforming Japan: How Feminism And Diversity Are Making A Difference" By Kumiko Fujimura-Fanselow, G. Espinetti, Vilma Seeberg, L. Malone

Vilma Seeberg

No abstract provided.

Providing Support To Survivors Of Domestic Violence By Vibhuti Patel, Professor Vibhuti Patel

Professor Vibhuti Patel

Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2006 Historical Background • In 1983, domestic violence was recognised as a specific criminal offence by the introduction of section 498-A into the Indian Penal Code. This section deals with cruelty by a husband or his family towards a married woman. Four types of cruelty are dealt with by this law: • conduct that is likely to drive a woman to suicide, • conduct which is likely to cause grave injury to the life, limb or health of the woman, • harassment with the purpose of forcing the woman or her relatives to …

Sexual Objectification Of The Female Body And Breastfeeding, Margaret Sinclair, Corina Sanchez

Margaret R.Sinclair

The act of breastfeeding has been heavily contested, advocated, stigmatized, and studied; it has been treated much like a phenomenon than a natural situation. In much of the discourse about breastfeeding, the focus is on cultural paradigms regarding breastfeeding, socio-economic challenges of specific demographic groups, and medical benefits for the mother and/or child. While all of these factors are very important concerning the discourse on breastfeeding, none of these points of views deal directly with the ultimate subject of controversy...the woman. The female body is highly sexualized; resulting in women’s reluctance to breastfeed and the overall stigmatization of the practice. …

Reasons Behind The Decision To Migrate: Are Men’S And Women’S Different? A Review Of The Literature, Veronica Pastor

veronica pastor

While the decision to migrate is always essentially economic, men and women experience different “push and pull factors” and different opportunities resulting in different strategies.

In Defense Of Surrogacy Agreements: A Modern Contract Law Perspective, Yehezkel Margalit

Hezi Margalit

The American public’s attention was first exposed to the practice of surrogacy in 1988 with the drama and verdict of the Baby M case. Over the last twenty-five years the practice of surrogacy has slowly but surely become increasingly socially accepted and even welcomed. This evolution serves to emphasize the bizarre judicial and legislative silence regarding surrogacy that exists today in the vast majority of U.S. jurisdictions. In this article I describe and trace the dramatic revolution that took place during the recent decades as the surrogacy practice has totally changed from one viewed as problematic and rejected to a …

Talking About Food And Nutrition: Australian Women's Magazines, Danielle Mcvie, Heather Yeatman, Sandra C. Jones

Sandra Jones

Abstract presented at the Cultivating Appetites for Knowledge International Food Conference, May 30 - Jun 3 2007, Victoria, Canada

'I Don't Really Know, So It's A Guess': Women's Reasons For Breast Cancer Risk Estimation., Nancy Humpel, Sandra C. Jones

Sandra Jones

Women of all ages have been found to overestimate both the incidence and the mortality rate from breast cancer and the reasons for this are unclear. A qualitative study asked eighty three women (mean age = 44 years) how likely they thought they were to get breast cancer and to explain the reasoning behind their choice. Based on their responses, women's perceptions were categorised as: no risk (5%); reasonably accurate (30%); overestimated (22%); and greatly overestimated (43%). Four main themes emerged from the reasons given: 'Don't know/guess', 'family history' of breast cancer, 'age' related reasoning, and making their decision from …

Women In Business Leadership: A Comparative Study Of Countries In The Gulf Arab States, Susan R. Madsen, Linzi Kemp, James Davis

Susan R. Madsen

The purpose of this study is to investigate the status of women in leadership positions (senior executive and management roles) in private companies within the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (i.e., Kingdom of Bahrain, State of Kuwait, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Sultanate of Oman, State of Qatar, and United Arab Emirates). Henceforth in this article we refer to the countries collectively as either the Gulf Arab states or the GCC countries, and the countries by their common or shortened names (e.g., Bahrain, UAE). The study explores where women are located within the organizations (e.g., as board members, chief officers, …

Advancing Research On Women And Leadership: Developing An Hrd Scholarly Agenda, Susan R. Madsen, Julia Storberg-Walker, Kristina Natt Och Dag

Susan R. Madsen

Clearly, the topic of developing leaders is of utmost importance in all contexts and it is particularly important for the HRD discipline: over 1,400 journal articles in AHRD journals have the word ‘leadership’ as one of their subject terms. Almost monthly the front cover of the Harvard Business Review has ‘leadership’ boldly displayed, either as the main article or as a supporting news brief. Scholarly research abounds, and there are many leadership frameworks, models, and theories contributing to the quantity of research articles. Unfortunately, however, the diversity of ideas and the explosion of interest has generally not focused on an …

Measuring The Success Of Intervention Programmes Designed To Increase The Participation Rate By Women In Computing, Annemieke Craig, Linda Dawson, Julie Fisher

Associate Professor Linda Dawson

Many intervention programmes to encourage greater female participation in computer education and careers have been conducted in the last twenty years. These intervention programmes take considerable time, effort and money to design and implement. If success were to be measured by an increase in the percentage of female students undertaking computing courses then these programmes would have to be considered a failure. This paper describes a research project which examined fourteen intervention programmes in detail. From the perspective of the programme champions each of the intervention programmes was considered successful, even when this success was restricted to specific areas or …

Gendering The Frontier In O. E. Rölvaag's Giants In The Earth, John Muthyala

John Muthyala

Translated from the Norwegian into English, O. E. Rölvaag's Giants in the Earth narrates the saga of pioneer life on the American prairies. It is a saga that has the sanction of official ideology and the authority of a religious edict: to go on an "errand into the wilderness," explore and subdue the frontier, which was the "basic conditioning factor" of American experience, and, in so doing, cultivate a new civilization. Indeed, it is hard not to read the novel as dramatizing the power of Turner's frontier thesis because it seems to unabashedly affirm the frontier as the great American …

The Comparison Of Power And Authority Of Women In China And Minangkabau Societies, Arif Rohman

Arif Rohman

The power and authority available for women are very important in measuring the cultural system in each society contains a gender bias or not. This study will examine whether the matrifocal and matrilineal society guarantees gender equality rather than the patriarchal and patrilineal society and to what extent these societies provide power and authority to women in both domestic and public spheres. To support analysis, this article will compare two Asian societies; those are China as a representative of the patriarchal and patrilineal society and Minangkabau as a representative of the matrifocal and matrilineal society. The analysis will be focused …

Peacebuilding In Lebanon Using A 'Serious' Game Intervention, Christina B. Gunther

Christina B. Gunther

The specific aims of this research are to provide an educational tool for non-governmental organizations to mitigate the effects of violence against women through peace promotion and education in lieu of state intervention.

Institutionalizing Ethics In Institutional Voids: Building Positive Ethical Strength To Serve Women Microfinance Borrowers In Negative Contexts, Subrata Chakrabarty, A E. Bass

Subrata Chakrabarty