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Pandemic

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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Pentecostal Hope In The Age Of Covid-19, Peter Althouse, Audrey E. Mccormick Apr 2024

Pentecostal Hope In The Age Of Covid-19, Peter Althouse, Audrey E. Mccormick

Salubritas: International Journal of Spirit-Empowered Counseling

This research sought to identify how Pentecostals and charismatics responded to the Coronavirus pandemic. Specifically, what role did eschatology play in provoking hope, and how did theologies on healing influence responses? Data revealed that Pentecostals were generally not casting their responses to the pandemic as a millennial expectation of a better future but were grieving their losses and seeking to provoke hope amidst suffering. While minimal miraculous healings were reported, healing was cast primarily as the ongoing presence of defiant hope amidst trauma, grief and suffering. We propose that grief and grieving is an eschatological response to loss and death.

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College Student Stress And Resilience During Covid-19, Kevin A. Doyle, Karissa Peyer, Liz Hathaway, Hannah Turner, Dorinda Harriss Mar 2024

College Student Stress And Resilience During Covid-19, Kevin A. Doyle, Karissa Peyer, Liz Hathaway, Hannah Turner, Dorinda Harriss

Trauma Counseling and Resilience

The COVID-19 pandemic had a drastic impact on the wellness of college students. In this study, researchers examined levels of stressful events, perceived stress, and resilience in a sample of 312 students at a Southeastern university. Students demonstrated a high volume of stressful events, lower levels of resilience, and high levels of perceived stress. The combination of stressful events and resilience explained a significant amount of the variance in perceived stress. Implications are included.

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Using Online Support Group To Cope During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review, Naishuo Sun, Xinle Jia Mar 2024

Using Online Support Group To Cope During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review, Naishuo Sun, Xinle Jia

SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days

The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly affects mental health due to prolonged quarantine. Online support groups offer vital social and informational support during crises. This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review of current literature about online support group during pandemic, and to examine the research gap, promote engagement with (in)accurate health information, and to explore additional benefits of the online support group. We searched with the keyword in three databases from 2020 to 2023, resulting in 15 number of articles. The information extracted from the 15 studies includes county, target group, platform, purpose of the group, study design, measure, and …

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Implementation Of Digital Health In Addressing Global Threats: Lessons From The Use Of Technology During Covid-19 Pandemic In Indonesia, Naili Shifa, Anisa Tiasari, Kemal N. Siregar Feb 2024

Implementation Of Digital Health In Addressing Global Threats: Lessons From The Use Of Technology During Covid-19 Pandemic In Indonesia, Naili Shifa, Anisa Tiasari, Kemal N. Siregar

Kesmas

This research conducted a systematic literature review to explore the implementation of digital health in Indonesia, focusing on the digital health policies, usage during the COVID-19 pandemic, benefits, and lessons learned. The study identified 10 relevant journals through database searches and analyzed the trends in publication, productive journals, and top institutions involved in digital health research. The findings revealed an increasing interest in digital health, with a growing number of published articles from 2021 to 2023. ScienceDirect emerged as the most productive journal, followed by PubMed and MDPI. The University of Indonesia and the University of Gajah Mada were the …

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Economic Effects Of Pandemic On Us And Indian Economies With Policy Actions In 2019-2023: A Comparative Analysis, Kishore Kukarni Dr., Amitabh S. Dutta Feb 2024

Economic Effects Of Pandemic On Us And Indian Economies With Policy Actions In 2019-2023: A Comparative Analysis, Kishore Kukarni Dr., Amitabh S. Dutta

International Review of Business and Economics

COVID 19 pandemic that started in February/March 2019, with happenings in Yuwan, China spread like a wildfire all over the world. All countries faced one of the worst economic challenges in recent centuries if not ever in the history of the mankind. Early predications were so severe and devastating that some forecasters predicted a death-toll of 100 million all over the world, as the virus was not only spreading fast but also had no solution for its serious fatal effects. It was evident that the patients were dying before getting any effective treatments and many of them were elderly individuals. …

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Immigrant Women From Iran And Afghanistan In Sweden: Experiences Of Domestic Violence During The Covid Pandemic, Fatemeh Hamedanian Feb 2024

Immigrant Women From Iran And Afghanistan In Sweden: Experiences Of Domestic Violence During The Covid Pandemic, Fatemeh Hamedanian

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

This paper explores the firsthand experiences of immigrant women victims of domestic violence amidst the COVID-19 crisis. Sixteen Iranian and Afghan women residing in Sweden were interviewed. Their responses were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. An intersectional perspective was used to understand domestic violence among the immigrant women. The study found high levels of psychological violence and controlling behavior by the women’s partners. The harm was compounded by economic instability, the temporality of residency permits, and the limited access to support services. The intersectional analysis suggests that multiple factors in the midst of the pandemic increase the vulnerability of abused …

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Mastery Of Information Technology And Strengthening Collaboration Between Editors And Marketing: Local Media Strategies For Surviving During Covid-19 Pandemic, Anas Syahirul Alim, Andre Noevi Rahmanto, Sri Hastjarjo Dec 2023

Mastery Of Information Technology And Strengthening Collaboration Between Editors And Marketing: Local Media Strategies For Surviving During Covid-19 Pandemic, Anas Syahirul Alim, Andre Noevi Rahmanto, Sri Hastjarjo

Informasi

There was a global pandemic with the emergence of the Covid-19 virus from 2019 until 2022. The pandemic affected all aspects of life, including the press/media world. Media crews had been facing tough challenges during the midst of a pandemic situation. Journalists were required to do work in the field to produce quality content. The business division was required to continue to generate revenue for the company in order to produce quality journalistic works. On the other hand, they had to protect themselves from contracting the plague while carrying out their duties with all the challenges and risks. Since the …

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How Covid-19 Affects Libraries In Mongolia, Tseren Ganbaatar Dr., Associate Professor, Narantuya Otgondoo, Zolboo Mashbat Dec 2023

How Covid-19 Affects Libraries In Mongolia, Tseren Ganbaatar Dr., Associate Professor, Narantuya Otgondoo, Zolboo Mashbat

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted all spheres of the education industry, including libraries. The absence of emergency plans for unforeseen situations like COVID-19 disrupted regular operation and demanded the adoption of new operational protocols. The objectives of this paper are to examine the impact of COVID-19 on library operations, to identify the challenges encountered in libraries, to examine the changes in users’ service preference, and to reflect on the best practice for library operations in the future. To achieve these research objectives, both qualitative and quantitative research methods were employed. Surveys and interviews were conducted to understand changes …

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Covid, Church, & Cuts: A Single Narrative Case Study Of Pandemic Impacts On A Bi-Vocational Pastor & Barber, A. D. Hooker, Camille S. Talbert Dec 2023

Covid, Church, & Cuts: A Single Narrative Case Study Of Pandemic Impacts On A Bi-Vocational Pastor & Barber, A. D. Hooker, Camille S. Talbert

The Journal of Faith, Education, and Community

This narrative case study provides an in-depth look into the impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic from the perspective of an assistant pastor with a small African American church in an urban city. His story indicates that the pandemic had both positive and negative effects on the pastor’s ability to carry out his role of pastoral care and ministry. Some positives were the results of new technological adaptations that helped to improve members’ consistency in attending and participating in weekly services. Some negative effects imposed by COVID-19 was the revelation of imbalanced relationships and a lack of trust in God. The …

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Poetic Representations Of Covid-19 Narratives: An Exploration Of Emotional Experiences During The Pandemic, Isha Harshe, Lindy Davidson Dec 2023

Poetic Representations Of Covid-19 Narratives: An Exploration Of Emotional Experiences During The Pandemic, Isha Harshe, Lindy Davidson

The Qualitative Report

In pivotal moments of history like the COVID-19 pandemic, it is critical to attend to and preserve the stories of different people experiencing the same phenomenon in their own ways. This project analyzed the public’s emotional experiences during the pandemic using methods of narrative and poetic inquiry. After reading 105 entries from the Pandemic Journaling Project, an online platform where people anonymously published journal entries reflecting on their pandemic experiences, narratives were categorized based on ten prominent emotional themes: anger, anxiety, fatigue, fear, loneliness, longing, loss, loss of control, stress, and uncertainty. Found poems were constructed for each emotion …

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Student And Faculty Perceptions Of The Impact Of Masks On Student Learning And Communication In The Classroom, Beau Shine, Kelly L. Brown, Christopher Felts, Trinnity Mitchell Nov 2023

Student And Faculty Perceptions Of The Impact Of Masks On Student Learning And Communication In The Classroom, Beau Shine, Kelly L. Brown, Christopher Felts, Trinnity Mitchell

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, facemask requirements while indoors were implemented in colleges and universities, both in the United States and beyond. Empirical evidence has shown that such mandates improved the health and safety of students, faculty, staff, and administrators. However, the impacts of such precautions on student learning and communication have to date gone largely unexplored. The current study surveyed students and faculty at one regional midwestern institution to assess their perceptions on the impact of masks on student learning and communication in the classroom. Findings are included, followed by a discussion of their implications.

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Contending With Covid: Examining Levels Of Anxiety Among College-Aged Adults In The Wake Of The Pandemic, Madison C. Harris Nov 2023

Contending With Covid: Examining Levels Of Anxiety Among College-Aged Adults In The Wake Of The Pandemic, Madison C. Harris

Undergraduate Research

Much is unknown about the impact of pandemics, as well as their corollary effects. Paying particular attention to the demographic characteristics of participants (gender, race/ethnicity, and familial income), this quantitative study examines differences in levels of anxiety in separate, unmatched samples of college students before and after social distancing due to COVID-19. Via an online survey platform, participants (N = 156) completed self-report measures which gathered demographic characteristics and levels of anxiety. A four-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) did not show significant differences in levels of anxiety among participants across gender, race, familial income, or social distancing status. Implications for …

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Medicine And Kindness, A Glorious Concurrence?, Araya Gautam Nov 2023

Medicine And Kindness, A Glorious Concurrence?, Araya Gautam

Patient Experience Journal

This article unfolds the journey of a 28-year-old junior doctor entangled in the throes of a pernicious anemia diagnosis during her travels abroad, a scenario exacerbated by the grip of a COVID-19 lockdown. Adrift without medical insurance and distant from her family, she found herself under the care of a compassionate on-call resident, emphasizing the crucial role of kindness and compassion in her predicament. Her treatment regimen encompassed a series of CBC tests meticulously tracking cobalamin and ferritin levels, complemented by extensive examinations for iron deficiency and a regimen of vital vitamin B12 injections, all carried out under vigilant scrutiny …

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Using The Five Ps: Conceptualizing Covid-19-Related Mental Health Concerns, Christine D. Gonzales-Wong, Scott Peters Oct 2023

Using The Five Ps: Conceptualizing Covid-19-Related Mental Health Concerns, Christine D. Gonzales-Wong, Scott Peters

Teaching and Supervision in Counseling

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in rising mental health concerns. As individuals experience loneliness, anxiety, and depression related to the pandemic, counselors-in-training navigate their treatment of clients while also living through the pandemic and its polarization. The authors present the Five Ps, a case conceptualization model that supervisors can use to help beginning counselors consider the history and context of the presenting concerns of clients, in addition to utilizing clients’ strengths in treatment. The authors provide a case illustration using the Five Ps in a supervision setting and discuss implications for supervision and future research.

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Personality And The Intention To Use Bus Rapid Transit On Pandemic Covid-19: The Role Of Environmental Concern As A Mediator, Muhammad Abdan Shadiqi Oct 2023

Personality And The Intention To Use Bus Rapid Transit On Pandemic Covid-19: The Role Of Environmental Concern As A Mediator, Muhammad Abdan Shadiqi

Psychological Research on Urban Society

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the behavior of public transport users and raised concerns about the means of transportation. Therefore, this study aims to explain the mediating effect of environmental concern in the relationship between five personality traits on the intention to use Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) during the pandemic. A correlational survey of 425 participants was conducted, and the analysis found that all five personality traits did not directly predict the intention to use BRT. Furthermore, there was a positive mediating effect at the weak level of environmental concern on the relationship between four of the …

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Physical Activity And Mental Health Of Youth During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Amber Watson, Alicia Fedewa, Clair Tischner Oct 2023

Physical Activity And Mental Health Of Youth During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Amber Watson, Alicia Fedewa, Clair Tischner

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

The COVID-19 Pandemic has globally impacted children’s physical activity and mental health outcomes since the transition to remote learning (Štveráková, et al., 2021). Children and adults may encounter negative mental health related consequences, higher stress, and a significant lack of physical activity while in physical and social isolation (Clemente-Suárez, 2022). In particular, school-aged children have experienced a significant reduction in physical activity since transitioning to remote learning and do not have sufficient opportunities to make up for this loss while engaged in remote learning (Štveráková, et al., 2021). Increased physical activity has been consistently correlated with positive mental health outcomes …

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Adaptation Of Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises In The Food Sector During The Pandemic: Position The Brand As Part Of The Community, Hardian E. Nurseto, Nila A. Windasari, Prasanti W. Sarli Sep 2023

Adaptation Of Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises In The Food Sector During The Pandemic: Position The Brand As Part Of The Community, Hardian E. Nurseto, Nila A. Windasari, Prasanti W. Sarli

Journal of Global Business Insights

This study explains how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the food sector adapted during the pandemic. In-depth, semi-structured, hybrid interviews were conducted with fifteen SME owners in the food sector in Bandung, Indonesia. The study describes five business adaptation strategies using service-dominant logic (S-DL) and structural-functionalism theory: (a) relationship adaptation with suppliers and landlords, (b) employee adaptation, (c) product and sales adaptation, (d) operations adaptation, and (e) promotion adaptation. Findings show a holistic view of actor involvement in the business adaptation process linked to altruism, in which the business and all actors (i.e., suppliers, landlords, customers, employees, government, online …

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Addressing Challenges & Reactions To Covid-19 In Academic Libraries, Teisha Robertson, Edna Foxhall, Monica Hodge Aug 2023

Addressing Challenges & Reactions To Covid-19 In Academic Libraries, Teisha Robertson, Edna Foxhall, Monica Hodge

Alabama Libraries

The unprecedented COVID-19 crisis has impacted many universities and academic libraries resulting in normal operations ceasing temporarily. Overall, academic libraries at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic immediately adjusted to the so-called new normal and accommodated disrupted work operations to operate successfully. This article discusses the procedures implemented, positive and negative reactions to these changes, and the challenges experienced at Alabama State University, Levi Watkins Learning Center, and other libraries. This article will also highlight implemented procedures carried out by other university libraries, including difficulties and successes that libraries experienced during peak periods of the COVID-19 pandemic. To conclude, academic …

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Predicting Covid-19 Risk Information-Seeking Behaviors In Relation To Food Purchasing Concerns, Taylor Ruth, Quisto Settle, Joy N. Rumble Aug 2023

Predicting Covid-19 Risk Information-Seeking Behaviors In Relation To Food Purchasing Concerns, Taylor Ruth, Quisto Settle, Joy N. Rumble

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

COVID-19 drastically altered the way consumers shopped for food as they had to adhere to recommendations for social distancing. However, the public has been divided across political parties in their assessment of the severity of COVID-19 and must filter through misinformation related to the pandemic to make informed choices for personal safety. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the influences on Oklahoma consumers’ risk information-seeking behaviors about COVID-19 within the context of risk perceptions while shopping for food. The Risk Information Seek and Processing (RISP) model and cultural cognition provided the framework for this study. An online …

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Leadership, Service, And Wicked Problems: Impact Of War, Lack Of Funding, And Covid-19 In Service Of Those With Fewer Opportunities, Ruth V. Akumbu Jul 2023

Leadership, Service, And Wicked Problems: Impact Of War, Lack Of Funding, And Covid-19 In Service Of Those With Fewer Opportunities, Ruth V. Akumbu

The Scholarship Without Borders Journal

As the world and organizations struggled to overcome the challenges created by the COVID-19 pandemic, I, the Founder and CEO of Plant A Seed, also known as Plant a Seed Africa, used this chaotic period to assess and address issues facing the organization. Multiple challenges are addressed, including the pandemic, financial, political, and leadership. I created a new leadership strategy that switches between pacesetting, visionary, and transformational leadership styles. The new organizational change model will use the 5-F or Plant A Seed 5-F model.

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Tracing The Impact Of Migration In Bangladesh: From Partition To The Pandemic, Sabrin Sarwar Jun 2023

Tracing The Impact Of Migration In Bangladesh: From Partition To The Pandemic, Sabrin Sarwar

International Journal on Responsibility

The challenge of migration has been multidimensional, with ramifications that range from economic, social, cultural, and even psychological. People have suffered deep trauma, which is reflected through their experiences of homelessness, the act of leaving their homeland or known habitat behind and being forced to travel due to societal pressure. This paper attempts to study migration-based literature and films with a special focus on two films from Bangladesh, Chitra Nodir Pare (Quite flows the River Chitra) and Maati (Back to its Roots). The first part of the paper examines how partition affected the subcontinent and caused trauma to multiple people …

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Pandemic, Retail Sales And Local Economies: Evidence From Northeast Oklahoma, Sanchari Ghosh, Brian Jackson, Ray Murphy May 2023

Pandemic, Retail Sales And Local Economies: Evidence From Northeast Oklahoma, Sanchari Ghosh, Brian Jackson, Ray Murphy

Mountain Plains Journal of Business and Technology

Early post-COVID pandemic studies focused on the macroeconomic impacts of that event on employment, income, healthcare costs, food security, etc. Yet there has been little emphasis on how changes in consumption spending patterns resulting from the pandemic affected retail sales and revenues, each of which are major contributors of growth for local economies. This study investigates these relationships by implementing retail pull and sales gap analyses to determine how non-metropolitan rural regions responded to consumption expenditures and retail sales before and after the pandemic. Using three cities of northeastern Oklahoma as a case study, retail pull factors at the city …

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Response To Continuing 4-H Youth Development In Sc During A Pandemic: The Sc 4-H@Home Program, Alana W. West, Abigail T. Phillips, Susan T. Guynn, Nathan Nemire, Joe Bible, T. Ashley Burns May 2023

Response To Continuing 4-H Youth Development In Sc During A Pandemic: The Sc 4-H@Home Program, Alana W. West, Abigail T. Phillips, Susan T. Guynn, Nathan Nemire, Joe Bible, T. Ashley Burns

The Journal of Extension

State mandates imposed by governors during COVID-19 affected extracurricular activities for children and youth. To continue providing 4-H programming during quarantine, Clemson Extension 4-H Youth Development Agents created the SC 4-H@Home program. Daily activities were developed that could be completed at-home using common household items and were delivered via email to registered participants. A survey was conducted at the conclusion of the program that included open- and closed-ended questions to gauge the effectiveness of the program. Results indicate that, overall, the SC 4-H@Home program was beneficial to youth and contributed to their education during the COVID-19 crisis.

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The Effect Of Covid-19 On Substance Use And Mental Health On A College Campus, Georgia L. Coffman Apr 2023

The Effect Of Covid-19 On Substance Use And Mental Health On A College Campus, Georgia L. Coffman

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

In this research, the author surveyed a university population to determine the impact that COVID-19 has had on substance use and mental health. Current research provides significant data indicating worsening mental health and substance use. This paper looks at how applicable those trends are to a small private university in Indianapolis, Indiana. The data included 261 respondents composed of students, faculty, and staff of the university. The results reveal that college students, faculty, and staff experienced statistically significant increases in feelings of unhappiness, depression, loneliness, hopelessness, agitation, and irritability during the pandemic compared to before the pandemic. Data analysis of …

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Parents’ Perceptions Of Children’S Psychosocial Adaptation During The Covid-19 Pandemic In Québec: Comparison With Gifted And Non-Gifted Children, Claire Baudry, Jeanne Leblanc-Lagacé, Line Massé, Jessica Pearson, Amélie Courtinat, Eileen Slater, Geneviève Ouellet Mar 2023

Parents’ Perceptions Of Children’S Psychosocial Adaptation During The Covid-19 Pandemic In Québec: Comparison With Gifted And Non-Gifted Children, Claire Baudry, Jeanne Leblanc-Lagacé, Line Massé, Jessica Pearson, Amélie Courtinat, Eileen Slater, Geneviève Ouellet

SENG Journal: Exploring the Psychology of Giftedness

Studies conducted in French Canadian schools following the COVID-19 lockdown report that children in a pandemic might have difficulties adapting. Gifted and twice-exceptional children—who might present special needs in this situation—could have different levels of psychosocial adaptation and mental-health needs than other children. This study assessed the psychosocial adaptation of gifted and twice-exceptional children and compared the adaptation levels of these individuals to those of non-identified gifted children. The results show that 62.5% of the gifted children had generally coped well with pandemic conditions, as did the non-identified gifted children (73.9%). Conversely, 59.5% of twice-exceptional children presented difficulties in adapting …

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The Silent Suffering Of Survivors: The Covid-19 Pandemic's Impact On Domestic Violence Resources, Osoniya I. Wodi Feb 2023

The Silent Suffering Of Survivors: The Covid-19 Pandemic's Impact On Domestic Violence Resources, Osoniya I. Wodi

XULAneXUS

Increased reports of domestic violence has coincided with the eruptions and growth of the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous research has shown a positive correlation between domestic violence and the occurrence of humanitarian crises. Recently published research about domestic violence police reports in the COVID-19 pandemic has also supported this correlation. We used data from the National Network To End Domestic Violence (NNEDV) to analyze the number of survivors served by domestic violence programs in the United States, type of resources available, and unmet request from 2019-2021, one year pre-pandemic and the first two years of the pandemic. Findings from this study …

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Role Of The State Intelligence Agency In Managing The Covid-19 Pandemic In Indonesia, Yofitri Heny Wahyuli Feb 2023

Role Of The State Intelligence Agency In Managing The Covid-19 Pandemic In Indonesia, Yofitri Heny Wahyuli

Jurnal Politik

The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted governments in various countries to involve a wide range of actors, including intelligence. Since the beginning of 2020, the State Intelligence Agency (BIN) in Indonesia has been actively involved in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. The deployment of intelligence bodies in handling a pandemic is a common practice that many democratic countries do. However, intelligence must operate within the confines of its mandate, function, and democratic principles. This paper will examine the issues regarding the roles of BIN in dealing with the pandemic in Indonesia. Data sources for this study were obtained by applying a …

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The Mood And Physical Activity Of The Tibetan And Han University Students During The Covid-19, Liqiang Zhang, Gao Huina Feb 2023

The Mood And Physical Activity Of The Tibetan And Han University Students During The Covid-19, Liqiang Zhang, Gao Huina

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

This study aimed at exploring a relation between the mood state and physical activity (PA) among the Zang and Han university students during the COVID-19. 2382 university students in Shaanxi, Tibet, Hubei and Guizhou were recruited using a convenient sampling method to participate in this study. Independent samples t-test and ANOVA were used to compare the differences of the mood state of the college students by gender, grade, and ethnicity respectively. Pearson correlation and stepwise linear regression were conducted to examine the indicators’ relations. The results indicated that there was statistical significance in the mood state among the ethnicity, gender, …

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Adaptive Leadership In Local Responses To Covi D-19: Cases Of The Cities Of Santa Rosa And Valenzuela, Philippines, Miriam Caryl Carada, Therese Pardo, Aileen Lapitan Jan 2023

Adaptive Leadership In Local Responses To Covi D-19: Cases Of The Cities Of Santa Rosa And Valenzuela, Philippines, Miriam Caryl Carada, Therese Pardo, Aileen Lapitan

Journal of Public Affairs and Development

The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) created a disruption to the global landscape that called for the quick response of key governance actors, specifically an adaptive approach by the local leaders. In this study, we analyze strategies of two local chief executives to draw insights about how adaptive leadership practiced in the context of two cities in the Philippines deemed to excel in managing the pandemic at the height of its onslaught. Owing to COVID restrictions at the time of the study, secondary data from various social media accounts, local government portals, and news websites were utilized together with the accounts from …

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The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Expenditures Of Saudi Families An Applied Study On The Medina Region, Nahlah Alamari Jan 2023

The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Expenditures Of Saudi Families An Applied Study On The Medina Region, Nahlah Alamari

Journal of the Faculty of Arts (JFA)

e study aimed to assess the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the change in expenditures, according to an economic schedule, the rate of economic growth in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. - Social status - educational level - location - place of residence - family size at the level of the governorates of Medina. The data was collected through the questionnaire through which the data was collected. It was designed for the idea of ​​the study in the objectives of the study in the study and analysis of variance. The study’s conclusions are among the most important findings that …

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