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Articles 1 - 19 of 19
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Prologue, Michiko Nohara-Leclair
Prologue, Michiko Nohara-Leclair
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
No abstract provided.
Encoding Specificity: Applied To Communication Patterns In Recall Processes, Makandal P. Daaga
Encoding Specificity: Applied To Communication Patterns In Recall Processes, Makandal P. Daaga
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
This study investigated the concept of encoding specificity and attempted to apply it to communication patterns and memory. The hypothesis stated that similar forms of communication during encoding and recall would lead to improved recall performance. Forty undergraduate students were recruited to participate in two free recall trials where the modality of communication (visual vs. auditory) was manipulated to test the hypothesis. Participants were presented with two word lists (15 words each) either via visually (visual) or via audio recording (auditory) and asked to recall either via writing (visual) or speaking (auditory).Trials involving similar forms of communication displayed significantly higher …
Memory Recall: Cued Or Free, Meghan Thomson, Wendy Stamps
Memory Recall: Cued Or Free, Meghan Thomson, Wendy Stamps
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
Cues may be helpful to aid a person in memory recall. Two experiments were conducted in order to test the hypothesis that recall is enhanced with the presentation of cues. In Experiment 1, the recall performances for the same forty-eight participants were compared under cued and free recall conditions. A paired t-test was performed on the participants who received both cued and free recall questions. In Experiment 2, thirteen participants were given either cued only or free only questions to recall. An independent t-test was performed on the participants who received only cued recall questions or only free recall questions. …
Noun-Sense: Short-Term Memory And Correct Recall Of Concrete, Abstract And Nonsense Words, Mindi E. Lovelady
Noun-Sense: Short-Term Memory And Correct Recall Of Concrete, Abstract And Nonsense Words, Mindi E. Lovelady
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
Retrieval of items from short-term memory is a repeat phenomenon in an individual’s everyday life. Recall of some information from short-term memory is more readily available than others, but learning to maximize the amount of information that is retrieved is possible. Using retrieval techniques that involve word concreteness could be of utility in retrieval of information. 81 undergraduate participants were recruited at Lindenwood University. Each participant was asked to complete a task involving the STM recall of words from a list. The list incorporated concrete and abstract nouns, with nonsense words. Participants demonstrated, with significance, the ability to recall more …
Classical Recall: Analysis Of The “Mozart Effect” On Basic Mental Tasks, Matthew Black, Steven Carter, Adam Rose
Classical Recall: Analysis Of The “Mozart Effect” On Basic Mental Tasks, Matthew Black, Steven Carter, Adam Rose
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
Researchers conducted a study based on the theory of the Mozart Effect to determine how well students at Lindenwood University performed on cognitive tasks when certain variables were manipulated. There were a total of twelve different conditions, in which the order of tasks, music, and hypothesis instructions were varied. It was concluded that no significant difference was found between any of the assigned conditions. Further research needs to be performed to determine if other variables would be better predictors of cognitive achievement, instead of the presence of classical music and priming participants with different hypotheses. If the Mozart Effect is …
Racial Stereotyping And Physical Perception Of Crime, Jenn Malzone
Racial Stereotyping And Physical Perception Of Crime, Jenn Malzone
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
A statistical analysis conducted by the United States Department of Justice stated that from 1976 to 2002, a surprisingly large number of murders committed were intra-racial, rather than inter-racial. The results claimed that 86% of Caucasian murder victims were killed by other Caucasians, and 94% of African American victims were killed by other African Americans. The present study was conducted to see if the average person perceives interracial crime to be more of a threat. Thirty-seven participants were given the task of assigning photographs of men from the two most prominent ethnic groups in the United States to various negative …
Interpersonal Conflict Resolution: Differences Across Sex And Socially Established Gender, Abby Ramon
Interpersonal Conflict Resolution: Differences Across Sex And Socially Established Gender, Abby Ramon
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
The purpose of this study was to examine, compare, and contrast how men and women handle conflict in romantic interpersonal relationships. The purpose was also to examine the relationship between people’s particular ways of responding and their levels of masculinity and femininity, as measured by a modified version of the Bem Sex Role Inventory. Eighty-two participants between the ages of 18 and 55 were recruited for this study. They were all asked to fill out a personality inventory and two questionnaires, both of which consisted of a hypothetical conflict scenario and questions for the participant to answer. The data were …
The Sexual Image Of Women In Television: The Effect On Young Women In America, Amanda Reed, Rachel Rogers
The Sexual Image Of Women In Television: The Effect On Young Women In America, Amanda Reed, Rachel Rogers
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
The purpose of this study was to look at the portrayal of the sexual image of women on television from 1970 through 2000 by rating the main female character on an appearance and communication score, which was done by the two experimenters. We hypothesized that the stereotypical appearance and communication score would increase from 1970 to 2000. However, the trend analysis showed that the appearance score decreased, implying that the stereotypical appearance of women has lessened through the years. The communication score increased from 1980 to 2000, implying a more stereotypical portrayal of women. If future, more thorough research finds …
How Preference Plays A Role In Gender And Details, Jennifer Anstead, Brittni Martin
How Preference Plays A Role In Gender And Details, Jennifer Anstead, Brittni Martin
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
How preference plays a role in gender and details was examined and evaluated in this experiment. We used Lindenwood University's Human Subject Pool to recruit 30 participants, 16 females and 14 males. Our purpose was to see whether the participants found more differences between the pairs of pictures they preferred over the less preferred pictures. We used gender stereotypical pictures with the hope that participants would prefer the picture that best fits their gender. We did not find statistical significance, F(2,58)=2.126, p=.129(p<.05), in that the participants discovered more differences in their preferred picture. However, we did find statistical significance between picture type and number correct, and the order the pictures were given and the number correct in each picture.
Spring 2007, Full Issue
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
No abstract provided.
The Effects Of Relatedness And Order Of Anagrams On The Ability To Recall, Dana Castrellon, Mai Ozaki, Sarah Staley
The Effects Of Relatedness And Order Of Anagrams On The Ability To Recall, Dana Castrellon, Mai Ozaki, Sarah Staley
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
This paper discusses the effects of the relatedness and order in which words are presented on a person’s ability to solve anagrams. One of the hypotheses was that it would be easier to recall anagrams if they were related and presented in the same order as the study sheet. The other was that a person would more easily recall words if they are related rather than unrelated. Forty-eight participants were recruited and asked to complete two of four anagrams tests. The results of a one-way MANOVA examining the effect of consistency of item order did not reveal statistically significant results. …
Why Do You Come To Lu?, Sara Hawkins, Amanda Schmidt
Why Do You Come To Lu?, Sara Hawkins, Amanda Schmidt
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
The purpose of this study was to examine the reasons that people attend and continue to attend Lindenwood University. We examined 129 surveys completed by current Lindenwood University students. The survey asked a variety of questions, including demographic data, resident/commuter status, and what the student likes/dislikes about Lindenwood. There were two hypotheses for this study. Our first hypothesis was that commuter students would attend class more often than resident students. Our second hypothesis was that scholarships/funding was the top reason that students chose to come to Lindenwood. While our second hypothesis did yield statistical significance, our first one did not. …
Gender Bias In Peer Grading Among Undergraduate Students, Elizabeth Dalton
Gender Bias In Peer Grading Among Undergraduate Students, Elizabeth Dalton
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
Using the observation that people refer to their own genders when talking about an unknown author, one might infer that people might relate to authors of their same sex. If this is true, this could be a gender bias as people could attribute good qualities of an unknown author to their gender. This led to an investigation of gender bias in peer grading where students were thought to attribute better grades on a paper if the author is their same sex. Participants were separated into three groups separated by the knowledge of the author’s gender then asked to grade a …
I Changed My Mind, Jodi Curtis, Adam Saito
I Changed My Mind, Jodi Curtis, Adam Saito
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
Some might say that college is a time for people to find out what they want to do with the rest of their lives. Students select fields based on their interest, to study and further turn into a career. Some students become unsatisfied with their choice, or even find interest in another field. This leads to students making the decision to change their major and pursue another major. In this paper, it is hypothesized that due to exposure to different, required, general education classes of different fields, students change their majors. Data was collected from students enrolled in capstone classes, …
Prologue, Michiko Nohara-Leclair
Prologue, Michiko Nohara-Leclair
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
Prologue.
Math Magician: A Study On Distraction And Testing Ability, Brad Fincher, Kate Nelson, Carter Bray
Math Magician: A Study On Distraction And Testing Ability, Brad Fincher, Kate Nelson, Carter Bray
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
The problem with distraction in schools today could be affecting student’s learning. Our hypothesis is that students who are confronted with a distraction do not do as well as students who are not confronted with distractions while doing homework. There was a total of thirty five participants. The procedure was for participants in the experimental group would begin doing a math worksheet and a distraction (cell phone ring tone) would be introduced. For participants in the control group they would do the math worksheet in silence with out distraction. The results showed that the distraction did not affect the participant’s …
Homophones With Dual Interpretations As Affected By Temperature, Jamie Fritz
Homophones With Dual Interpretations As Affected By Temperature, Jamie Fritz
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
This study investigated the effect of temperature on selection of neutral and negative connotations. Homophones, words with two meanings with the same pronunciations, with a neutral and negative connotation were used to detect differences in temperature environments (75 or 85 F). Homophones were selected based on their use in a study by J. B.Halberstadt, P.M. Niedenthal, and J. Kushner (1995) where homophone-meaning selection was affected by “happy” and “sad” music played during the experiment. The current study did not find statistical significance between the two temperatures to reject the null hypothesis, but demonstrated the need for further study in this …
Influences On Spelling Ability: Written Vs. Oral Performance, Jake Jadwin, Sara Robards
Influences On Spelling Ability: Written Vs. Oral Performance, Jake Jadwin, Sara Robards
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
The purpose of this study was to determine if spelling ability was affected by speaking or writing the spellings of the words. We further tested to see if vocabulary ability had any effect on spelling ability as well. Participants spelled two lists of ten words one list, was orally spelled and one list was written spelling. Upon completion of the spelling tasks, participants were asked to complete a vocabulary task. Participants’ results were analyzed and conclusions were drawn based on written and oral performance and vocabulary ability. Our research revealed that participants spelled more accurately when writing the spellings versus …