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Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Effects Of The Social Security Amendments Of 1983 On Employment Status, Alcohol Consumption, And Depression, Adam J. Delgenio
The Effects Of The Social Security Amendments Of 1983 On Employment Status, Alcohol Consumption, And Depression, Adam J. Delgenio
Theses and Dissertations
Nearly four decades ago, Congress passed the Social Security Amendments of 1983. The changes were significant, and they pressured people to delay retirement. In this thesis, I use individual-level data from the Annual and Social Economic Supplement of the Current Population Survey and the Health Retirement Study to analyze the effects of the amendments. The amendments affect individuals at the same age, but across different years. Year of birth determines treatment by the amendments. I control for year of birth and age effects in a difference-in-difference model and interact treatment with age to identify the effects of the amendments on …
The Impact Of Covid-19 On Employment Characteristics, Eliana Shatkin
The Impact Of Covid-19 On Employment Characteristics, Eliana Shatkin
Theses and Dissertations
The following study examines ways in which COVID-19 has disrupted the United States labor market. My findings present disproportionately negative effects of COVID-19 on employment, labor force participation, worker absence, and weekly working hours for the female population in my sample, as well as veterans, disabled persons, and racial minorities.
The Effects Of Trauma And Statelessness On Refugee Employment Outcomes, Seth Hershberger
The Effects Of Trauma And Statelessness On Refugee Employment Outcomes, Seth Hershberger
Theses and Dissertations
An empirical study, this paper examines the relationship of pre-resettlement refugee characteristics on their respective economic outcomes post-resettlement. In particular, it places special focus on the correlation that a refugee’s level of trauma and duration of statelessness, or time spent in a temporary country of asylum, have with that refugee’s real wages, probability of being employed at 180 days post-resettlement, and duration of initial unemployment in the country of final resettlement. Through the development of three sets of models, this paper finds a quadratic relationship between the length of a refugee’s statelessness and real wages post-resettlement, where increases in duration …
Universal Basic Income And The Alaska Permanent Fund: Impact On Labor Outcomes And Skill Composition, Michele Cafasso
Universal Basic Income And The Alaska Permanent Fund: Impact On Labor Outcomes And Skill Composition, Michele Cafasso
Theses and Dissertations
To analyze the effects of universal basic income on labor supply and human capital, I estimate the effects of Alaska’s Permanent Fund on employment, hours worked, and skills using data from the Current Population Survey and O*NET. My method combines synthetic control and difference-in-differences regressions.
Flexible Working Practices For Educated Egyptian Women In The Digital Era: A Study On Telework During The Covid-19 Pandemic And Its Potential To Reduce Gender Gap, Sarah Sherif El Ashry
Flexible Working Practices For Educated Egyptian Women In The Digital Era: A Study On Telework During The Covid-19 Pandemic And Its Potential To Reduce Gender Gap, Sarah Sherif El Ashry
Theses and Dissertations
Telework has recently gained popularity around the world, a trend that saw significant growth with the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Egypt is one of the many countries that adopted this new approach in an attempt to facilitate social distancing policies. This allowed more working mothers in Egypt to experience telework practices for the first time and be able to report their experience. These circumstances have presented a great opportunity to test its simultaneous application across different sectors throughout Egypt. Therefore, it is important to reflect on the adoption of telework during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to examine …
Arbitration Outcomes And Employer Size In The Context Of The American Arbitration Association 2010-2020, James H. Call
Arbitration Outcomes And Employer Size In The Context Of The American Arbitration Association 2010-2020, James H. Call
Theses and Dissertations
This study examines the ``repeat player" effect in employment arbitration for counsel appearing repeatedly in the same arbitration forum, and the impact of employer size on arbitration outcomes, and finds that the repeat player effect has a notable impact only on arbitrations involving the largest employers.
Supported Employment Services And Employment Outcomes For Low-Income Youth With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities: A Case Control Study, Hannah Seward Phd
Supported Employment Services And Employment Outcomes For Low-Income Youth With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities: A Case Control Study, Hannah Seward Phd
Theses and Dissertations
Transition-age youth, ages 14-24 years old, with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) face unique barriers to entering the labor force when exiting high school. These barriers can be even more severe if the youth is from a low-income background. Supported employment (SE) services may help this population overcome these barriers and be employed in competitive integrated employment (CIE) settings. SE provides an employment specialist to guide them through obtaining and retaining a job (McDonough & Whittenburg, 2020; Wehman et al., 2007). However, limited research has been done on the SE experiences and outcomes of transition-age youth with IDD (Wehman et …
A Comparative Study Of The Influence Of Credential Attainment On Employment Outcomes In Rural And Urban Localities, Carrie S. Douglas
A Comparative Study Of The Influence Of Credential Attainment On Employment Outcomes In Rural And Urban Localities, Carrie S. Douglas
Theses and Dissertations
The significance of credentials has heightened considerably in recent decades with numerous federal and state policy initiatives aimed at increasing credential attainment. Various public workforce programs support these efforts, including the federal Workforce Investment Act (WIA), which provided training to job-seekers from 1998 through 2015. Scholars point to human capital theory to explain how education investments yield economic gains. Screening, signaling, and credentialist theories provide a framework for examining the ways that credentials are used in labor markets. The literature on rural labor markets suggests that conditions are very different from their urban counterparts, with significant challenges existing in terms …
Rehabilitation Counselor Clinical Judgment Model Application With Data From An Individualized Placement And Support Trial For Veterans Living With Spinal Cord Injuries, Kevin Fields
Theses and Dissertations
Employment rates for veterans with spinal cord injuries remain low despite legislation aimed at helping individuals with significant barriers to employment succeed in finding competitive work. As access to services and resultant outcomes become more scrutinized, the need for Rehabilitation Counselors to efficiently allocate resources grows more vital to the cause. Existing research supports a mediated path model of rehabilitation counselor clinical judgment asserting observations of disability severity, intelligence, and psychosocial adjustment lead to inferences of functional status and attribution thereof, which collectively influence predictions of successful rehabilitation. The current study investigated the variance attributable to this clinical judgement model …
Predictors Of Employment In A Treatment Sample Of Individuals With Substance Use Disorders, Enkelejda Ngjelina
Predictors Of Employment In A Treatment Sample Of Individuals With Substance Use Disorders, Enkelejda Ngjelina
Theses and Dissertations
Efforts to increase employment rates through vocational skills training and job interview skills development have yielded mixed results. While initial studies of Job Seekers Workshop (JSW) found greater employment success for participants randomized to JSW as compared to a control condition (Hall, Loeb & Norton, 1977), a more recent Clinical Trials Network (CTN) study found no differences in employment outcomes between the JSW and control groups and the rate of employment overall was substantively lower than those reported in the early studies (Svikis et al., 2012). To better understand these discrepant findings, the present study conducted secondary analyses using the …
Mental Illness, Recovery, And Employment: A Grounded Theory, Francine M. Bates
Mental Illness, Recovery, And Employment: A Grounded Theory, Francine M. Bates
Theses and Dissertations
This grounded theory study provides knowledge into the enduring unemployment of individuals in recovery from serious mental illness (SMI) who additionally receive supplemental security disability benefits (SSI). A constructivist framework was used in the development and implementation of this study. Grounded theory methods for data coding and analysis consisted of initial, focused and theoretical coding. Analysis continued in the development of theoretical concepts and emergent theory. Findings emphasize the complexity and amalgamation of study participants lived experiences that sustain unemployment. Theoretical concepts presented in this study are, composite barrier, encumbering reality, the obstructing impact of ambivalence and the someday dream …
How Does Child Participation In Early Head Start Programs Affect Their Mother’S Employment And Educational Attainment?, Pamela Barcelona
How Does Child Participation In Early Head Start Programs Affect Their Mother’S Employment And Educational Attainment?, Pamela Barcelona
Theses and Dissertations
Early Head Start (EHS) was established in 1994 to provide assistance to families in need. Mothers receiving services are more likely to attend high school and job training than mothers who don't receive them. Mothers in EHS are also more likely to have part-time employment than mothers who are not.
The Impact Of Employment On Probationer Recidivism, Clayton T. Cottle
The Impact Of Employment On Probationer Recidivism, Clayton T. Cottle
Theses and Dissertations
There is increasing need to understand and improve rates of recidivism in all fields associated with the Criminal Justice system. This research investigated the influence that employment status and job stability have on probationer recidivism. For this project, recidivism is defined as any arrest within four years after the termination of probation. Results from this study indicate that obtaining and sustaining employment can reduce the likelihood of recidivism in probationers. Additionally, the findings suggest that job stability is indicative of increased desistance. Findings from this study lend support to the notion that there is an employment-crime relationship. The findings of …
Reliability And Stability Of The Six Question Disability Measure In The Current Population Survey: What The Data Can And Cannot Tell Us About Disability And Labor Force Participation, Jeffrey Joy Dr.
Theses and Dissertations
The Current Population Survey (CPS) has been a major source of disability data for public policy and research. The aim of this study was two-fold. First, the study examined the six disability measures added to the CPS in 2008 to determine if they are both a reliable and stable method of describing disability over a period of two survey administrations in a 12-month period. Second, this study then assessed the impact of disability upon labor force participation. This research used a subset of the respondents to the longitudinal CPS Annual Social and Economic Supplement; it included (N=11,721) respondents …
The Effect Of Gambling Expansion On Health, Marina Li
The Effect Of Gambling Expansion On Health, Marina Li
Theses and Dissertations
This study examines the effect of gambling expansion on health and health behaviors. This paper hypothesized gambling expansion decreases individual’s health and increases negative health behaviors. The study is done by observing the health and health behavior of individuals and results generally supports hypothesis.
Tesol Employment Ads In China And South Korea: Personal Characteristics, Knowledge, And Skills Identified In Full-Time Ads Posted For International Instructors, Jae-Song Lee
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this master's project was to investigate the types of personal characteristics, knowledge, and skills TESOL employers are seeking in foreign job candidates in today's biggest EFL job markets, specifically in China and South Korea. First, the literature review introduces the enormous development of the EFL job market in these two countries and some challenges these two countries faced in their attempt to hire foreign EFL teachers. A total of 303 job advertisements were gathered from two Internet sources (Dave's ESL Café and TESOL.org) that met all the established criteria for choosing a reliable data source during a …
Evaluation Of Employment Benefits Of Ultra-Heavy Trucks: Wisconsin Case Study, Katrina Maria Kurniati
Evaluation Of Employment Benefits Of Ultra-Heavy Trucks: Wisconsin Case Study, Katrina Maria Kurniati
Theses and Dissertations
Allowing very heavy trucks, without permits, on United States' highways has been a subject of discussion in the past, and many politicians and industry advocates have argued that there are some benefits to much heavier trucks. Benefits include better air quality, reduced fuel usage, and increased industrial efficiency. The economic analysis of heavier trucks, however, remains incomplete. One way to measure economic benefits is by assessing employment growth. Wisconsin is used as a case study to evaluate employment benefits of ultra-heavy trucks. The current regulation of the maximum gross vehicle weight on all axles in Wisconsin is 80,000 pounds. Three …
Employment After Graduation: Career Path Trends Of Tesol Ma And Graduate Certificate Students, Eimi Priddis
Employment After Graduation: Career Path Trends Of Tesol Ma And Graduate Certificate Students, Eimi Priddis
Theses and Dissertations
As English expands across the world, quality English teachers are increasingly needed. However, reports that even well-trained TESOL professionals have a hard time obtaining stable employment are prevalent. This study sought to provide some solid evidence about employment trends in TESOL. It is based on a survey administered to alumni who graduated between the years of 1973 and 2008 from Brigham Young University's TESOL program. The results indicate that graduates spend about half of their career time in TESOL-related employment. Most are involved in teaching, but jobs in administration, materials development,or testing are more likely to be full-time and offer …
Full-Time Employment Ads In Tesol: Identifying What Employers Seek In Potential Hires, Caprice L. Bailey
Full-Time Employment Ads In Tesol: Identifying What Employers Seek In Potential Hires, Caprice L. Bailey
Theses and Dissertations
Within the professional field of TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages), it is not unusual for highly qualified instructors to teach several part-time jobs in order to support themselves. Despite advocacy efforts carried out by the international TESOL organization, finding rewarding full-time employment in the United States can be very challenging. In addition, with the current state of the economy and high unemployment, TESOL professionals like others in various fields are seeking stable employment. Although this research will not solve the lack of full-time jobs, the intention is to help job seekers better prepare themselves for today's job …
Making It Work: Credential And Employment Outcomes Of Out-Of-School Youth In Southside Virginia, Najmah Thomas
Making It Work: Credential And Employment Outcomes Of Out-Of-School Youth In Southside Virginia, Najmah Thomas
Theses and Dissertations
Entering the labor force is noted as one of the most significant role transitions of young adulthood. Multiple studies find that a significant portion of the nation’s young adult population has not been able to make this critical role transition successfully. The purpose of this dissertation is to identify factors that help out-of-school youth make a successful transition to postsecondary education and employment. The study analyzes data collected from a cohort of out-of-school youth who participated in employment and training programs operated in the state under the Workforce Investment Act (WIA) in Southside Virginia. The primary research question is why …
Attitudes Of Employed And Non-Employed Latter-Day Saint Mothers Toward The Homemaking Role And Outside Employment, Lois Richins Monroe
Attitudes Of Employed And Non-Employed Latter-Day Saint Mothers Toward The Homemaking Role And Outside Employment, Lois Richins Monroe
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis is a study of the attitudes of employed Latter-day Saint mothers and non-employed Latter-day Saint mothers toward the homemaking role and outside employment.
Two general hypotheses were tested. They were (1) employed Latter-day Saint mothers will have a more favorable attitude toward the homemaking role than non-employed mothers; and (2) employed Latter-day Saint mothers will have a more favorable attitude toward outside employment than non-employed mothers.